DETAILED ACTION
The amendments and remarks filed 2/18/2026 were received.
PRIOR ART
The following references are prior art:
1. (11/20/2025) Appl. No.: 18/267,320 (“Park”) is prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) because it published as US 2024/0073077 A1, names another inventor (Yosub PARK), and was effectively filed by Dec. 15, 2021 before Nov. 9, 2023 the effective filing date of the claimed invention.
2. (11/20/2025) US 20210044384 A1 (“Sen”) is prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) because it published on Feb. 11, 2021 before Nov. 9, 2023 the effective filing date of the claimed invention.
3. (11/20/2025) US 2014/0321575 A1 (“Asa”) is prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) because it published on Oct . 30, 2014 before Nov. 9, 2023 the effective filing date of the claimed invention.
CLAIM REJECTIONS — 35 U.S.C. 102
In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.
The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action:
35 U.S.C. 102 Conditions for patentability; novelty.
(a) NOVELTY; PRIOR ART.—A person shall be entitled to a patent unless—
(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention.
CLAIMS 1-8, 9-20, & 22-29
Claims 1-8, 9-20, and 22-29 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by Park (US 2024/0073077 A1) for the reasons given below.
Claim 1
With respect to claim 1, Park disclosed:
A transmitter for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the transmitter to perform the following operations ([0002] The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a signal in a wireless communication system. [0012] A base station (BS) in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the disclosure may include a transceiver and at least one processor connected to the transceiver. [0251] FIG. 23 illustrates the structure of a BS according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 23, the BS of the disclosure may include at least one processor 2310 and a transceiver 2320 including a transmitter and a receiver. The BS may include memory (not shown). The transceiver 2320 and the memory may be connected to the at least one processor 2310 so as to operate under the control of the processor 2310. [0252] The at least one processor 2310 may control a series of processes so that the operations of the BS described in the embodiments of the disclosure may be performed.);
transmit an indication of a frequency interleaver, from a set of frequency interleavers, that provides an interleaved sequence for a communication, the frequency interleaver being selected based on a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the interleaved sequence, wherein the indication of the frequency interleaver comprises an index of the frequency interleaver ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0142] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of selecting a DMRS sequence and a data transformation scheme according to an embodiment of the disclosure. [0143] The BS may define a DMRS sequence set including available DMRS sequences and a data transformation set including data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequences may be generated in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 6. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7. The BS may transmit information about a plurality of defined DMRS sequences and information about a plurality of defined data transformation schemes to the UE through RRC signaling or a physical layer channel (810). [0144] The BS may select a preferred DMRS sequence and a preferred data transformation scheme among the plurality of DMRS sequences and the plurality of data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequence and data transformation scheme preferred by the BS may be a DMRS sequence and data transformation scheme that may minimize a PAPR… Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830). [0146] The BS may measure the PAPR value of each of a plurality of IDFT signals (840), and identify an IDFT signal having a lowest PAPR value according to the measurement result (850). [0148] Before transmitting the identified IDFT signal (870), the BS may select the data transformation scheme and the DMRS sequence applied to the identified IDFT signal, and generate control information including a data transformation index indicating the selected data transformation scheme and information about a DMRS sequence index indicating the selected DMRS sequence. In an operation that may be selectively performed, the control information may be transmitted, when the BS determines to transmit it to the UE through separate signaling (860). [0149] In an embodiment, in operation 860, whether to transmit the control information including the DMRS sequence index and the data transformation index through separate signaling may be determined in the following method… When transmitting the data symbol sequence including the PDSCH information bits, the BS may inform the UE of the selected DMRS sequence index and the selected data transformation index for the data symbol sequence through DCI on a PDCCH related to a PDSCH. [0190] A data symbol sequence s[n] generated by a data modulator (not shown) may pass through an S/P converter 1301. The length of the data symbol sequence s[n] is N. The transmitter may define a plurality of different data transformation schemes. The number of different data transformation schemes included in a data transformation set is U. Each of the different data transformation schemes may be applied to the data symbol sequence. Accordingly, different candidate signals may be determined. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7. [0191] To apply the data transformation scheme, the data symbol sequence output from the S/P converter 1301 may be input to an interleaver 1302. A used interleaving method may be implemented using a random NxN permutation matrix. [0194] PAPR measurers 1306 measure the PAPR values of time-domain JM-length signals on which IDFT has been performed. A total of U different candidate signals may be generated and the PAPR value of each candidate signal may be measured, by repeating the above processes in the devices 1301, 1302, 1303, 1304, 1305, and 1306 based on U data transformation schemes included in the data transformation set. A signal selector 1307 may identify a signal having a lowest PAPR among them. To expand upon the rejection of Applicant’s amendment, the Examiner finds that Park taught the indication of the frequency interleaver comprises an index of the frequency interleaver (i.e., the data transformation scheme includes interleaving and control information including a data transformation index indicating the selected data transformation scheme and information about a DMRS sequence index indicating the selected DMRS sequence is transmitted to the UE));
and transmit the communication including the interleaved sequence, wherein the interleaved sequence is associated with an input signal that is interleaved via the frequency interleaver when the input signal is in a frequency domain ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830). [0146] The BS may measure the PAPR value of each of a plurality of IDFT signals (840), and identify an IDFT signal having a lowest PAPR value according to the measurement result (850). [0147] The BS may transmit the identified IDFT signal to the UE (870). [0148] Before transmitting the identified IDFT signal (870), the BS may select the data transformation scheme and the DMRS sequence applied to the identified IDFT signal, and generate control information including a data transformation index indicating the selected data transformation scheme and information about a DMRS sequence index indicating the selected DMRS sequence. In an operation that may be selectively performed, the control information may be transmitted, when the BS determines to transmit it to the UE through separate signaling (860). [0149] In an embodiment, in operation 860, whether to transmit the control information including the DMRS sequence index and the data transformation index through separate signaling may be determined in the following method… When transmitting the data symbol sequence including the PDSCH information bits, the BS may inform the UE of the selected DMRS sequence index and the selected data transformation index for the data symbol sequence through DCI on a PDCCH related to a PDSCH. [0191] To apply the data transformation scheme, the data symbol sequence output from the S/P converter 1301 may be input to an interleaver 1302. [0195] In an embodiment, a data transformation index indicating the data transformation scheme applied to the signal selected by the signal selector 1307 may be transmitted to the UE through a physical layer channel or RRC signaling. [0197] FIG. 14 illustrates a specific embodiment of the embodiment of FIG. 8, which is equally applicable to existing OFDM and single carrier systems. [0198] Most components of FIG. 14 are similar to the block diagram of FIG. 12, and interleavers 1402 and sequence multiplication processors 1403 for applying data transformation schemes are added as illustrated in FIG. 13. Accordingly, the components of FIG. 14 may be similar to those described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. [0200] To apply the data transformation scheme, the data symbol sequence output from the S/P converter 1401 may pass through an interleaver 1402).
Claim 2
With respect to claim 2, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 1 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the transmitter to: communicate capability information indicating support for application of the set of frequency interleavers for the communication ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0143] The BS may define a DMRS sequence set including available DMRS sequences and a data transformation set including data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequences may be generated in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 6. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7.The BS may transmit information about a plurality of defined DMRS sequences and information about a plurality of defined data transformation schemes to the UE through RRC signaling or a physical layer channel (810). [0144] Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830).).
Claim 3
With respect to claim 3, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 2 (see rejection above),
wherein the capability information indicates support for application of the set of frequency interleavers to the input signal to generate a signal for the communication ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0143] The BS may define a DMRS sequence set including available DMRS sequences and a data transformation set including data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequences may be generated in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 6. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7.The BS may transmit information about a plurality of defined DMRS sequences and information about a plurality of defined data transformation schemes to the UE through RRC signaling or a physical layer channel (810). [0144] Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830).).
Claim 4
With respect to claim 4, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 1 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the transmitter to: communicate an indication of the set of frequency interleavers ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0143] The BS may define a DMRS sequence set including available DMRS sequences and a data transformation set including data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequences may be generated in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 6. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7.The BS may transmit information about a plurality of defined DMRS sequences and information about a plurality of defined data transformation schemes to the UE through RRC signaling or a physical layer channel (810). [0144] Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830).)..
Claim 5
With respect to claim 5, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 1 (see rejection above),
wherein the indication of the frequency interleaver indicates that the frequency interleaver is to be applied for a time interval ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0073] minimum transmission unit in the time domain is an OFDM symbol. Nsymb OFDM symbols 101 form one slot 102, and two slots form one subframe 103. The length of a slot is 0.5 ms, and the length of a subframe is 1.0 ms. A radio frame 104 is a time-domain unit including 10 subframes. [0143] The BS may define a DMRS sequence set including available DMRS sequences and a data transformation set including data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequences may be generated in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 6. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7.The BS may transmit information about a plurality of defined DMRS sequences and information about a plurality of defined data transformation schemes to the UE through RRC signaling or a physical layer channel (810). [0144] Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830). [0190] A data symbol sequence s[n] generated by a data modulator (not shown) may pass through an S/P converter 1301. The length of the data symbol sequence s[n] is N. The transmitter may define a plurality of different data transformation schemes. [0191] To apply the data transformation scheme, the data symbol sequence output from the S/P converter 1301 may be input to an interleaver 1302. A used interleaving method may be implemented using a random NxN permutation matrix. The used random permutation matrix may be a matrix (interleaving matrix) in which each element is 0 or 1, and the sum of each row and the sum of each column are 1. [0192] The interleaved N-length data symbol sequence may be multiplied by a predetermined N-length sequence in a sequence multiplication processor 1303. [0195] In an embodiment, a data transformation index indicating the data transformation scheme applied to the signal selected by the signal selector 1307 may be transmitted to the UE through a physical layer channel or RRC signaling.).
Claim 6
With respect to claim 6, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 5 (see rejection above),
wherein the time interval includes: a slot, a subframe, or one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0073] minimum transmission unit in the time domain is an OFDM symbol. Nsymb OFDM symbols 101 form one slot 102, and two slots form one subframe 103. The length of a slot is 0.5 ms, and the length of a subframe is 1.0 ms. A radio frame 104 is a time-domain unit including 10 subframes. [0143] The BS may define a DMRS sequence set including available DMRS sequences and a data transformation set including data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequences may be generated in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 6. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7.The BS may transmit information about a plurality of defined DMRS sequences and information about a plurality of defined data transformation schemes to the UE through RRC signaling or a physical layer channel (810). [0144] Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830). [0190] A data symbol sequence s[n] generated by a data modulator (not shown) may pass through an S/P converter 1301. The length of the data symbol sequence s[n] is N. The transmitter may define a plurality of different data transformation schemes. [0191] To apply the data transformation scheme, the data symbol sequence output from the S/P converter 1301 may be input to an interleaver 1302. A used interleaving method may be implemented using a random NxN permutation matrix. The used random permutation matrix may be a matrix (interleaving matrix) in which each element is 0 or 1, and the sum of each row and the sum of each column are 1. [0192] The interleaved N-length data symbol sequence may be multiplied by a predetermined N-length sequence in a sequence multiplication processor 1303. [0195] In an embodiment, a data transformation index indicating the data transformation scheme applied to the signal selected by the signal selector 1307 may be transmitted to the UE through a physical layer channel or RRC signaling.)..
Claim 7
With respect to claim 7, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 1, (see rejection above)
wherein the input signal is interleaved via the frequency interleaver prior to an inverse fast Fourier transform (iFFT) operation ([0138] a data symbol sequence may be transformed through both interleaving and sequence multiplication. [0139] The transformed data symbol sequence may be subjected to IDFT.).
Claim 8
With respect to claim 8, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 1 (see rejection above),
wherein the frequency interleaver interleaves, in the frequency domain, at least one of: one or more bits, one or more resource elements, or one or more constellation symbols ([0073] basic unit of resources in the time-frequency domain is a resource element (RE) 106, which may be represented by an OFDM symbol index and a subcarrier index. [0128] The disclosure proposes a method of reducing a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) during OFDM-based transmission and reception on DL for wireless communication in a terahertz (THz) band. [0144] The BS may transform a data symbol sequence to be transmitted based on the plurality of data transformation schemes (820). Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving,).
Claim 10
With respect to claim 10, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 1 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the transmitter to: generate, using the input signal, a set of interleaved sequences associated with respective frequency interleavers of the set of frequency interleavers; and select the frequency interleaver from the set of frequency interleavers in association with the PAPR being a lowest PAPR among PAPRs associated with respective interleaved sequences of the set of interleaved sequences ([0144] The BS may select a preferred DMRS sequence and a preferred data transformation scheme among the plurality of DMRS sequences and the plurality of data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequence and data transformation scheme preferred by the BS may be a DMRS sequence and data transformation scheme that may minimize a PAPR. An embodiment of selecting a preferred DMRS sequence and a preferred data transformation scheme is given as follows. The BS may transform a data symbol sequence to be transmitted based on the plurality of data transformation schemes (820). Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830). [0146] The BS may measure the PAPR value of each of a plurality ofIDFT signals (840), and identify an IDFT signal having a lowest PAPR value according to the measurement result (850).).
Claim 11
With respect to claim 11, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 10 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors, to cause the transmitter to generate the set of interleaved sequences, are configured to cause the transmitter to: apply, for each interleaved sequence of the set of interleaved sequences, an inverse fast Fourier transform (iFFT) to only portions of that interleaved sequence that have been interleaved (([0144] The BS may select a preferred DMRS sequence and a preferred data transformation scheme among the plurality of DMRS sequences and the plurality of data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequence and data transformation scheme preferred by the BS may be a DMRS sequence and data transformation scheme that may minimize a PAPR. An embodiment of selecting a preferred DMRS sequence and a preferred data transformation scheme is given as follows. The BS may transform a data symbol sequence to be transmitted based on the plurality of data transformation schemes (820). Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform [inverse discrete Fourier transformation] IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830).).
Claim 12
Claim 12 recites limitations similar to claim 1 except that it is from the perspective of a receiver and additionally recites “A receiver for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories.” Park disclosed this in [0253]: FIG. 24 illustrates the structure of a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 24, the UE of the disclosure may include at least one processor 2410 and a transceiver 2420 including a receiver and a transmitter. The UE may include memory (not shown). The transceiver 2420 and the memory may be connected to the at least one processor 2410 so as to operate under the control of the processor.
Claim 13
With respect to claim 13, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 12 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the receiver to: communicate capability information indicating support for application of the set of frequency interleavers for the communication ([0262] FIG. 27 is a flowchart for determining whether to transform data and transmitting data to a BS by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure. [0263] If the measured PAPR is greater than PAPR_th, the UE may select an optimum data transformation index by performing full search for measuring the PAPRs of all data transformations as illustrated in FIG. 13 or using AI (2703). The UE may then transmit information indicating that data has been transformed in a control signal to the BS. For example, when data has been transformed, information indicating that the data has been transformed, such as Flag_Data_Transformation=True, may be included in a UL control signal and transmitted (2704). The UE may transmit a signal including a selected data transformation index or related information to the BS as a control channel or data signal through a control channel. [0275] the above embodiments may be implemented in combination.).
Claim 14
With respect to claim 14, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 13 (see rejection above),
wherein the capability information is associated with radio resource control signaling, uplink control information signaling, or downlink control information signaling ([0262] FIG. 27 is a flowchart for determining whether to transform data and transmitting data to a BS by a UE according to an embodiment of the disclosure. [0263] If the measured PAPR is greater than PAPR_th, the UE may select an optimum data transformation index by performing full search for measuring the PAPRs of all data transformations as illustrated in FIG. 13 or using AI (2703). The UE may then transmit information indicating that data has been transformed in a control signal to the BS. For example, when data has been transformed, information indicating that the data has been transformed, such as Flag_Data_Transformation=True, may be included in a UL control signal and transmitted (2704). The UE may transmit a signal including a selected data transformation index or related information to the BS as a control channel or data signal through a control channel. [0275] the above embodiments may be implemented in combination.).).
Claim 15
With respect to claim 15, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 12 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the receiver to: communicate an indication of the set of frequency interleavers ([0263] If the measured PAPR is greater than PAPR_th, the UE may select an optimum data transformation index by performing full search for measuring the PAPRs of all data transformations as illustrated in FIG. 13 or using AI (2703). The UE may then transmit information indicating that data has been transformed in a control signal to the BS… The UE may transmit a signal including a selected data transformation index or related information to the BS as a control channel or data signal through a control channel (2705). [0189] FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter for selecting a data transformation scheme according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The transmitter may be a transmitter of a BS or a UE. [0191] To apply the data transformation scheme, the data symbol sequence output from the S/P converter 1301 may be input to an interleaver 1302. A used interleaving method may be implemented using a random NxN permutation matrix..).
Claim 16
With respect to claim 16, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 15 (see rejection above),
wherein the indication of the set of frequency interleavers is associated with radio resource control signaling or downlink control information signaling ([0189] FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter for selecting a data transformation scheme according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The transmitter may be a transmitter of a BS or a UE. [0195] In an embodiment, a data transformation index indicating the data transformation scheme applied to the signal selected by the signal selector 1307 may be transmitted to the UE through a physical layer channel or RRC signaling.).
Claim 17
With respect to claim 17, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 12 (see rejection above),
wherein the indication of the frequency interleaver indicates that the frequency interleaver is to be applied for a time interval ([0011] The disclosure proposes a data transformation scheme and apparatus for [peak to average power ratio] PAPR reduction in an [orthogonal frequency division multiplexing] OFDM communication system. [0073] minimum transmission unit in the time domain is an OFDM symbol. Nsymb OFDM symbols 101 form one slot 102, and two slots form one subframe 103. The length of a slot is 0.5 ms, and the length of a subframe is 1.0 ms. A radio frame 104 is a time-domain unit including 10 subframes. [0143] The BS may define a DMRS sequence set including available DMRS sequences and a data transformation set including data transformation schemes. The DMRS sequences may be generated in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 6. The data transformation schemes may be determined in a similar manner to those described with reference to FIG. 7.The BS may transmit information about a plurality of defined DMRS sequences and information about a plurality of defined data transformation schemes to the UE through RRC signaling or a physical layer channel (810). [0144] Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving. [0145] The BS may generate multiplexed signals by multiplexing a plurality of data symbol sequences transformed using the plurality of data transformation schemes with the plurality of DMRS sequences, respectively, and perform IDFT on the multiplexed signals, respectively (830). [0190] A data symbol sequence s[n] generated by a data modulator (not shown) may pass through an S/P converter 1301. The length of the data symbol sequence s[n] is N. The transmitter may define a plurality of different data transformation schemes. [0191] To apply the data transformation scheme, the data symbol sequence output from the S/P converter 1301 may be input to an interleaver 1302. A used interleaving method may be implemented using a random NxN permutation matrix. The used random permutation matrix may be a matrix (interleaving matrix) in which each element is 0 or 1, and the sum of each row and the sum of each column are 1. [0192] The interleaved N-length data symbol sequence may be multiplied by a predetermined N-length sequence in a sequence multiplication processor 1303. [0195] In an embodiment, a data transformation index indicating the data transformation scheme applied to the signal selected by the signal selector 1307 may be transmitted to the UE through a physical layer channel or RRC signaling.).
Claim 18
With respect to claim 18, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 12 (see rejection above),
wherein the input signal is an input to an inverse fast Fourier transform (iFFT) component associated with generating a signal for the communication ([0138] a data symbol sequence may be transformed through both interleaving and sequence multiplication. [0139] The transformed data symbol sequence may be subjected to IDFT.).
Claim 19
With respect to claim 19, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 12 (see rejection above),
wherein the frequency interleaver interleaves, in the frequency domain, at least one of: one or more bits, one or more resource elements, or one or more constellation symbols ([0073] basic unit of resources in the time-frequency domain is a resource element (RE) 106, which may be represented by an OFDM symbol index and a subcarrier index. [0128] The disclosure proposes a method of reducing a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) during OFDM-based transmission and reception on DL for wireless communication in a terahertz (THz) band. [0144] The BS may transform a data symbol sequence to be transmitted based on the plurality of data transformation schemes (820). Each data transformation scheme for transforming the data symbol sequence may be similar to that described with reference to FIG. 7. According to an embodiment, the data transformation scheme may include interleaving,).
Claim 20
With respect to claim 20, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 12 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors, to cause the receiver to receive the communication, are configured to cause the receiver to: apply, to a signal associated with the communication, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to transform the signal to the frequency domain; and deinterleave, in accordance with the frequency interleaver, the signal in the frequency domain ([0128] The disclosure proposes a method of reducing a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) during OFDM-based transmission and reception. [0216] First, a description will be given of an operation of the receiver, when control information including a data transformation index indicating a data transformation scheme selected by the BS is not received through separate signaling. [0217] A CP remover 1601 performs CP removal and serial-to-parallel conversion on a signal y[n] received from the BS. An output signal of the CP remover 1601 is transformed into a frequency-domain signal (i.e., DFT) by an M-point DFT 1602, and the transformed signal is input to a data compensator 1603. The last M-N samples may be a zero padding and removed. The data compensator 1603 compensates for channel distortion of a data signal included in the received signal. The compensated signal may be IDFT-processed by an N-point IDFT 1604. The IDFT signal may be inversely transformed through a sequence multiplication processor 1605 and a deinterleaver 1606. [0218] The deinterleaver 1606 may identify a plurality of permutation matrices for deinterleaving from the plurality of data transformation schemes included in the data transformation set. The deinterleaver 1606 deinterleaves data signals which have been subjected to sequence multiplication, using the identified plurality of permutation matrices for deinterleaving.).
Claim 22
Claim 22 recites limitations similar to claim 1 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
Claim 23
Claim 23 recites limitations similar to claim 2 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
Claim 24
Claim 24 recites limitations similar to claim 4 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
Claim 25
Claim 25 recites limitations similar to claim 5 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
Claim 26
Claim 26 recites limitations similar to claim 7 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
Claim 27
Claim 27 recites limitations similar to claim 10 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
Claim 28
Claim 28 recites limitations similar to claim 12 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
Claim 29
Claim 29 recites limitations similar to claim 20 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
CLAIM REJECTIONS — 35 U.S.C. 103
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
35 U.S.C. 103 Conditions for patentability; non-obvious subject matter.
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows:
1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art.
2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue.
3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art.
4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness.
CLAIM 9
Claim 9 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Park (US 2024/0073077 A1) in view of Sen (US 20210044384 A1).
Claim 9
With respect to claim 9, Park disclosed:
The transmitter of claim 8 (see rejection above).
Park fail to explicitly teach “wherein the one or more resource elements are associated with different code blocks” as recited in claim 9.
With respect to claim 9, Sen taught:
wherein the one or more resource elements are associated with different code blocks (Seb [Abstract] A base station maps code blocks of a transport block of a transport block size (TBS) for a channel using tone-level interleaving or resource element (RE)-level interleaving. Then, the base station can transmit the code blocks of the transport block of the TBS for the channel. A UE may receive the channel from the base station and de-interleave the received tones of the channel in a frequency domain to obtain the code blocks of the transport block having the TBS for the channel. [0020] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a row-column interleaved tone mapping of code blocks in accordance with some aspects of the presented disclosure. [0079] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a row-column interleaved tone mapping 700 of code blocks. The mapped indices in FIG. 7 correspond to a column-wise reading of the example matrix illustrated in FIG. 6 (e.g., and/or as stored in memory, as described). As an example, reading along the first column in the matrix 600 of FIG. 6, tone index 0 of code block 612 is mapped to subcarrier 0 in FIG. 7. The next tone index in the column of matrix 600 is N.sub.CB of code block 614 and is mapped to subcarrier 1 in FIG. 7. The next tone index in the column of matrix 600 is 2N.sub.CB of code block 616 and is mapped to subcarrier 2 in FIG. 7. The pattern continues for any number of code blocks, until the tone index 3N.sub.CB of code block 618 is mapped to a subcarrier 3. After the tone indices of the first column of the matrix 600 are mapped to the subcarriers of the system bandwidth, the tone indices of the second column of the matrix 600 are mapped to the subcarriers. The pattern continues until each of the columns of tone indices are mapped to the subcarriers. As illustrated, the tones of the individual code blocks, for example, the code blocks 612, 614, 616, and 618, are mapped to subcarriers (or tones or REs) that are spread across the system bandwidth. The increase in frequency diversity for the code blocks may help to improve channel performance of the channel being mapped using the row-column interleaving.)
The Examiner finds that it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains to modify Park’s communication system using interleaving to implement Sen’s RE-level interleaved code blocks with their motivation being to improve system performance of the channel, including increasing frequency diversity, which may improve accurate reception of the code blocks by UEs, as described in Sen [0034], [0075], and [0087].
CLAIMS 21 & 30
Claims 21 and 30 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Park (US 2024/0073077 A1) in view of Asa (US 2014/0321575 A1).
Claim 21
With respect to claim 21, Park disclosed:
The receiver of claim 20 (see rejection above),
wherein the one or more processors, to cause the receiver to deinterleave the signal in the frequency domain, are configured to cause the receiver to: deinterleave the signal in the frequency domain (see rejection of claim 20 above).
Park did not identically disclose that the receiver deinterleaves “prior to performance of a log-likelihood ratio generation operation,” as recited in claim 21.
With respect to claim 21, Asa taught:
deinterleave prior to performance of a log-likelihood ratio generation operation ([0024] performing first deinterleaving by deinterleaving the isolation signal in a frequency domain and between receive antennas; calculating a noise variance of the OFDM signal; performing second deinterleaving by deinterleaving the noise variance in the frequency domain and between receive antennas; calculating a likelihood ratio using the isolation signal deinterleaved in the first deinterleaving step and the noise variance deinterleaved in the second deinterleaving step. [0148] The MIMO detection unit 24 then performs waveform equalization and isolation on the received OFDM signal using the channel response to generate an isolation signal (step S203). The first frequency/polarized wave deinterleaving unit 25 or the first frequency/polarized wave/channel deinterleaving unit 32 then deinterleaves the isolation signal in the frequency domain and between polarized waves (between receive antennas) (step S204). Next, the noise variance calculation unit 26 calculates the noise variance a2 from the polarized wave signals (step S205), and the second frequency/polarized wave deinterleaving unit 27 or the second frequency/polarized wave/channel deinterleaving unit 33 deinterleaves the noise variance o2 in the frequency domain and between polarized waves (between receive antennas) (step S206). [0149] Subsequently, the likelihood ratio calculation unit 28 calculates a likelihood ratio A using the data deinterleaved in step S204 and the noise variance o2 deinterleaved in step S206 (step S207). Next, the time deinterleaving unit 29 time deinterleaves the likelihood ratio A (step S208), and the bit deinterleaving unit 3 0 bit deinterleaves the time deinterleaved likelihood ratio A (step S209).).
The Examiner finds that it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains to modify Park’s communication system using interleaving and deinterleaving to implement Asa’s technique of deinterleaving before calculating the likelihood ratio, thereby achieving the receiver of claim 21, with the motivation being to improve bit error rate characteristics by interleaving between polarized waves, such that coverage area can be expanded and reception can be stabilized, as described in Asa [0025]. Park also implements MIMO communication techniques (see Park [0060]) and so would also benefit from Asa’s improvement to MIMO communication.
Claim 30
Claim 30 recites limitations similar to claim 21 and is rejected by the same reasoning.
PERTINENT RESPONSE TO ARGUMENTS
Applicant’s arguments filed 2/18/2026 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive.
On page 11 Applicant argued: “as discussed during the interview, PARK does not disclose "wherein the indication of the frequency interleaver comprises an index of the frequency interleaver" or "the interleaved sequence is associated with an input signal that is interleaved via the frequency interleaver when the input signal is in a frequency domain," as recited in amended claim 1.”
Amendments regarding the “index” were discussed in the interview. However, the Examiner notes that the Interview Summary states: “The index was discussed with respect to paragraph [0111] as well as paragraph [0038] which further describes the advantages of the invention. The Examiner questioned how the proposed "index of the selected frequency interleaver" corresponded to the already claimed "indication of a frequency interleaver" and "index of the interleaved sequence."” Upon further review, the Examiner’s interpretation is that the claimed “index of the frequency interleaver” is similar to the previously claimed, now deleted, “index of the interleaved sequence.”
As discussed in the rejection above, the Examiner find Park taught the indication of the frequency interleaver comprises an index of the frequency interleaver (i.e., the data transformation scheme includes interleaving and control information including a data transformation index indicating the selected data transformation scheme and information about a DMRS sequence index indicating the selected DMRS sequence is transmitted to the UE).
CONCLUSION
Applicant's amendment necessitated the new grounds of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a).
A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any extension fee pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the date of this final action.
Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Christopher Davis whose telephone number is 703-756-1832. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Fri from 11AM to 7PM ET. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Ayaz Sheikh, can be reached at telephone number 571-272-3795. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
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/C.R.D./
Examiner, Art Unit 2476
/AYAZ R SHEIKH/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2476
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