DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Drawings
The drawings are objected to under 37 CFR 1.83(a). The drawings must show every feature of the invention specified in the claims. Therefore, the “convex surface,” “Bernoulli gripper,” “constant-force spring,” “rectangular spring,” “torsion spring,” “articulated joint, “elastomer sheet,” “resistive heater,” “ceramic heater,” “semiconductor heater” “positive thermal coefficient heater,” “thick film heater,” “infrared heater,” “apparatus adapted to lifting, translating and lowering the assembly tool,” “apparatus adapted to aligning the assembly tool,” “assembly table,” “convex surface,” “robotic arm,” “gantry,” “mechanical datums,” “machine vision,” “fixed assembly table,” and “assembly table and convex surface translate below a fixed assembly tool” must be shown or the feature(s) canceled from the claim(s). No new matter should be entered.
Corrected drawing sheets in compliance with 37 CFR 1.121(d) are required in reply to the Office action to avoid abandonment of the application. Any amended replacement drawing sheet should include all of the figures appearing on the immediate prior version of the sheet, even if only one figure is being amended. The figure or figure number of an amended drawing should not be labeled as “amended.” If a drawing figure is to be canceled, the appropriate figure must be removed from the replacement sheet, and where necessary, the remaining figures must be renumbered and appropriate changes made to the brief description of the several views of the drawings for consistency. Additional replacement sheets may be necessary to show the renumbering of the remaining figures. Each drawing sheet submitted after the filing date of an application must be labeled in the top margin as either “Replacement Sheet” or “New Sheet” pursuant to 37 CFR 1.121(d). If the changes are not accepted by the examiner, the applicant will be notified and informed of any required corrective action in the next Office action. The objection to the drawings will not be held in abeyance.
Specification
The specification is objected to as failing to provide proper antecedent basis for the claimed subject matter. See 37 CFR 1.75(d)(1) and MPEP § 608.01(o). Correction of the following is required: The following claim limitations lack antecedence in the Specification: “hole,” “Bernoulli gripper,” “constant-force spring,” “rectangular spring,” “torsion spring,” “articulated joint,” “elastomer sheet,” “resistive heater,” “ceramic heater,” “semiconductor heater,” “positive thermal coefficient heater,” “thick film heater,” “infrared heater,” “assembly table,” “robotic arm,” “gantry,” “mechanical datums,” “assembly table,” “fixed assembly tool,” and “assembly table and convex surface translate below a fixed assembly tool.”
Claim Interpretation
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(f):
(f) Element in Claim for a Combination. – An element in a claim for a combination may be expressed as a means or step for performing a specified function without the recital of structure, material, or acts in support thereof, and such claim shall be construed to cover the corresponding structure, material, or acts described in the specification and equivalents thereof.
The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph:
An element in a claim for a combination may be expressed as a means or step for performing a specified function without the recital of structure, material, or acts in support thereof, and such claim shall be construed to cover the corresponding structure, material, or acts described in the specification and equivalents thereof.
The claims in this application are given their broadest reasonable interpretation using the plain meaning of the claim language in light of the specification as it would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The broadest reasonable interpretation of a claim element (also commonly referred to as a claim limitation) is limited by the description in the specification when 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, is invoked.
As explained in MPEP § 2181, subsection I, claim limitations that meet the following three-prong test will be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph:
(A) the claim limitation uses the term “means” or “step” or a term used as a substitute for “means” that is a generic placeholder (also called a nonce term or a non-structural term having no specific structural meaning) for performing the claimed function;
(B) the term “means” or “step” or the generic placeholder is modified by functional language, typically, but not always linked by the transition word “for” (e.g., “means for”) or another linking word or phrase, such as “configured to” or “so that”; and
(C) the term “means” or “step” or the generic placeholder is not modified by sufficient structure, material, or acts for performing the claimed function.
Use of the word “means” (or “step”) in a claim with functional language creates a rebuttable presumption that the claim limitation is to be treated in accordance with 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph. The presumption that the claim limitation is interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, is rebutted when the claim limitation recites sufficient structure, material, or acts to entirely perform the recited function.
Absence of the word “means” (or “step”) in a claim creates a rebuttable presumption that the claim limitation is not to be treated in accordance with 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph. The presumption that the claim limitation is not interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, is rebutted when the claim limitation recites function without reciting sufficient structure, material or acts to entirely perform the recited function.
Claim limitations in this application that use the word “means” (or “step”) are being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, except as otherwise indicated in an Office action. Conversely, claim limitations in this application that do not use the word “means” (or “step”) are not being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, except as otherwise indicated in an Office action.
This application includes one or more claim limitations that do not use the word “means,” but are nonetheless being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, because the claim limitation(s) uses a generic placeholder that is coupled with functional language without reciting sufficient structure to perform the recited function and the generic placeholder is not preceded by a structural modifier. Such claim limitation(s) is/are: “apparatus adapted to lifting, translating and lowering the assembly tool” and “apparatus adapted to aligning the assembly tool” in claims 9-11.
Because this/these claim limitation(s) is/are being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, it/they is/are being interpreted to cover the corresponding structure described in the specification as performing the claimed function, and equivalents thereof.
If applicant does not intend to have this/these limitation(s) interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, applicant may: (1) amend the claim limitation(s) to avoid it/them being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph (e.g., by reciting sufficient structure to perform the claimed function); or (2) present a sufficient showing that the claim limitation(s) recite(s) sufficient structure to perform the claimed function so as to avoid it/them being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112
The following is a quotation of the first paragraph of 35 U.S.C. 112(a):
(a) IN GENERAL.—The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same, and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor or joint inventor of carrying out the invention.
The following is a quotation of the first paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112:
The specification shall contain a written description of the invention, and of the manner and process of making and using it, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains, or with which it is most nearly connected, to make and use the same, and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention.
Claims 9-11 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), first paragraph, as failing to comply with the written description requirement. The claim(s) contains subject matter which was not described in the specification in such a way as to reasonably convey to one skilled in the relevant art that the inventor or a joint inventor, or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the inventor(s), at the time the application was filed, had possession of the claimed invention. Claim limitations “apparatus adapted to lifting, translating and lowering the assembly tool” and “apparatus adapted to aligning the assembly tool” are not defined by and clearly linked to sufficient structure within the disclosed Specification or Drawings to perform the claimed function. Consequently, it is unclear that Applicant was in possession of the invention as claimed at the time of filing.
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b):
(b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention.
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph:
The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention.
Claims 9-14 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention.
Claims 9 and 12 appear to be independent claims due to their respective preamble being different than the preamble of Claim 1, but the claim body establishes dependance with Claim 1. Thus, it is unclear if Claims 9 and 12 are dependent or independent claims.
Claim 13 is indefinite for the limitation “the additional step of tacking the workpiece to the convex surface.” The claim lacks any structure for performing the claimed step.
Claim 9. The limitations “apparatus adapted to lifting, translating and lowering the assembly tool” and “apparatus adapted to aligning the assembly tool” invoke 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph. However, the written description fails to disclose the corresponding structure, material, or acts for performing the entire claimed function and to clearly link the structure, material, or acts to the function. Therefore, the claim is indefinite and is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, second paragraph.
Applicant may:
(a) Amend the claim so that the claim limitation will no longer be interpreted as a limitation under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph;
(b) Amend the written description of the specification such that it expressly recites what structure, material, or acts perform the entire claimed function, without introducing any new matter (35 U.S.C. 132(a)); or
(c) Amend the written description of the specification such that it clearly links the structure, material, or acts disclosed therein to the function recited in the claim, without introducing any new matter (35 U.S.C. 132(a)).
If applicant is of the opinion that the written description of the specification already implicitly or inherently discloses the corresponding structure, material, or acts and clearly links them to the function so that one of ordinary skill in the art would recognize what structure, material, or acts perform the claimed function, applicant should clarify the record by either:
(a) Amending the written description of the specification such that it expressly recites the corresponding structure, material, or acts for performing the claimed function and clearly links or associates the structure, material, or acts to the claimed function, without introducing any new matter (35 U.S.C. 132(a)); or
(b) Stating on the record what the corresponding structure, material, or acts, which are implicitly or inherently set forth in the written description of the specification, perform the claimed function. For more information, see 37 CFR 1.75(d) and MPEP §§ 608.01(o) and 2181.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102
In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.
The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action:
A person shall be entitled to a patent unless –
(a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention.
Claims 1-3, 6-9, and 12 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Jess et al. (US 10,407,262).
Jess discloses;
Claim 1. A pick-and-place assembly tool comprising:
a support frame (22) operably coupled to a plurality of gripper heads (20) formed in an array (12), each gripper head comprising:
a plate (bottom surface of 20) having one or more suction elements (Col. 3, Ln. 52-54); and
one or more connector elements (28), wherein the gripper head is flexibly coupled to at least one adjacent gripper head by one or more connector elements, and wherein the array of gripper heads is adapted to passively conform to a convex surface (18) (Col. 3 and 7-8, and Fig. 1-3).
Claim 2. The assembly tool of claim 1 wherein the suction element is selected from the group consisting of: a hole, a suction cup, and a Bernoulli gripper (Jess discloses that the suction elements can be suction cups, Col. 3, Ln. 52-54).
Claim 3. The assembly tool of claim 1 wherein the one or more connector elements is selected from the group consisting of: a constant-force spring, a rectangular spring, a torsion spring, an articulated joint, and an elastomer sheet (Jess discloses that the connector elements are articulated joints, Col. 9 and Fig. 2-3).
Claim 6. The assembly tool of claim 1 wherein the array comprises a plurality of rows (Fig. 5).
Claim 7. The assembly tool of claim 6 wherein the one or more connector elements restricts the degrees of freedom between the gripper heads.
Claim 8. The assembly tool of claim 7 wherein the one or more connector elements restrict the elongation between the gripper heads within the rows and allow a variable displacement between the rows (in Fig. 2-3, with rows going into and out of the page, the gripper heads within each row maintain the same spacing between each other due to respective connectors and joints, while the connectors and joints illustrated in Fig. 2-3 allow variable displacement between the rows).
Claim 9. A system for picking flat and placing curved comprising: the pick-and-place assembly tool of claim 1; an apparatus (24) adapted to lifting, translating and lowering the assembly tool; and an apparatus (48) adapted to aligning the assembly tool to an assembly table and a convex surface (Col. 8 and 12, and Fig. 2 and 9).
Claim 12. A method of picking flat and placing curved, the method comprising: aligning the assembly tool of claim 1 to an assembly table (16) whereupon a flexible workpiece (14) is disposed; lowering the assembly tool onto the workpiece; engaging the suction of the gripper heads; lifting the assembly tool and captive workpiece; translating the assembly tool to a position over the convex surface; aligning the assembly tool to the convex surface; lowering the assembly tool onto the convex surface; disengaging the suction of the gripper heads; and lifting the assembly tool to a position over the convex surface (Col. 7-10 and Fig. 1-4).
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
Claims 4-5, 10-11, and 13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Jess in view of Petrovsi et al. (US 10,099,385).
Jess is silent to;
Claim 4. The assembly tool of claim 1 wherein each gripper head of the plurality of gripper heads comprises a heating element adapted to supply heat to the workpiece.
Claim 5. The heating element of claim 4 wherein the heating element is selected from the group consisting of: a resistive heater, a forced air heater, a ceramic heater, a semiconductor heater, a positive thermal coefficient heater, a thick film heater, and an infrared heater.
Claim 10. The system of claim 9 wherein apparatus adapted to lifting, translating and lowering the assembly tool is selected from the group consisting of: a robotic arm and a gantry.
Claim 11. The system of claim 9 wherein apparatus adapted to alignment is selected from the group consisting of: mechanical datums and machine vision.
However, Petrovski discloses an assembly tool (132) having a plurality of gripper heads (670) and a positioning device (150), an apparatus adapted to aligning the assembly tool to an assembly table and a convex surface, and a method of picking flat and placing curved, and further teaches;
Claim 4. The assembly tool of claim 1 wherein each gripper head of the plurality of gripper heads comprises a heating element (690) adapted to supply heat to the workpiece (Col. 5 and Fig. 6).
Claim 5. The heating element of claim 4 wherein the heating element is selected from the group consisting of: a resistive heater, a forced air heater, a ceramic heater, a semiconductor heater, a positive thermal coefficient heater, a thick film heater, and an infrared heater (Petrovski discloses heating element 690 is a “thermally shielded heating element, which is understood to be a resistive heater, Col. 5 and Fig. 6).
Claim 10. The system of claim 9 wherein apparatus adapted to lifting, translating and lowering the assembly tool is selected from the group consisting of: a robotic arm and a gantry (Petrovski discloses that the positioning device is a robot, Col. 5 and Fig. 1).
Claim 11. The system of claim 9 wherein apparatus adapted to alignment is selected from the group consisting of: mechanical datums and machine vision (imaging system 134, which is understood to be machine vision, Col. 3, Ln. 26, and Fig. 1).
Claim 13. The method of claim 12 comprising the additional step of tacking the workpiece to the convex surface before disengaging the suction of the gripper heads (Col. 5, Ln. 23-27).
Therefore, in view of Petrovski’s teaching, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have modified Jess’s disclosure with a reasonable expectation of success to include a heating element to insure a ply being placed would adhere to the previous ply, a robot so that the assembly tool could be controllably positioned, and machine vision to provide real-time feedback to the controller to insure proper alignment between the assembly tool and convex surface during placement of the flexible workpiece.
Claim 14 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Jess in view of Wiedemann et al. (US 7,653,977).
Jess is silent to;
Claim 14. The method of claim 12 wherein the assembly table and convex surface translate below a fixed assembly tool.
However, Wiedemann discloses a method of operating an assembly tool (7) with workpieces (2), and further teaches that the robot is stationary (Col. 3, Ln. 44-46) and the workpieces translate with respect to the robot to provide higher efficiency and better utilization of the assembly tool (Col. 3-4 and Fig. 5).
Therefore, in view of Wiedemann’s teaching, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have modified Jess’ disclosure to include the cited teachings of Wiedemann with a reasonable expectation of success to provide higher efficiency and better utilization of the assembly tool.
With respect to the limitations that have been cited as invoking 35 U.S.C. 112(f), the structures cited in the art of record as disclosing or teaching these limitations are either structurally similar to the respective structure in Applicant’s originally filed disclosure or perform the same claimed function.
Conclusion
The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure.
Boyl-Davis et al. (US 2005/0263949)
Petersen et al. (US 2022/0371292)
Linnemann et al. (US 2006/0143890)
Reinhold et al. (US 2014/0199153)
Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to RONALD P JARRETT whose telephone number is (571)272-8311. The examiner can normally be reached M-F: 9:00 am - 6:00 pm.
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If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Saul Rodriguez can be reached at (571) 272-7097. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
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/RONALD P JARRETT/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3652