Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/516,585

Crystalline Polymorphs of a Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist

Non-Final OA §112§DP
Filed
Nov 21, 2023
Examiner
JARRELL, NOBLE E
Art Unit
1699
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
Nsc Therapeutics GmbH
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
81%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 2m
To Grant
90%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 81% — above average
81%
Career Allow Rate
824 granted / 1014 resolved
+21.3% vs TC avg
Moderate +9% lift
Without
With
+8.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 2m
Avg Prosecution
56 currently pending
Career history
1070
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.1%
-38.9% vs TC avg
§103
16.0%
-24.0% vs TC avg
§102
20.9%
-19.1% vs TC avg
§112
41.9%
+1.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1014 resolved cases

Office Action

§112 §DP
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 Claims 16-35 filed 2024 March 6 are examined on the merits. Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on 2024 March 6 was submitted in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is considered by the examiner. Specification The disclosure is objected to because of the following informalities: In the “Cross-Reference to Related Applications” section, the issued status of parent application 17 / 130564 should be noted. The example of the change is shown below: CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation application of U.S. Patent Application No. 17/130,564 filed on December 22, 2020, which is a divisional application of 16/338,930 filed on April 2, 2019 and issued as U.S. Patent No. 11,008,342 on May 18, 2021, which is a National Stage Application under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2017/075373 filed on October 5, 2017, which claims priority to European Patent Application No. EP 16192494.9 filed on October 5, 2016, the entirety of each of which is incorporated herein by reference. to -- CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation application of U.S. Patent Application No. 17/130,564 filed on December 22, 2020, issued as US 11866449 on January 9, 2024, which is a divisional application of 16/338,930 filed on April 2, 2019 and issued as U.S. Patent No. 11,008,342 on May 18, 2021, which is a National Stage Application under 35 U.S.C. 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2017/075373 filed on October 5, 2017, which claims priority to European Patent Application No. EP 16192494.9 filed on October 5, 2016, the entirety of each of which is incorporated herein by reference. -- Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 26, 27, 31, and 32 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. In claims 26 and 27, the peaks that are not present have unclear metes and bounds due to the definition (specification, page 11, to page 12, first paragraph. The term “substantially” is defined as ±>10%. The table below shows the range values for the peaks in claim 27. Claim 26 2Θ Peak “Substantially” Range ±>10% 10.8 0-9.72 2Θ and 11.88-21.6 2Θ 11.9 0-10.71 2Θ and 13.09-23.8 2Θ These ranges exclude each of the required peaks in parent claim 20. The table below shows the range values for the peaks in claim 27. Claim 27 2Θ Peak “Substantially” Range ±>10% 17.9 ± 0.2Θ 0-16.11 ± 0.2Θ and 19.69-35.8 ± 0.2Θ 24.9 ± 0.2Θ 0-22.41 ± 0.2Θ and 27.39-49.8 ± 0.2Θ 29.3 ± 0.2Θ 0-26.37 ± 0.2Θ and 32.23-58.6 ± 0.2Θ 30.8 ± 0.2Θ 0-27.72 ± 0.2Θ and 33.88-61.6 ± 0.2Θ These ranges exclude the required peaks in claim 20. Due the broad ranges that are encompassed by the definition of the term “substantially”, the excluded peaks that are not present are unclear. In claim 31, what is the property of the crystalline polymorph of (S)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1-thia- 4,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one monohydrate when the relative humidity is 7.0%<x<8.0% in which variable x is the relative humidity percentage? Does it dehydrate or does it not substantially adsorb water? Claim 32 is dependent on claim 1, which is cancelled. Consequently the process of claim 1 has unclear metes and bounds and the product of claim 32 has unclear metes and bounds. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(d): (d) REFERENCE IN DEPENDENT FORMS.—Subject to subsection (e), a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, fourth paragraph: Subject to the following paragraph [i.e., the fifth paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112], a claim in dependent form shall contain a reference to a claim previously set forth and then specify a further limitation of the subject matter claimed. A claim in dependent form shall be construed to incorporate by reference all the limitations of the claim to which it refers. Claims 26 and 27 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(d) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 4th paragraph, as being of improper dependent form for failing to further limit the subject matter of the claim upon which it depends, or for failing to include all the limitations of the claim upon which it depends. In claims 26 and 27, the peaks that are not present have unclear metes and bounds due to the definition (specification, page 11, to page 12, first paragraph. The term “substantially” is defined as ±>10%. The table below shows the range values for the peaks in claim 27. Claim 26 2Θ Peak “Substantially” Range ±>10% 10.8 0-9.72 2Θ and 11.88-21.6 2Θ 11.9 0-10.71 2Θ and 13.09-23.8 2Θ These ranges exclude each of the required peaks in parent claim 20. The table below shows the range values for the peaks in claim 27. Claim 27 2Θ Peak “Substantially” Range ±>10% 17.9 ± 0.2Θ 0-16.11 ± 0.2Θ and 19.69-35.8 ± 0.2Θ 24.9 ± 0.2Θ 0-22.41 ± 0.2Θ and 27.39-49.8 ± 0.2Θ 29.3 ± 0.2Θ 0-26.37 ± 0.2Θ and 32.23-58.6 ± 0.2Θ 30.8 ± 0.2Θ 0-27.72 ± 0.2Θ and 33.88-61.6 ± 0.2Θ These ranges exclude the required peaks in claim 20. Based on this analysis, claims 26 and 27 are not further limiting of parent claim 26 because the definition of the term “substantially” excludes the required peaks in claim 20. Applicant may cancel the claim(s), amend the claim(s) to place the claim(s) in proper dependent form, rewrite the claim(s) in independent form, or present a sufficient showing that the dependent claim(s) complies with the statutory requirements. Double Patenting A rejection based on double patenting of the “same invention” type finds its support in the language of 35 U.S.C. 101 which states that “whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process... may obtain a patent therefor...” (Emphasis added). Thus, the term “same invention,” in this context, means an invention drawn to identical subject matter. See Miller v. Eagle Mfg. Co., 151 U.S. 186 (1894); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); In re Ockert, 245 F.2d 467, 114 USPQ 330 (CCPA 1957). The nonstatutory double patenting rejection is based on a judicially created doctrine grounded in public policy (a policy reflected in the statute) so as to prevent the unjustified or improper timewise extension of the “right to exclude” granted by a patent and to prevent possible harassment by multiple assignees. A nonstatutory double patenting rejection is appropriate where the conflicting claims are not identical, but at least one examined application claim is not patentably distinct from the reference claim(s) because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious over, the reference claim(s). See, e.g., In re Berg, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Longi, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 (Fed. Cir. 1985); In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 761 (CCPA 1982); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ 644 (CCPA 1969). A timely filed terminal disclaimer in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(c) or 1.321(d) may be used to overcome an actual or provisional rejection based on nonstatutory double patenting provided the reference application or patent either is shown to be commonly owned with the examined application, or claims an invention made as a result of activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement. See MPEP § 717.02 for applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as explained in MPEP § 2159. See MPEP § 2146 et seq. for applications not subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . A terminal disclaimer must be signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(b). The filing of a terminal disclaimer by itself is not a complete reply to a nonstatutory double patenting (NSDP) rejection. A complete reply requires that the terminal disclaimer be accompanied by a reply requesting reconsideration of the prior Office action. Even where the NSDP rejection is provisional the reply must be complete. See MPEP § 804, subsection I.B.1. For a reply to a non-final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.111(a). For a reply to final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.113(c). A request for reconsideration while not provided for in 37 CFR 1.113(c) may be filed after final for consideration. See MPEP §§ 706.07(e) and 714.13. The USPTO Internet website contains terminal disclaimer forms which may be used. Please visit www.uspto.gov/patent/patents-forms. The actual filing date of the application in which the form is filed determines what form (e.g., PTO/SB/25, PTO/SB/26, PTO/AIA /25, or PTO/AIA /26) should be used. A web-based eTerminal Disclaimer may be filled out completely online using web-screens. An eTerminal Disclaimer that meets all requirements is auto-processed and approved immediately upon submission. For more information about eTerminal Disclaimers, refer to www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/applying-online/eterminal-disclaimer. Claims 32-35 are rejected on the ground of nonstatutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 1-5 and 12 of U.S. Patent No. 11008342. Although the claims at issue are not identical, they are not patentably distinct from each other because the monohydrate of the same compound and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same are recited in examined claims 32-35. Monohydrate form III and I of US 11800342 share common XRPD 2-theta values 12.3, 17.3 and 17.5 Claims 1-5 do not recite water content limits and the type of hydrate. Therefore monohydrate form I or III can have either property recited in examined claims 33 and 34. Claims 35 is rejected on the ground of nonstatutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 10 and 11 of U.S. Patent No. 11866449. Although the claims at issue are not identical, they are not patentably distinct from each other because an oral capsule containing a monohydrate of the same compound of examined claim 35. Monohydrate form III of US 11866449 shares common XRPD 2-theta values 12.3, 17.3 and 17.5. Even though claim 10 does not explicitly state that form III is a monohydrate, form III is a monohydrate (column 10, lines 10-35). Allowable Subject Matter Claims 16-25 and 28-30 are allowed. Claims 26, 27, 31-35 are not allowable. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: BURNS (WO 2010/051497, published 2010 May 6) describes compound C0119M (page 45). This compound does not anticipate or render obvious due to at least three differences: NH (prior art) versus N-Me (examined claim 16); N-S(O)2-phenyl-p--[C(O)-Me] versus S; CH(methylene-imidazole) versus CH(ethyl); and compound C0119M is not a hydrate. PNG media_image1.png 202 204 media_image1.png Greyscale Compound of Prior Art PNG media_image2.png 184 132 media_image2.png Greyscale Compound of Examined Claim 16 Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to NOBLE E JARRELL whose telephone number is (571)272-9077. The examiner can normally be reached 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Fereydoun Sajjadi can be reached at 571-272-3311. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /NOBLE E JARRELL/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1699
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Prosecution Timeline

Nov 21, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 31, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §112, §DP (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
81%
Grant Probability
90%
With Interview (+8.7%)
3y 2m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1014 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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