DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Continuation Data
2. This application claims Provisional application 63/424,545, filed November 11, 2022.
Information Disclosure Statement
3. The Information Disclosure Statements filed on December 8, 2023, March 29, 2024, and May 1, 2024 have been considered. Initialed copies of the Form 1449 are enclosed herewith.
Claim Objections
4. Claims 1, 7, 10, 14, 22, 25, 26, 33, and 41, are objected to because of the following informalities:
Re claim 1, line 22: replace, “actable” with --actuatable--.
Re claim 14, line 1: replace, “wherein in” with --wherein--.
Re claims 22 and 25, line 1: replace, “was” with --is--.
Re claim 26, line 25 and 27: replace, “transistor in a” with --transistor is in a--.
Re claim 41, line 24: replace, “a duration at least 9 seconds” to --a duration of at least 9 second--.
For purposes of consistency:
Re claim 7, line 3: replace, “super capacitor” with --supercapacitor--.
Re claim 10, line 2: replace, “second” with --secondary--.
Re claim 33, line 2: replace, “second” with --secondary--.
Appropriate correction is required.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112
5. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b):
(b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention.
6. Claims 1-43 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b), second paragraph, as failing to set forth the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor, or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant regards as the invention.
7. The term “safe” in claims 1 and 41 is a relative term which renders the claim indefinite. The term “safe” is not defined by the claim, the specification does not provide a standard for ascertaining the requisite degree, and one of ordinary skill in the art would not be reasonably apprised of the scope of the invention. Specifically, the limitation, “a base biasing resistor being configured to ensure the base of the transistor receives safe current” recites the relative term “safe”. The specification mentions the term “safe current”, however does not define safe.
Conclusion
8. The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant’s disclosure: See attached PTO form 892, Refence Cited.
9. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Allyson N. Trail whose telephone number is (571) 272-2406. The examiner can normally be reached between the hours of 7:30AM to 4:00PM Monday thru Friday.
If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Thomas Pham, can be reached on (571) 272-3689. The fax phone number for this Group is (571) 273-8300.
Communications via Internet e-mail regarding this application, other than those under 35 U.S.C. 132 or which otherwise require a signature, may be used by the applicant and should be addressed to [allyson.trail@uspto.gov].
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Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) Form at https://www.uspto.gov/patents/uspto-automated- interview-request-air-form.
/ALLYSON N TRAIL/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2876
July 17, 2026
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