Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/497,246

WEARABLE MEDICAL SYSTEM RESPONSIVE TO CERTAIN ECG PATTERNS

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Oct 30, 2023
Examiner
HOLMES, REX R
Art Unit
3796
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
West Affum Holdings Dac
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
80%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 12m
To Grant
98%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 80% — above average
80%
Career Allow Rate
925 granted / 1153 resolved
+10.2% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+18.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 12m
Avg Prosecution
40 currently pending
Career history
1193
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
5.0%
-35.0% vs TC avg
§103
39.3%
-0.7% vs TC avg
§102
30.1%
-9.9% vs TC avg
§112
15.7%
-24.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1153 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement(s) (IDS) submitted on 10/8/24; 10/30/23 has/have been acknowledged and is/are being considered by the Examiner. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-5 and 8 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Tan et al. (U.S. Pub. 2005/0256415 hereinafter “Tan”) in view of Volpe et al. (U.S. Pub. 2013/0085538 hereinafter “Volpe”). Regarding claim 1, Tan discloses a wearable medical system ("WMS") for a patient (e.g. see Fig. 2; “electrodes attached to the body”), the WMS including at least: sensing electrodes configured to sense electrical activity of the heart of the patient and output an Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal (e.g. ¶¶118-119; “ECG electrodes”); an energy storage module (e.g. 24; “defibrillator pulse generator”); a therapy electrode coupled to the energy storage module (e.g. ¶¶117-119; “defibrillator pads”); a memory (e.g. ¶81; “memory”); and one or more processors (e.g. 22; “processor”) configured to: store, in the memory, ECG values based on the ECG signal (e.g. ¶81), generate a patient input based on the ECG values (e.g. ¶¶40-47, 81), determine, from the patient input, whether a heart rate of the patient exceeds a high threshold heart rate (e.g. ¶¶3, 67; “High VF rate”), when the heart rate exceeds the high threshold heart rate (e.g. ¶¶3, 67; “High VF rate”), determine: a present ECG peak amplitude from the ECG signal, input a previous ECG peak amplitude from ECG values stored in the memory (e.g. ¶19; “peak to peak comparison”), determine, from the present ECG peak amplitude and from the previous ECG peak amplitude, whether a peak amplitude decrease criterion is met (e.g. ¶19), cause, responsive at least in part to a determination that the peak amplitude decrease criterion is met, electrical charge to be discharged from the energy storage device via the therapy electrode through the patient so as to deliver a shock to the patient (e.g. ¶¶18-19; “peak amplitude decrease by a percentage then deliver defibrillation”); and store in the memory a record that indicates the shock was delivered (e.g. ¶81; “store peak number when defibrillation was given and successful”). Tan discloses the claimed invention except for the wearable system having a support structure configured to be worn by the patient that includes a memory on board that stores the shock record. However, Volpe teaches that it is known to use a support structure with all of the elements attached as set forth in Paragraph 31-33 and 37 to provide structure to support the device during ambulatory movement and provide records to the physician for analysis. It would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made to modify the system as taught by Tan, with the support structure that holds and positions all of the necessary elements on the user as taught by Volpe, since such a modification would provide the predictable results of provide structure to support the device during ambulatory movement and provide records to the physician for analysis. Regarding claim 2, meeting the limitations of claim 1 above, Tan further discloses that the high threshold heart rate is about 170 beats per minute (e.g. ¶67; “150 bm is about 170bpm”). Regarding claim 3, meeting the limitations of claim 1 above, Tan further discloses that the peak amplitude decrease criterion comprises the present ECG peak amplitude being less than the previous ECG peak amplitude by at least a threshold fraction (e.g. ¶19). Regarding claim 4, meeting the limitations of claim 1 above, Tan further discloses that the threshold fraction is about 15% (e.g. ¶19; “15%”). Regarding claim 5, meeting the limitations of claim 1 above, Tan further discloses in which the processor is further configured to: detect, from the patient input, whether a sudden onset event occurred before a determination that the heart rate exceeded the high threshold heart rate (e.g. ¶19), and in which, responsive to a detection of such a sudden onset event, the previous ECG peak amplitude is determined from the ECG values stored in the memory fewer than 30 minutes prior to the determination that the heart rate exceeds the high threshold heart rate (e.g. ¶19). Regarding claim 8, meeting the limitations of claim 1 above, Tan further discloses in which the processor is further configured to: detect, from the patient input, whether a sudden onset event occurred before a determination that the heart rate exceeded the high threshold heart rate, and when the sudden onset event is not detected, the previous ECG peak amplitude is determined from the ECG values stored in the memory at least 30 minutes prior to the determination that the heart rate exceeds the high threshold heart rate (e.g. ¶19; “adjacent peaks”). Claim(s) 6-7 and 9-11 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Tan in view of Volpe as applied to claims 1-5 and 8 above, and further in view of Kim et al. (U.S. Pat. 7,702,384 hereinafter “Kim”). Regarding claims 6-7 and 9-11, Tan in view of Volpe discloses the claimed invention except for the use of a heart rate jump threshold to determine tachyarrhythmias. However, Kim teaches that it is known to use a heart rate jump threshold as set forth in Paragraph Column 4, line 48 to Column 5, line 15 to provide a known percentage increase in heart rate that is about 20 percent that equates to a ventricular tachyarrhythmia. It would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made to modify the system as taught by Tan in view of Volpe, with a heart rate jump sensor that is about 20 percent as taught by Kim, since such a modification would provide the predictable results of using a known method of determining a sudden onset of tachyarrhythmia. Claim(s) 12-17 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Tan in view of Volpe as applied to claims 1-5 and 8 above, and further in view of Chen et al. (U.S. Pub. 2013/0338519 hereinafter “Chen”). Regarding claims 12-17, Tan in view of Volpe discloses the claimed invention except for the use of morphology stability criterion to determine signal averaged QRS complexes from a plurality of peaks and determine statistics to determine ECG morphology to determine conditions. However, Chen teaches that it is known to use signal averaged QRS complexes to determine morphology stability criterion as set forth in Paragraph 27 to provide that the system is using the QRS complexes of the highest quality for the most accuracy. It would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made to modify the system as taught by Tan in view of Volpe, with signal averaged QRS complexes to determine morphology stability criterion as taught by Chen, since such a modification would provide the predictable results of using the QRS complexes of the highest quality for the most accuracy. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to REX R HOLMES whose telephone number is (571)272-8827. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Thursday 7:00AM-5:30PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jennifer McDonald can be reached at (571) 270-3061. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /REX R HOLMES/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3796
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Oct 30, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 08, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
80%
Grant Probability
98%
With Interview (+18.3%)
2y 12m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1153 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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