Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/551,766

SUBSTITUTED PYRROLIDIN-2-ONES, SALTS THEREOF AND THEIR USE AS HERBICIDALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

Non-Final OA §101§112
Filed
Sep 21, 2023
Examiner
PALLAY, MICHAEL B
Art Unit
1617
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
BAYER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
56%
Grant Probability
Moderate
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 3m
To Grant
91%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 56% of resolved cases
56%
Career Allow Rate
396 granted / 707 resolved
-4.0% vs TC avg
Strong +35% interview lift
Without
With
+35.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 3m
Avg Prosecution
59 currently pending
Career history
766
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.5%
-38.5% vs TC avg
§103
46.2%
+6.2% vs TC avg
§102
13.2%
-26.8% vs TC avg
§112
23.4%
-16.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 707 resolved cases

Office Action

§101 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Objections Claim 1-3 are objected to because of the following informalities: they contain periods in the middle of the claims at the end of the limitations defining R4 and R13 and the two recitations defining R14 and R15. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 101 / 112 35 U.S.C. 101 reads as follows: Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this title. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 7 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 101 because the claimed invention is directed to non-statutory subject matter, or alternatively, under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor, or for pre-AIA the applicant regards as the invention. Claim 7 does/do not fall within at least one of the four categories of patent eligible subject matter, and is indefinite, because it is not a proper process claim as it fails to set forth any steps involved in the process. Thus, claim 7 is rejected as a “use” claim under alternative grounds based on 35 U.S.C. 101 and 112 per MPEP 2173.05(q). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 Claims 1-10 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claims 1-3 recite limitations for R4, R13, R14, and R15, but thereafter recite contradictory limitations for “R4 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded” and twice for “R14 and R15 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded”, rendering the claims indefinite. For purposes of compact prosecution, such limitations are interpreted herein as disjunctive, e.g., R4 and R13 are as previously singly defined or as subsequently jointly defined. Claims 4-10 are rejected as depending from such indefinite claims. Citation of Pertinent Prior Art The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Claude Clapot et al. (GB 2015521 A; published 12 September 1979; of record) discloses pyrrolidine-2-one derivatives useful as herbicides having general formula PNG media_image1.png 56 132 media_image1.png Greyscale wherein Ar may be phenyl with two halogen substituents and R1 may be a C1 to 4 alkyl radical (abstract), which corresponds to the substituted pyrrolidin-2-one of general formula (I) of the instant claims wherein R1 and R5-R9 are H, R10 is a C1-C8 alkyl, A1-A3 are CH, and R11-R12 are halogen, but R2 of Claude Clapot et al. is H or methyl (abstract) which does not correspond to the CR2R3COXR4 of general formula (I) of the instant claims. Fischl et al. (US 2019/0225575 A1; published 25 July 2019) discloses antiviral compounds (title) such as FP 240: PNG media_image2.png 119 192 media_image2.png Greyscale (Table 2 page 269), which corresponds to the substituted pyrrolidin-2-one of general formula (I) of the instant claims wherein R1 and R5-R10 are H, X is NH, R4 is a C3-cycloalkyl, A1-A3 are CH, and R12 is a halogen, but FP 240 of Fischl et al. has a carbonyl rather than R2 and R3 of the instant claims, and a hydrogen rather than R11 of the instant claims. Fischl et al. also discloses intermediate compounds used for formulating the antiviral compounds, such as I-245: PNG media_image3.png 93 205 media_image3.png Greyscale (Table 1 page 191), which corresponds to the substituted pyrrolidin-2-one of general formula (I) of the instant claims wherein R1-R2 and R5-R10 are H, R3 is OH, X is NH, R4 is a C3-cycloalkyl-C1-alkyl, A1-A3 are CH, and R12 is a halogen, but FP 240 of Fischl et al. has hydrogens rather than R11 and R12 of the instant claims, and is an intermediate compound used in the formulation of the antiviral compounds of Fischl et al. such that there would have been a lack of motivation to select FP 240 of Fischl et al. as a lead/starting compound suitable for modification, and furthermore the compounds of Fischl et al. are antiviral compounds rather than herbicides and/or plant growth regulators as are the compounds of the instant claims. Conclusion No claims are allowed. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MICHAEL B. PALLAY whose telephone number is (571)270-3473. The examiner can normally be reached Monday through Friday from 8:30 AM to 5:00 PM Eastern Time. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Sue Liu can be reached at (571)272-5539. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MICHAEL B. PALLAY/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1617
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 21, 2023
Application Filed
Feb 21, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §101, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
56%
Grant Probability
91%
With Interview (+35.0%)
3y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 707 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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