Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/570,555

E3 Ligase Inhibitors and Methods of Use Thereof

Non-Final OA §102§103§112
Filed
Dec 14, 2023
Examiner
ROBINSON, MIKHAIL O'DONNEL
Art Unit
1627
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
The Regents of the University of California
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
57%
Grant Probability
Moderate
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 6m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 57% of resolved cases
57%
Career Allow Rate
59 granted / 103 resolved
-2.7% vs TC avg
Strong +48% interview lift
Without
With
+47.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 6m
Avg Prosecution
50 currently pending
Career history
153
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
3.8%
-36.2% vs TC avg
§103
41.6%
+1.6% vs TC avg
§102
20.9%
-19.1% vs TC avg
§112
20.3%
-19.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 103 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103 §112
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 1 and 43 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Regarding claim 1, the phrase "a compound depicted in any one of FIG. 1-4" renders the claim indefinite because it is unclear the structural limitations of figures 1-4. It is improper referring to figures to represent compound structures or names in a claim. Ultimately, the metes and bounds of the claim is unclear. Regarding claim 43, the phrase "n" renders the claim indefinite because it is unclear what are the limitations of n. It is unclear if n is an integer of o or and integer above 0, as being above 0 and 0 changes the structure of Formula (IV). Ultimately the metes and bounds of the claim is unclear. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim 12 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102 (a)(1) as being anticipated by Bompiani et al. High-Throughput Screening Uncovers Novel Botulinum Neurotoxin Inhibitor Chemotypes, ACS Comb. Sci., June 2017, Pages 461-474. Regarding claim 12, Bompiani teaches classes of inhibitory compounds for the treatment of botulism comprising compound PNG media_image1.png 231 251 media_image1.png Greyscale and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (abstract, Pg. 464), wherein for the Benzimidazole scaffold R is a substituted aryl and substituted arylalkyl as shown in table 5 compounds 42-68 (relevant to claim 12). Claim 20 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102 (a)(1) as being anticipated by Durrenberger et al. (US 20120196853 A1). Regarding claim 20, Durrenberger teaches pharmaceutical compositions that are hepcidin antagonists for the treatment of disorders in iron metabolism, such as, in particular, iron deficiency diseases and anemias comprising Formula (I) PNG media_image2.png 122 188 media_image2.png Greyscale and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient (para. 0051 and 0302). Of the above compound Durrenberger teaches embodiment PNG media_image3.png 147 177 media_image3.png Greyscale , PNG media_image4.png 122 182 media_image4.png Greyscale , PNG media_image5.png 154 232 media_image5.png Greyscale . The above compounds read to claim invention of R1 as aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, R2-R3 and R5-R6 as H, R4 as H or alkoxy and R7 as H or a halogen. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-8, 11, 58-63 and 68-71 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Chen et al. (WO 2021102370 A1). Regarding claims 1-8, 11, 58-63 and 68-71, Chen teaches a method for the treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions selected from a list which consist of adenocarcinoma (relevant to claims 58-59) and diabetes (relevant to claims 62-63) by route of oral, intramuscular, intraperitoneal and intravenous (relevant to claims 61 and 69) (Pg. 19-20, 204) comprising administration of Formulas PNG media_image6.png 174 373 media_image6.png Greyscale PNG media_image7.png 384 568 media_image7.png Greyscale (relevant to claim 3-8 and 11) (Pg. 9) and PNG media_image8.png 231 212 media_image8.png Greyscale PNG media_image9.png 272 550 media_image9.png Greyscale PNG media_image10.png 511 569 media_image10.png Greyscale (Pg. 12) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier (Pg. 203). Chen additionally teaches the above compounds in combination with an additional agent of insulin or cancer chemotherapeutic agent to treat the above conditions (relevant to claims 60 and 70-71) (Pg. 209), and the effective dose of the compound varies based depending on the diseases being treated, the severity of the disease, the route of administration, the sex, age and general health condition of the subject, excipient usage, the possibility of co-usage with other therapeutic treatments (Pg.208). Therefore, I would have been obvious to someone of ordinary kill in the art at the time of filling to have developed the claimed structure of claim 1 in which R1 is a thiophene to an individual who has a body mass index greater than 30kg/m2. One would have been motivated to do so from the teachings of Chen of Formula (IIIh), in which R9 is a 5–10-member heteroaryl which consist of thiophene. One would also be motivated to treat an individual who has a body mass index greater than 30kg/m2 to test the effectiveness of the therapeutic on different patient populations. There is a reasonable expectation of treating the above conditions comprising the above compound Formula (IIIh) taught by Chen wherein to claimed invention R1 is a thiophene to an individual who has a body mass index greater than 30kg/m2. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 9-10, 55-57 and 73-74 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MIKHAIL O'DONNEL ROBINSON whose telephone number is (571)270-0777. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 7:30am-5:30pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Kortney Klinkel can be reached at 571-270-5239. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. MIKHAIL O'DONNEL. ROBINSON Examiner Art Unit 1627 /MIKHAIL O'DONNEL ROBINSON/Examiner, Art Unit 1627 /SARAH PIHONAK/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1627
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 14, 2023
Application Filed
Feb 03, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
57%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+47.7%)
3y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 103 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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