Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/542,638

LED PIXEL UNIT, DISPLAY PANEL AND DISPLAY SCREEN

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Dec 16, 2023
Examiner
SHEN, YUZHEN
Art Unit
2623
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
Xiamen Extremely Pq Display Technology Co. Ltd.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
70%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
84%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 70% — above average
70%
Career Allow Rate
507 granted / 720 resolved
+8.4% vs TC avg
Moderate +13% lift
Without
With
+13.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
44 currently pending
Career history
764
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.2%
-39.8% vs TC avg
§103
53.7%
+13.7% vs TC avg
§102
27.3%
-12.7% vs TC avg
§112
16.7%
-23.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 720 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
Detailed Action 1. The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Priority 2. Receipt is acknowledged of certified copies of papers submitted under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d), which papers have been placed of record in the file. Claim Analysis - 35 USC § 112 3. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(f): (f) Element in Claim for a Combination. – An element in a claim for a combination may be expressed as a means or step for performing a specified function without the recital of structure, material, or acts in support thereof, and such claim shall be construed to cover the corresponding structure, material, or acts described in the specification and equivalents thereof. The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph: An element in a claim for a combination may be expressed as a means or step for performing a specified function without the recital of structure, material, or acts in support thereof, and such claim shall be construed to cover the corresponding structure, material, or acts described in the specification and equivalents thereof. 4. This application includes one or more claim limitations that do not use the word “means,” but are nonetheless being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, because the claim limitation(s) uses a generic placeholder that is coupled with functional language without reciting sufficient structure to perform the recited function and the generic placeholder is not preceded by a structural modifier. Such claim limitations are: “optical module” in claim 1. Because the claim limitation is being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, claims 1 is interpreted to cover the corresponding structure described in the specification that achieves the claimed function, and equivalents thereof. As for the limitation "optical module”, a review of the specification shows that the following appears to be the corresponding structure described in the specification for the 35 U.S.C. 112(f) (pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph): [0080] of the specification and Figs. 1-10 of the drawing disclose the "optical module” correspond to a micro lens, a micro prism, or micro mirror. If applicant wishes to provide further explanation or dispute the examiner's interpretation of the corresponding structure, applicant must identify the corresponding structure with reference to the specification by page and line number, and to the drawing, if any, by reference characters in response to this Office action. If applicant does not wish to have the claim limitation treated under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) (pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph), applicant may amend the claim so that it will clearly not invoke 35 U.S.C. 112(f) (pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph), or present a sufficient showing that the claim recites sufficient structure, material, or acts for performing the claimed function to preclude application of 35 U.S.C. 112(f) (pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 5. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. 6. Claims 1-8, 11-15, 17, and 19-20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by LI (US 20220344313 A1). Regarding claim 1, LI (e.g., Fig. 6) discloses a light-emitting diode (LED) pixel unit (Fig. 6B shows an example of a tri-color LED pixel unit, which is reproduced for reference), comprising: PNG media_image1.png 733 1224 media_image1.png Greyscale a plurality of micro light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) with different emission wavelengths, stacked to form a stacked structure (a tri-color LED pixel unit comprising a red micro-LED, a green micro-LED, and a blue micro-LED with a stacked LED structure; [0207], [0220], and [0234]); wherein the stacked structure has a light-emitting surface (light-emitting surface S of the tri-color LED unit), and the stacked structure is configured to emit, from the light-emitting surface, light emitted by the plurality of micro-LEDs at a first emission angle (emission light from the tri-color LED unit has a divergence angle; [0382]); and an optical module (micro lens 602; [0375]), disposed above the light-emitting surface (light-emitting surface S) and at a predetermined distance from the light-emitting surface (predetermined distance between the micro lens and the tri-color LED unit; [0385]); wherein a projection area of a vertical projection of the optical module is greater than or equal to a projection area of a vertical projection of the stacked structure (Figs. 6A-6D and [0374]; a projection area of the micro lens 602 is greater than a projection area of the LED stacked structure); and the optical module (micro lens 602) is configured to emit, at a second emission angle, the light emitted by the light-emitting surface ([0375] and [0382]; LED light from the micro lens 602 having a reduced divergence angle). Regarding claim 2, LI (e.g., Fig. 6) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a width of the stacked structure is d1, a width of the optical module is d2, the predetermined distance between the optical module and the light-emitting surface is d3, and the first emission angle is A; and d1≤d2≤2d3tan A 2 , A≤130° (Fig. 6D is reproduced for reference. According to Fig. 6D, LI teaches the LED stacked structure has a width d1 and a light divergence angle A, the micro lens 602 has a width d2, and a distance between the micro lens and the light-emitting surface of the LED stacked structure is d3, and d1<d2, d2=2d3tan A 2 , [0382] teaches a range of divergence angle A and A<130°). PNG media_image2.png 771 1310 media_image2.png Greyscale Regarding claim 3, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein projection areas of vertical projections of the plurality of micro-LEDs are equal ([0048]), and the plurality of micro-LEDs have same light-emitting axes ([0049]). Regarding claim 4, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein projection areas wherein projection areas of vertical projections of the plurality of micro-LEDs are decreased (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9), and the plurality of micro-LEDs have same light-emitting axes (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9; and [0049], [0267], [0221], and [0235]). Regarding claim 5, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein projection areas of vertical projections of the plurality of micro-LEDs are decreased (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9), and a light-emitting axis of the micro-LED at a side of the stacked structure facing away from the light-emitting surface coincides with a light-emitting axis of the micro-LED at a side of the stacked structure proximate to the light-emitting surface (Figs. 1-2 and 6-9; e.g., red micro LED and blue micro LED have a same light-emitting axis; [0017], [0049], and [0267]). Regarding claim 6, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein a central axis of the optical module coincides with the light-emitting axes of the plurality of micro-LEDs ([0380]). Regarding claim 7, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein a central axis of the optical module coincides with the light-emitting axes of the plurality of micro-LEDs (Fig. 6 and [0380]; micro lens 602 and LED pixel unit). Regarding claim 8, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 5, wherein a central axis of the optical module coincides with the light-emitting axis of the micro-LED at the side of the stacked structure proximate to the light-emitting surface (Fig. 6 and [0380]; micro lens 602 and LED pixel unit). Regarding claim 11, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein a light-emitting angle α2 of the LED pixel unit is less than or equal to 80° ([0382]; light divergence angle). Regarding claim 12, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stacked structure comprises, from bottom to top, a red LED chip, a green LED chip, and a blue LED chip (LED stacked structure comprising a red micro-LED, a green micro-LED, and a blue micro-LED; [0207], [0220], and [0234]). Regarding claim 13, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-11) discloses a display panel (Fig. 11; micro LED display panel 1100; [0176]), comprising: a substrate (Figs. 6C and 6D; substrate 690); and a plurality of pixel units (pixel unit 612), disposed on the substrate (substrate 690); wherein each of the plurality of pixel units is the LED pixel unit (Figs. 6A and 6B; LED pixel unit) as claimed in claim 1, the stacked structure of the LED pixel unit is disposed on the substrate (Fig. 6; LED pixel unit on substrate 690), and the optical module of the LED pixel unit is disposed at a side of the stacked structure facing away from the substrate (Fig. 6; micro lens 602 on LED pixel unit). Regarding claim 14, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-11) discloses the display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein a width of the stacked structure is d1, a width of the optical module is d2, the predetermined distance between the optical module and the light-emitting surface is d3, and the first emission angle is A; and d1≤d2≤2d3tan A 2 , A≤130° (Fig. 6D is reproduced reference. According to Fig. 6D, LI teaches the LED stacked structure has a width d1 and a light divergence angle A, the micro lens 602 has a width d2, and a distance between the micro lens and the light-emitting surface of the LED stacked structure is d3, and d1<d2, d2=2d3tan A 2 , [0382] teaches a range of divergence angle A and A<130°). PNG media_image3.png 641 1089 media_image3.png Greyscale Regarding claim 15, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-11) discloses the display panel as claimed in claim 14, wherein a width of each of the plurality of pixel units is d4, and d1≤d2≤d4 (Fig. 6D; each pixel unit comprising a LED stacked structure and a micro lens and having a width d4, and d1<d2 and d2=d4). Regarding claim 17, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-11) discloses the display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein a central axis of the optical module (e.g., Fig. 6; micro lens 602) and a light-emitting axis of the stacked structure (e.g., Fig. 6; LED stacked structure) are both perpendicular to the substrate (e.g., Fig. 6; substrate 690). Regarding claim 19, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-11) discloses the display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein a central axis of the optical module coincides with light-emitting axes of at least two of the plurality of micro-LEDs (e.g., Fig. 6 and [0380]). Regarding claim 20, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-11) discloses a display screen (Figs. 6 and 11; micro LED display), comprising: the display panel as claimed in claim 13. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 7. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102 of this title, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. 8. Claims 9-10, 16, and 18 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as unpatentable over LI (US 20220344313 A1) in view of JOHNSON (US 20150301343 A1). Regarding claim 9, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 1, but does not disclose wherein an angle α1 between a central axis of the optical module and light-emitting axes of the plurality of micro-LEDs is greater than 5°. However, JOHN (e.g., Figs. 5-8) discloses a LED pixel unit, wherein an angle α1 between a central axis of an optical module (micro lens 64) and light-emitting axes of a plurality of micro-LEDs (LED pixel unit 60) is greater than 5° (e.g., Figs. 5-8 and [0086]-[0087]; e.g., 15°). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one skilled in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to combine the teaching from JOHNSON with the LED pixel unit of LI. The combination/motivation would be to provide a full-color autostereoscopic display device having an arrangement of display pixels for directing different views to different spatial positions. Regarding claim 10, LI in view of JOHNSON discloses the LED pixel unit as claimed in claim 9, LI discloses wherein the light-emitting axes of the plurality of micro-LEDs are the same (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9; and [0049], [0267], [0221], and [0235]). Regarding claim 16, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the display panel as claimed in claim 13, but does not disclose wherein a central axis of the optical module is perpendicular to the substrate, and an angle between the stacked structure and the substrate is β1, which is greater than 5°. However, JOHNSON (e.g., Figs. 5-8) discloses a display panel comprising LED pixel units, wherein a central axis of the optical module (micro lens 64) is perpendicular to the substrate (substrate 62), and an angle between the LED structure (LED pixel unit 600) and the substrate (substrate 62) is β1, which is greater than 5° (e.g., Figs. 5-8 and [0086]-[0087]; e.g., 15°). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one skilled in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to combine the teaching from JOHNSON with the LED pixel unit of LI. The combination/motivation would be to provide a full-color autostereoscopic display device having an arrangement of display pixels for directing different views to different spatial positions. Regarding claim 18, LI (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9) discloses the display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein the plurality of micro-LEDs have same light-emitting axes (e.g., Figs. 1-2 and 6-9; and [0049], [0267], [0221], and [0235]), but does not disclose an angle al between a central axis of the optical module and the light-emitting axis of each of the plurality of micro-LEDs is greater than 5°. However, JOHNSON (e.g., Figs. 5-8) discloses a display panel comprising LED pixel units, wherein an angle al between a central axis of an optical module (micro lens 64) and the light-emitting axis of each of a plurality of micro-LEDs (LED pixel unit 600) is greater than 5° (e.g., Figs. 5-8 and [0086]-[0087]; e.g., 15°). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one skilled in the art at the effective filing date of the claimed invention to combine the teaching from JOHNSON with the LED pixel unit of LI. The combination/motivation would be to provide a full-color autostereoscopic display device having an arrangement of display pixels for directing different views to different spatial positions. Inquiry Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to YUZHEN SHEN whose telephone number is (571)272-1407. The examiner can normally be reached on 9:00-18:00. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Chanh Nguyen can be reached on 571-272-7772. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /YUZHEN SHEN/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2623
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 16, 2023
Application Filed
Mar 08, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12593575
DISPLAY PANEL AND DISPLAY DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12585363
INFORMATION INPUT DEVICE, SENSITIVITY DETERMINATION METHOD, AND STORAGE MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12573232
DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING A FINGERPRINT SENSOR
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12566497
GAZE TRACKING BASED NOTIFICATION TRACKING TIMER
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 03, 2026
Patent 12562001
Adaptive Fingerprint-Enrollment to Finger Characteristics Using Local Under-Display Fingerprint Sensor in an Electronic Device
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
70%
Grant Probability
84%
With Interview (+13.4%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 720 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month