Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/538,347

METHODS, APPARATUSES, AND SYSTEMS FOR RESERVING CHANNEL ACCESS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Dec 13, 2023
Examiner
ZUNIGA ABAD, JACKIE
Art Unit
2469
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Comcast Cable Communications LLC
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 5m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
553 granted / 727 resolved
+18.1% vs TC avg
Strong +24% interview lift
Without
With
+23.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 5m
Avg Prosecution
37 currently pending
Career history
764
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
5.7%
-34.3% vs TC avg
§103
51.9%
+11.9% vs TC avg
§102
24.0%
-16.0% vs TC avg
§112
8.8%
-31.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 727 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Claims 1-20 are presented for examination. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on 08/13/2025 is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner. Drawings The drawings were received on 12/13/2023. These drawings are acceptable. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Yang et al., (hereinafter Yang), U.S. Publication No. 2023/0363000. As per claim 1, Yang discloses a method comprising: sending, by a first device and to a second device, a first message requesting access to a communication channel [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0008, 0031, 0223, 0224, 0240, 0315, sending, by a first device and to a second device, a first message requesting access to a communication channel (RTS frame may carry information, a remaining time resource of the TXOP, and duration of the first time resource allocated; the first device may allocate the first time resource from an obtained transmission opportunity TXOP to the second device by using a single-user trigger frame; obtain permission to use a channel through contention)]; receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a second message granting permission to access the communication channel for an extended transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0008, 0031, 0045, 0046, 0058, 0221-0223, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a second message granting permission to access the communication channel for an extended transmission opportunity window (the first device may withdraw/recover the permission to use the TXOP in advance based on the first frame received from the second device; STA needs to reply a clear to send (CTS) frame; the first device from an obtained transmission opportunity TXOP to the second device; after obtaining a TXOP, an AP may allocate a portion or all of remaining time resources in the TXOP to a specified STA by using a single-user trigger frame (for example, a RTS frame))] comprising: a first time portion configured for communications corresponding to the first message [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0221-0224, a first time portion configured for communications corresponding to the first message (in the allocated first time resource, the STA 1 may send a SU PPDU to a STA 2, and the STA 2 may send a block acknowledgment (BA) frame of the SU PPDU to the STA 1)], and a second time portion configured for communications during a remaining time portion upon completion of the communications corresponding to the first message [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0221-0224, 0231, 0232, 0250, 0268, 0354, a second time portion configured for communications during a remaining time portion upon completion of the communications corresponding to the first message (carry information indicating remaining duration of the TXOP; a remaining time period (for example, a time period from t1 to t2))]; and receiving, by the first device and from the second device via the communication channel, data during the first time portion of the extended transmission opportunity window [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0070, 0221-0224, 0250, 0251, 0280, 0283, receiving, by the first device and from the second device via the communication channel, data during the first time portion of the extended transmission opportunity window (STA 1 may first send the CTS frame in the allocated first time resource, send the SU PPDU to the STA 2, and then receive a BA frame that is of the SU PPDU; a second device (a STA 1) sends an SU PPDU to a SU PPDU receiver (a STA 2) in a first time resource; the STA 1 determines that the duration T′ is greater than T)]. As per claim 2, Yang discloses the method of claim 1, wherein the first message comprises a request to send (RTS) message, and the second message comprises a clear to send (CTS) message [fig. 2a-2c, paragraphs 0221-0223, 0244, 0250, a request to send (RTS) message, and the second message comprises a clear to send (CTS) message (the RTS frame further carries information that the specified STA needs to reply a CTS frame, after receiving the RTS frame, the STA 1 needs to first send one CTS frame, and then send the SU PPDU)]. As per claim 3, Yang discloses the method of claim 1, further comprising: sending, by the first device and to the second device, during the remaining time portion, a third message requesting access to the communication channel upon expiration of the extended transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0031, 0221-0224, 0251, 0259, 0280, 0294, sending, by the first device and to the second device, during the remaining time portion, a third message requesting access to the communication channel upon expiration of the extended transmission opportunity window (duration T′ between the end moment of receiving the second frame and the end moment of the first time resource, to determine whether to recover the permission to use the TXOP; recovering permission to use a transmission opportunity)]. As per claim 4, Yang discloses the method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the first device and from the second device, during the first time portion an acknowledgement (ACK) message indicating receipt of the data by the second device [paragraphs 0058, 0084, 0221-0223, 0245, 0278, 0301, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, during the first time portion an acknowledgement (ACK) message indicating receipt of the data by the second device (the STA 1 successfully receives a BA frame sent by the STA 2; the BA frame is enhanced to indicate the first device to actively recover the permission to use the TXOP)]. As per claim 5, Yang discloses the method of claim 1, wherein the first message is a broadcast message [paragraph 0274, wherein the first message is a broadcast message (a communication manner between devices is broadcast)]. As per claim 6, Yang discloses the method of claim 1, wherein the second message is a broadcast message [paragraph 0274, wherein the second message is a broadcast message (a communication manner between devices is broadcast)]. As per claim 7, Yang discloses the method of claim 1, wherein the first device comprises a wireless station, and the second device comprises an access point [fig. 2a-2c, paragraphs 0213, 0216, 0221-0224, wherein the first device comprises a wireless station, and the second device comprises an access point (communication between an AP and one or more STAs; the STA communicates with another STA or the AP in an allocated time resource)]. As per claim 8, Yang discloses the method of claim 1, wherein the first device comprises at least one of a gaming device or an augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) device [paragraphs 0216, at least one of a gaming device or an augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) device (a device (such as an access point or a station) that supports WLAN communication may be an entertainment terminal (for example, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR), virtual reality (VR), or another wearable device))]. As per claim 9, Yang discloses a method comprising: sending, by a first device and to a second device, a request to send (RTS) message requesting access to a communication channel [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0008, 0031, 0223, 0224, 0240, 0315, sending, by a first device and to a second device, a request to send (RTS) message requesting access to a communication channel (RTS frame may carry information, a remaining time resource of the TXOP, and duration of the first time resource allocated; the first device may allocate the first time resource from an obtained transmission opportunity TXOP to the second device by using a single-user trigger frame; obtain permission to use a channel through contention)]; receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a clear to send (CTS) message granting access to the communication channel for a transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0008, 0031, 0045, 0046, 0058, 0221-0223, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a clear to send (CTS) message granting access to the communication channel for a transmission opportunity window (the first device may withdraw/recover the permission to use the TXOP in advance based on the first frame received from the second device; STA needs to reply a clear to send (CTS) frame; the first device from an obtained transmission opportunity TXOP to the second device; after obtaining a TXOP, an AP may allocate a portion or all of remaining time resources in the TXOP to a specified STA by using a single-user trigger frame (for example, a RTS frame))]; sending, by the first device and to the second device, data during the transmission opportunity window [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0221-0224, sending, by the first device and to the second device, data during the transmission opportunity window (in the allocated first time resource, the STA 1 may send a SU PPDU to a STA 2, and the STA 2 may send a block acknowledgment (BA) frame of the SU PPDU to the STA 1)], and receiving, by the first device and from the second device, an acknowledgement (ACK) message indicating receipt of the data [paragraphs 0058, 0084, 0221-0223, 0245, 0278, 0301, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, an acknowledgement (ACK) message indicating receipt of the data (the STA 1 successfully receives a BA frame sent by the STA 2; the BA frame is enhanced to indicate the first device to actively recover the permission to use the TXOP)], wherein the ACK message is received prior to initiation of a reserved time portion remaining within the transmission opportunity window [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0221-0224, 0231, 0232, 0250, 0268, 0354, wherein the ACK message is received prior to initiation of a reserved time portion remaining within the transmission opportunity window (carry information indicating remaining duration of the TXOP; a remaining time period (for example, a time period from t1 to t2))]. As per claim 10, Yang discloses the method of claim 9, further comprising: receiving, by the first device and from the second device, during the reserved time portion of the transmission opportunity window, a second RTS message requesting access to the communication channel [paragraphs 0031, 0221-0224, 0251, 0259, 0280, 0294, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, during the reserved time portion of the transmission opportunity window, a second RTS message requesting access to the communication channel (duration T′ between the end moment of receiving the second frame and the end moment of the first time resource, to determine whether to recover the permission to use the TXOP; recovering permission to use a transmission opportunity)]. As per claim 11, Yang discloses the method of claim 9, further comprising: sending, by the first device and to the second device, during the reserved time portion of the transmission opportunity window, a second CTS message granting access to the communication channel for a second transmission opportunity window and upon expiration of the transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0031, 0221-0224, 0251, 0259, 0280, 0294, sending, by the first device and to the second device, during the reserved time portion of the transmission opportunity window, a second CTS message granting access to the communication channel for a second transmission opportunity window and upon expiration of the transmission opportunity window (duration T′ between the end moment of receiving the second frame and the end moment of the first time resource, to determine whether to recover the permission to use the TXOP; recovering permission to use a transmission opportunity)]. As per claim 12, Yang discloses the method of claim 11, further comprising: receiving, by the first device and from the second device, second data during the second transmission opportunity window [fig. 2a-2c, 9, paragraphs 0237, 0242, 0244, 0257, 0275, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, second data during the second transmission opportunity window (the second frame may be an SU PPDU that is sent by the second device to the first device; it indicates that the PPDU carrying the frame is followed by the another PPDU)]. As per claim 13, Yang discloses the method of claim 9, wherein the first device comprises a wireless station, and the second device comprises an access point [fig. 2a-2c, paragraphs 0213, 0216, 0221-0224, wherein the first device comprises a wireless station, and the second device comprises an access point (communication between an AP and one or more STAs; the STA communicates with another STA or the AP in an allocated time resource)]. As per claim 14, Yang discloses the method of claim 9, wherein the second device initiates a contention process during the reserved time portion remaining within the transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0005, 0009, 0046, 0224, wherein the second device initiates a contention process during the reserved time portion remaining within the transmission opportunity window (the remaining duration causes a waste of a channel resource, and may allow another station to obtain permission to use a channel through contention)]. As per claim 15, Yang discloses the method of claim 9, wherein the first device comprises at least one of a gaming device or an augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) device [paragraphs 0216, at least one of a gaming device or an augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) device (a device (such as an access point or a station) that supports WLAN communication may be an entertainment terminal (for example, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR), virtual reality (VR), or another wearable device))]. As per claim 16, Yang discloses a method comprising: sending, by a first device and to a second device, a first request to send (RTS) message requesting access to a communication channel [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0008, 0031, 0223, 0224, 0240, 0315, sending, by a first device and to a second device, a first message requesting access to a communication channel (RTS frame may carry information, a remaining time resource of the TXOP, and duration of the first time resource allocated; the first device may allocate the first time resource from an obtained transmission opportunity TXOP to the second device by using a single-user trigger frame; obtain permission to use a channel through contention)]; receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a first clear to send (CTS) message granting access to the communication channel for a first transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0008, 0031, 0045, 0046, 0058, 0221-0223, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a first clear to send (CTS) message granting access to the communication channel for a first transmission opportunity window (the first device may withdraw/recover the permission to use the TXOP in advance based on the first frame received from the second device; STA needs to reply a clear to send (CTS) frame; the first device from an obtained transmission opportunity TXOP to the second device; after obtaining a TXOP, an AP may allocate a portion or all of remaining time resources in the TXOP to a specified STA by using a single-user trigger frame (for example, a RTS frame))]; and receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a second RTS message during the first transmission opportunity window to gain access to the communication channel upon expiration of the first transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0031, 0221-0224, 0251, 0259, 0280, 0294, receiving, by the first device and from the second device, a second RTS message during the first transmission opportunity window to gain access to the communication channel upon expiration of the first transmission opportunity window (duration T′ between the end moment of receiving the second frame and the end moment of the first time resource, to determine whether to recover the permission to use the TXOP; recovering permission to use a transmission opportunity)]. As per claim 17, Yang discloses the method of claim 16, further comprising: sending, by the first device and to the second device, a second CTS message granting access to the communication channel for a second transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0031, 0221-0224, 0251, 0259, 0280, 0294, sending, by the first device and to the second device, a second CTS message granting access to the communication channel for a second transmission opportunity window (duration T′ between the end moment of receiving the second frame and the end moment of the first time resource, to determine whether to recover the permission to use the TXOP; recovering permission to use a transmission opportunity)]. As per claim 18, Yang discloses the method of claim 17, wherein the second CTS message is received during the first transmission opportunity window [paragraphs 0031, 0222, 0223, 0273, 0274, 0290, wherein the second CTS message is received during the first transmission opportunity window (requires the STA 1 to reply the CTS frame before sending the SU PPDU)]. As per claim 19, Yang discloses the method of claim 17, further comprising: receiving, by the first device via the communication channel and from the second device, data during the first transmission opportunity window and the second transmission opportunity window [fig. 2b, 2c, paragraphs 0031, 0221, 0223, 0231, receiving, by the first device via the communication channel and from the second device, data during the first transmission opportunity window and the second transmission opportunity window (an AP may allocate a portion or all of remaining time resources; the first device may use a portion of time resources)]. As per claim 20, Yang discloses the method of claim 16, wherein the first device comprises a wireless station, and the second device comprises an access point [fig. 2a-2c, paragraphs 0213, 0216, 0221-0224, wherein the first device comprises a wireless station, and the second device comprises an access point (communication between an AP and one or more STAs; the STA communicates with another STA or the AP in an allocated time resource)]. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Yun et al., U.S. Publication No. 2024/0129978 discloses information related to the state of the first link may be included in a ready-to-send (RTS) message requiring data transmission through the first link or in a clear-to-send (CTS) message indicating that data transmission through the first link. Xin et al., U.S. Publication No. 2022/0053560 discloses STA sending RTS/CTS to reserve a TXOP. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JACKIE ZUNIGA ABAD whose telephone number is (571)270-7194. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday, 8:00am - 4:00pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, IAN MOORE can be reached at 571-272-3085. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JACKIE ZUNIGA ABAD/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2469
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 13, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 21, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12593243
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD USING FRAGMENTATION AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION TERMINAL USING SAME
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12574276
REFERENCE SIGNAL SENDING METHOD AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12574873
INITIAL ACCESS AND INITIAL BANDWIDTH PART CONFIGURATION FOR REDUCED CAPABILITY USER EQUIPMENTS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12574283
Control Plane Device Switching Method and Apparatus, and Forwarding-Control Separation System
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12563581
USER EQUIPMENT IN COMMUNICATION WITH SERVING CELL, AND OPERATING METHODS OF USER EQUIPMENT IN COMMUNICATION WITH SERVING CELL
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+23.9%)
3y 5m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 727 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month