Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/557,774

POWER TOOL HAVING TOOL-FREE ATTACHMENT SYSTEM

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Oct 27, 2023
Examiner
TEKA, ABIY
Art Unit
3745
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
85%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
95%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 85% — above average
85%
Career Allow Rate
569 granted / 672 resolved
+14.7% vs TC avg
Moderate +10% lift
Without
With
+10.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
17 currently pending
Career history
689
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.5%
-39.5% vs TC avg
§103
30.7%
-9.3% vs TC avg
§102
40.2%
+0.2% vs TC avg
§112
26.4%
-13.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 672 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: (a) A patent may not be obtained though the invention is not identically disclosed or described as set forth in section 102 of this title, if the differences between the subject matter sought to be patented and the prior art are such that the subject matter as a whole would have been obvious at the time the invention was made to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which said subject matter pertains. Patentability shall not be negatived by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-2 are rejected under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) as being unpatentable over Akoi et al.(US 2019/0366502 A1) hereinafter Akoiin view of Kwon (KR20190086137 A) Regarding Claim 1 Akoi teaches a grinder comprising: a housing (13) ; a drive assembly (Fig 3) within the housing (13), the drive assembly (Fig 3) including an electric motor (3) having a motor shaft (31), and an output spindle (5) coupled to the motor shaft (31) for rotatably driving a grinding tool (Fig 3); and a tool-free attachment mechanism for selectively mounting the grinding tool to the output spindle (5) for co-rotation therewith (Fig 3), the attachment mechanism including a flange nut (7) threaded (using matching threads 611,751) to the output spindle (5), and a backing flange (51) (Fig 2-5). However, Akoi is silent regarding the backing flange being axially movable along the output spindle between a first position, in which a space exists to position the grinding tool between the flange nut and the backing flange, and a second position, in which the grinding tool is clamped between the backing flange and the flange nut. However, Kwon teaches fixating device which is used to conveniently attach or detach a grinder blade including a flange nut (20) threaded with a mating part (12) of a spindle shaft (13) (Fig 2-4). Kwon further teaches a backing flange (19) being axially movable along the output spindle shaft (13) between a first position, in which a space exists to position a grinding tool (110) between the flange nut (20) and the backing flange (19), and a second position, in which the grinding tool (110) is clamped between the backing flange (19) and the flange nut (20) (see Fig 2 and 5, Pa r0025-32). Kwon states such a configuration provides a stable mounting arrangement (par.0062). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to have modified Akoi to include the teachings of Kwon by forming the backing flange to be axially movable along the output spindle between a first position, in which a space exists to position the grinding tool between the flange nut and the backing flange, and a second position, in which the grinding tool is clamped between the backing flange and the flange nut. Doing so allows a formation of a stable mounting arrangement. Regarding Claim 2 Akoi teaches a battery receptacle (eternal housing of 93); and a battery pack (93) selectively electrically coupled to the battery receptacle to provide electrical power to the motor (3) (par.0038, Fig 2). Allowable Subject Matter Claims 3-8 are objected but would be allowable if rewritten including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Claims 9-20 are allowed. Regarding Claims 9-20 the prior art remains silent regarding the following limitations: having a flange nut portion and a stem portion extending from the flange nut portion, and a handle pivotably coupled to the housing between a release position, in which the flange nut portion is displaced from the backing flange portion to create a space for mounting the grinding tool between the flange nut portion and the backing flange portion, and a clamped position, in which the grinding tool is clamped between the backing flange portion and the flange nut portion. Similarly, the prior art remain silent regarding having an intra flange adjacent the flange nut and configured to rotate relative to the spindle; a backing flange at least partially fitting over the intra flange and biased toward the flange nut, wherein the intra flange includes a structure that at least partially nests in the backing flange, and wherein the intra flange is rotatable between a locked position to lock the grinding tool on the spindle and an unlocked position to unlock the grinding tool from the spindle Conclusion Prior art made of record not relied up on are pertinent to applicant’s disclosure. Tomonaga et al. (US 2018/0281146 A1), barth et al (US 2020/0156209 A1) and Thorson et al. (US 2023/0339135 A1) all teach grinders having an adjustable clamping arrangement that is pertinent to the claimed invention. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ABIY TEKA whose telephone number is (571)272-9804. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 11-9 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Nathaniel Wiehe can be reached at (571) 272-8648. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ABIY TEKA/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3745
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Oct 27, 2023
Application Filed
Jan 07, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
85%
Grant Probability
95%
With Interview (+10.3%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 672 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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