Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/590,991

URINAL

Final Rejection §103
Filed
Feb 29, 2024
Examiner
KLOTZ, WILLIAM R
Art Unit
3754
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Toto Ltd.
OA Round
2 (Final)
39%
Grant Probability
At Risk
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 6m
To Grant
95%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants only 39% of cases
39%
Career Allow Rate
103 granted / 265 resolved
-31.1% vs TC avg
Strong +56% interview lift
Without
With
+55.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 6m
Avg Prosecution
34 currently pending
Career history
299
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
45.2%
+5.2% vs TC avg
§102
27.2%
-12.8% vs TC avg
§112
25.6%
-14.4% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 265 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 10/16/2025 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. Applicant argues JP 6668877 fails to teach the vacuum breaker is fixed to the water spout part and fails to teach a water spout part that spouts washing water to the bowl part as recited in amended claim 3 (Applicant Arguments/Remarks, p. 4-5). Examiner disagrees. Elements 212 and 684 of JP 6668877 meet the limitation of “a water spout part” as claim 3 only requires that the water spout part spouts washing water to the bowl part and JP 6668877 teaches elements 212 and 684 spout washing water to the bowl part via elements 340, 370, 380, and 390 (see Fig. 1). Furthermore, claim 3 only requires that the vacuum breaker is fixed to the water spout part; element 680 of JP 6668877 is shown as fixed to elements 212 and 684 as the elements of the flush toilet 100 and the toilet body 200 are shown to be securely placed or fastened as shown in Fig. 1-3B and 5A-B. Therefore, absent further limitation, the combination meets the claim. The new and amended claims are addressed as set forth in the rejections below. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 3 and 9-14 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over JP 6919821 (machine translation provided 7/16/2025) in view of JP 6668877 (machine translation provided 7/16/2025). Regarding claim 3, JP 6919821 discloses a urinal, comprising: a bowl part (6) that receives urine; a water spout part (28) that spouts washing water to the bowl part; a functional part (4) that supplies washing water to the water spout part; and a housing part (20) that is formed on an upper part of the bowl part at a back side thereof and houses the functional part therein (see Fig. 2). However, JP 6919821 does not disclose wherein the functional part includes: a vacuum breaker that is provided in a water supply channel to the water spout part and prevents a backward flow of sewage water from the water spout part; and a diaphragm that is provided at an upstream side of the vacuum breaker and switches between a water stop state where the water supply channel is closed and a water supply state where the water supply channel is opened, and the vacuum breaker is arranged above the diaphragm, wherein the vacuum breaker is fixed to the water spout part as claimed. JP 6668877 discloses a wash water supply device and flush toilet wherein the functional part (600) includes: a vacuum breaker (680) that is provided in a water supply channel (320) to the water spout part (212, 684; see Fig. 1-3B and 5A-B) and prevents a backward flow of sewage water from the water spout part (¶ 0029); and a diaphragm (640) that is provided at an upstream side of the vacuum breaker (see Fig. 1) and switches between a water stop state where the water supply channel is closed and a water supply state where the water supply channel is opened (¶ 0027-0028), and the vacuum breaker is arranged above the diaphragm (see Fig. 1 and 4A-B), wherein the vacuum breaker is fixed to the water spout part (see Fig. 1-3B and 5A-B). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to have modified the functional part of JP 6919821, to include a vacuum breaker and a diaphragm as claimed, as taught by JP 6668877, in order to prevent backflow of washing water (¶ 0029). Regarding claim 9, the combination above and specifically JP 6919821 further discloses wherein the functional part further comprises an electricity generation part (146) that is provided at an upstream side of the vacuum breaker and generates electricity by using a flow of washing water in the water supply channel (¶ 0044; Fig. 8). Regarding claim 10, the combination above and specifically JP 6668877 further discloses wherein the vacuum breaker comprises: a water passage channel (681) that includes a water inflow port at an upstream side thereof and a water outflow port at a downstream side thereof (see Fig. 3), an atmospheric air introduction port (682) that communicates between the water passage channel and an outside thereof (¶ 0043-0046), and a valve body (683) that is provided in the water passage channel and that is moved along a vertical direction by a hydraulic pressure of washing water to communicate between the water inflow port and the water outflow port at a time of water passage and communicate between the water passage channel and the atmospheric air introduction port at a time of no water passage (¶ 0043-0046). Regarding claim 11, the combination above and specifically JP 6668877 further discloses wherein: the vacuum breaker further comprises a water receiving part (connection of 390) that receives washing water that overflows from the atmospheric air introduction port (see Fig. 1 and 3B); and the water receiving part comprises: a water discharge port (port of the connection of 390) that discharges received washing water, and a wall part (wall part of the connection of 390) that is formed to surround the water discharge port. Regarding claim 12, the combination above and specifically JP 6668877 further discloses wherein the water receiving part is formed in such a manner that a bottom surface part (bottom surface part of 684) that receives washing water slopes downward toward the atmospheric air introduction port (see Fig. 1 and 3B). Regarding claim 13, the combination above and specifically JP 6668877 further discloses wherein the water spout part comprises: a first water spout hole (212) that spouts washing water that is supplied from the water supply channel, to the bowl part (see Fig. 1), and a second water spout hole (hole of 684) that spouts washing water that is supplied from the water receiving part through the water discharge port, to the bowl part (see Fig. 1 and 3B). Regarding claim 14, the combination above and specifically JP 6668877 further discloses wherein the second water spout hole is provided above the first water spout hole (see Fig. 1 and 3B). Conclusion Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to WILLIAM R KLOTZ whose telephone number is (571)272-0274. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Thursday 11AM-5PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, David P Angwin can be reached at (571)270-3735. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. WILLIAM R. KLOTZ Examiner Art Unit 3754 /DAVID P ANGWIN/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 3754
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 29, 2024
Application Filed
Jul 11, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Oct 16, 2025
Response Filed
Jan 24, 2026
Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12534925
LOW FREQUENCY NOISE REDUCTION METHODS AND DEVICES
2y 5m to grant Granted Jan 27, 2026
Patent 12497971
SYSTEM FOR ADAPTING FOOT SPAS FOR USE WITH DISPOSABLE PUMPS
2y 5m to grant Granted Dec 16, 2025
Patent 12492537
SANITARY FITTING COMPRISING A PLUG UNIT
2y 5m to grant Granted Dec 09, 2025
Patent 12446735
BATHTUB SAFETY GATE
2y 5m to grant Granted Oct 21, 2025
Patent 12404688
RETURN CHANNEL FOR A SURF POOL
2y 5m to grant Granted Sep 02, 2025
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
39%
Grant Probability
95%
With Interview (+55.7%)
3y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 265 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month