Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/502,930

HEAT DISSIPATION SYSTEM AND SOLID-STATE TRANSFORMER POWER APPARATUS

Final Rejection §103
Filed
Nov 06, 2023
Examiner
PATEL, MUKUNDBHAI G
Art Unit
2835
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Delta Electronics Inc.
OA Round
2 (Final)
75%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 3m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 75% — above average
75%
Career Allow Rate
582 granted / 780 resolved
+6.6% vs TC avg
Strong +31% interview lift
Without
With
+30.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 3m
Avg Prosecution
19 currently pending
Career history
799
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
53.4%
+13.4% vs TC avg
§102
37.2%
-2.8% vs TC avg
§112
6.7%
-33.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 780 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-3 and 5-6 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Timothy J. Chainer (Chainer) US 9,250,636 B2 in view of Ali CHEHADE (CHEHADE) US 2021/0378147 A1. As per claim 1 Chainer disclose; A heat dissipation system, configured to dissipate heat for, an electronics rack having electronic module the heat dissipation system comprising: a chiller (Examiner interprets chiller as cool coolant source, equivalent to Col. 4 line 31 Cool coolant liquid and as per Col. 9 lines 33-38 as an alternative chiller can be used to supply cool coolant based on environmental requirement, such as tropical environment), configured to provide a low-temperature coolant (Col. 4 line 31 Cool coolant liquid), a heat exchanger (Fig. 4 item 402), coupled to the chiller (Fig. 4 pump 401 supply Cool coolant liquid), and configured to exchange heat between the low-temperature coolant and an airflow flowing through the electronics rack (Fig. 4), a first circulation pipeline (fig. 4 pipe lines attached to item 402 from pump 401 supply and return), coupled to the heat exchanger (402) and the chiller (Pump) so that the chiller, the heat exchanger (402), and the first circulation pipeline forming a first circulation loop to circulate the high-temperature coolant, (Fig. 4) a second circulation pipeline (item 410 and 412), disposed on one side of the electronic module (300 electronic server see fig. 3) to form a second circulation loop (fig. 4), and configured to absorb a heat source generated by the electronic module (fig. 3) by circulating a low-temperature coolant, (Fig. 4) a first throttle valve, (408) coupled between the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop (Fig. 4), and a control module, (Col. 5 line 64-col. 6 line 8) coupled to the first throttle valve (408), and configured to open the first throttle valve (Fig. 4 item 408 or fig. 5 item 502) to introduce the low-temperature coolant into the second circulation loop (Col. 5 line 21-42) based on a temperature of the high-temperature coolant (at Twi see fig. 5) being greater than a temperature threshold (fig. 5, 6 and col. 6 lines 43-63) so as to control the temperature to be less than or equal to the temperature threshold. (col. 6 line 40-54) Chainer disclose cooling electronic components of server modules, but do not specifically disclose well-known use of cooling system to cool a power module of an AC-to-DC conversion module. However in analogues art CHEHADE, disclose, well-known use of cooling system to cool a power module of an AC-to-DC conversion module. (Fig. 6 AC-C conversion module item 42 fig. 11 shows application/use of cooling system) Thus, it would have been recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art that applying the known technique taught by CHEHADE to the device of Chainer would have yielded predicable results and resulted in an improved assembly, that would allows for use of cooling system to cool AC-to-DC conversion module to expand use of cooling system to different products. As per claims 2 and 3 Chainer and CHEHADE disclose; - a second throttle valve (fig. 4), coupled to the second circulation pipeline (item 408 in line 412) and the control module, and a hydraulic pump, coupled to the second circulation pipeline and the control module, wherein the control module is configured to control an opening degree of the second throttle valve (Fig. 6) and a rotation speed of the hydraulic pump to adjust flow speed and flow amount of the high-temperature coolant. (Fig. 4 and 6 disclose ) -wherein the first throttle valve is an adjustable throttle valve, when the temperature is less than or equal to the temperature threshold, the control module decreases an opening degree of the first throttle valve and the opening degree of the second throttle valve, and when the temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, the control module increases the opening degree of the first throttle valve and the opening degree of the second throttle valve so as to control flow amount of the low-temperature coolant flowing into the second circulation loop. (Fig. 4-6 col. 6 lines 43-63) Motivation to combine remains same as claim 1. As per claims 5 and 6 Chainer and CHEHADE disclose; wherein when the temperature is less than or equal to the temperature threshold, the control module controls the first throttle valve to be closed, and when the temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, the control module controls the first throttle valve to be opened. (Col. 6 lines 43-63 and col. 6 line 40-54) wherein the airflow forms a high-temperature airflow and a low-temperature airflow by heat exchange of the heat exchanger (Fig. 6); the low-temperature airflow is conducted to the power module to absorb the heat source to generate the high-temperature airflow (Fig. 4-6), and the high-temperature air flow is conducted to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the low-temperature coolant to generate the low-temperature airflow (Fig. 4-6). Motivation to combine remains same as claim 1. Claim(s) 4 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Chainer in view of CHEHADE and further in view of Timothy J. CHAINER (CHAINER_2) US 2013/0138253 A1. As per claim 4 Chainer and CHEHADE disclose; a first thermometer, coupled to the control module and the second circulation pipeline, (fig. 5 and 6) and configured to sense the temperature, a second thermometer, coupled to the control module, and configured to sense an airflow temperature around the power module (Fig. 5 Tc,max), But does not teach well-known in the art to add, a hygrometer, coupled to the control module, and configured to sense an airflow humidity around the power module, wherein the control module calculates a dew point temperature based on the airflow temperature and the airflow humidity, and adjusts a temperature range of the high-temperature coolant based on the dew point temperature. However in analogues art, CHAINER_2 disclose, a hygrometer (Fig. 7B and Para 0051 item 721 and 723), coupled to the control module, and configured to sense an airflow humidity around (item 723) the power module, wherein the control module calculates a dew point temperature based on the airflow temperature (Para 0051 and 0056) and the airflow humidity, and adjusts a temperature range of the high-temperature coolant based on the dew point temperature (Para 0051 and 0056). Thus, it would have been recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art that applying the known technique taught by CHAINER_2 to the device of Chainer and CHEHADE, would have yielded predicable results and resulted in an improved assembly, that would allows for use of cooling system to control humidity to improve performance and to protect components from humidity. Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 12/30/2025 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. Regarding applicant’s arguments: 1. “Chainer disclosed coolant and ambient temperature control for chiller less…. And However, this operation is not intended to improve efficiency by keeping components operating within a specific temperature range (i.e., 35-38 degrees Celsius). This means that the cooling system of Chainer uses external air drawn in from the side car 402 to cool the components inside the server 300.” Examiner respectfully disagree because, Chainer disclosed all claimed structure/ arrangement of cooling system, “a heat exchanger (Fig. 4 item 402), coupled to the chiller (Fig. 4 pump 401 supply Cool coolant liquid), and configured to exchange heat between the low-temperature coolant and an airflow flowing through the electronics rack (Fig. 4), e.g. all claimed components and arrangement/connections between them. Further following applicant’s arguments a-“…operation is not intended to improve efficiency by keeping components operating within a specific temperature range (i.e., 35-38 degrees Celsius)…” and b-“ Because the side car 402 is inside the rack 400, by regulating the flow of coolant to the side car 402, the rack ambient air temperature leaving the side car 402 and entering servers 300 can be controlled." c-“ However, this operation is not intended to improve efficiency by keeping components operating within a specific temperature range (i.e., 35-38 degrees Celsius).” Above arguments are not valid because it is not in the claim 1. Therefor rejection of claim 1 is proper. In short most of the arguments are related to the non-claimed subject matter. Conclusion THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MUKUNDBHAI G PATEL whose telephone number is (571)270-1364. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Thu 7Am-6pm Fri 7-12 pm (Flex). Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jayprakash P Gandhi can be reached at (571) 272-3740. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MUKUNDBHAI G PATEL/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2835
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Nov 06, 2023
Application Filed
Oct 01, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Dec 30, 2025
Response Filed
Mar 20, 2026
Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12581626
DISPLAY DEVICE, FUNCTIONAL LAYER INCLUDED IN DISPLAY DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING DISPLAY DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12581612
CENTRIFUGAL FAN AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12575052
Telecommunications Network Equipment Unit Comprising A Cooling System
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12575070
ALIGNMENT OF LIQUID COOLING MANIFOLDS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12563700
LOOP HEAT PIPE, HOUSING ASSEMBLY AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
75%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+30.7%)
2y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 780 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month