Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/534,918

FLOATING WIND POWER GENERATION SYSTEM USING SAILING SHIP

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Dec 11, 2023
Examiner
OLSON, LARS A
Art Unit
3615
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
82%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 1m
To Grant
96%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 82% — above average
82%
Career Allow Rate
1555 granted / 1896 resolved
+30.0% vs TC avg
Moderate +14% lift
Without
With
+14.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Fast prosecutor
2y 1m
Avg Prosecution
34 currently pending
Career history
1930
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
37.7%
-2.3% vs TC avg
§102
30.1%
-9.9% vs TC avg
§112
23.2%
-16.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1896 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Drawings The drawings were received on December 11, 2023. These drawings are acceptable. Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on December 11, 2023 is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-5 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Grenier (US 6,918,346) in view of Sebald (US 4,102,291). Grenier discloses a marine craft that is towed by a kite, as shown in Figures 1A-24, which is comprised of a craft, defined as Part #1, with a floating body or hull, defined as Part #2, an auxiliary mast, defined as Part #42, for a sail, a kite or canopy, defined as Part #12, that is connected to said floating body or hull by a tether, defined as Part M, P, Q and L, that is attached to a reel, defined as Part #60M, 60P, 60Q and 60L, as shown in Figure 8A, a lateral force generating unit in the form of a leeboard or keel, defined as Part #4, that inherently generates a lateral force in a direction that is substantially orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of said floating body or hull, as shown in Figure 1A, a steering device, defined as Part #6, that controls a direction of a bow of said hull, as shown in Figure 1A, and a control unit that controls an angle of said steering device, as shown in Figure 1A. Said lateral force generating unit includes a plate member or keel in the form of said leeboard that is attached to a bottom surface of said hull, as shown in Figure 4. By inherently generating a lateral force in a direction that is substantially orthogonal to said longitudinal direction of said hull, a tension in said tether that connects said kite to said craft is inherently reduced. Grenier, as set forth above, discloses all of the features claimed except for the use of a sail that is attached to said auxiliary mast. Sebald discloses a sailboat, as shown in Figures 1-5, which is comprised of a hull, defined as Part #1, a mast, as shown in Figure 1, a sail that is attached to said mast, as shown in Figure 1, a leeboard or keel that is attached to a bottom surface of said hull, as shown in Figure 1, a steering device in the form of a rudder, as shown in Figure 1, and a control unit that controls an angle of said steering device, as shown in Figure 1. Therefore, it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to one of ordinary skill in the art, to utilize a sail that is attached to a mast of a marine craft, as taught by Sebald, in combination with the marine craft as disclosed by Grenier for the purpose of providing a marine craft having a sail and a kite with means to generate a lateral force in order to reduce tension on said kite. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to LARS A OLSON whose telephone number is (571) 272-6685. The examiner can normally be reached Monday to Friday 8:00am - 4:00pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, MARC JIMENEZ can be reached at 571-272-4530. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. March 6, 2026 /LARS A OLSON/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3615B
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Prosecution Timeline

Dec 11, 2023
Application Filed
Mar 06, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12600444
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE TRIM OF A TRANSPORT SHIP WITHOUT SEAWATER BALLAST
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12600441
THRUSTER CONDUIT ASSEMBLIES
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12589835
BUOYANCY SUPPLEMENT
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12583559
Watercraft Portage Apparatus and Method of Use
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12583556
SELF-DRAINING SCUPPER
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
82%
Grant Probability
96%
With Interview (+14.2%)
2y 1m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1896 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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