Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/613,504

APPARATUS GENERATING TORQUE AND OPERATING METHOD THEREOF

Final Rejection §102
Filed
Mar 22, 2024
Examiner
KRUG, RANDELL J
Art Unit
3618
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation Chosun University
OA Round
2 (Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
94%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
321 granted / 422 resolved
+24.1% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+17.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
25 currently pending
Career history
447
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.5%
-39.5% vs TC avg
§103
42.8%
+2.8% vs TC avg
§102
27.6%
-12.4% vs TC avg
§112
27.9%
-12.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 422 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION This application is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Election/Restrictions Election of Species B (relating to FIG. 4) was made without traverse in the reply filed on 03/18/2025. Accordingly, the 01/29/2025 restriction requirement is made FINAL. Drawings The drawings are acceptable. Claim Objections Claim 1 is objected to because of the following informality: the word “output” (Line 11) should be amended to recite “outputs.” Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 U.S.C. § 102 The text of 35 U.S.C. § 102 not included in this action can be found in a prior Office action. Claims 1-2 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. § 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by U.S. Patent No. 4,169,391 to Schonberger, which discloses: Claim 1: A power generation apparatus comprising: a unidirectional driving module 25; a plurality of control moment gyroscopes F1/R1/R2, F2/R3/R4, each of which generates torque in different directions; a frame 14, 16, which has a torque shaft 22 and surrounds the plurality of control moment gyroscopes, wherein the torque shaft 22 has a straight bar shape having a first distal end (left side of 22 shown in FIG. 2) directly connected to the frame 14, 16 and a second distal end (right side of 22 shown in FIG. 2) directly connected to the unidirectional driving module 25, wherein the unidirectional driving module 25 changes and [outputs] torque generated in different directions by the plurality of control moment gyroscopes into a predetermined one direction, wherein the unidirectional driving module 25 has an output shaft 24 that outputs the torque, wherein the plurality of control moment gyroscopes each include: a gyroscope body F1, F2 installed on the frame and rotating on a gimbal shaft 42, 44 extending in a direction crossing a longitudinal direction of the torque shaft 22; a rotor R1, R2, R3, R4 installed on the gyroscope body F1, F2 to rotate on a spin shaft 56, 57 extending in a direction crossing the gimbal shaft 42, 44; and a spin motor 25 rotating the rotor on the spin shaft. Claim 2: The power generation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of control moment gyroscopes are synchronized to each other and symmetrically operated. Response to Arguments Applicant's 02/05/2026 arguments have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. Applicant argues that Schonberger fails to disclose the following feature of amended Claim 1: “wherein the torque shaft has a straight bar shape having a first distal end directly connected to the frame and a second distal end directly connected to the unidirectional driving module, wherein the unidirectional driving module changes and output (sic) torque generated in different directions by the plurality of control moment gyroscopes into a predetermined one direction, wherein the unidirectional driving module has an output shaft that outputs the torque.” The Office respectfully disagrees and presents the manner in which Schonberger is claim-mapped to Claim 1 in the rejection under 35 U.S.C. 102 above. Conclusion THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any extension fee pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to RANDELL J KRUG whose telephone number is (313) 446-6577. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Fri: 9:00-14:00 AZ time. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Minnah Seoh can be reached on 571-270-7778. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /RANDELL J KRUG/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3618
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Mar 22, 2024
Application Filed
Jun 05, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102
Nov 21, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Nov 21, 2025
Response Filed
Feb 05, 2026
Response Filed
Mar 05, 2026
Final Rejection — §102 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
94%
With Interview (+17.9%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 422 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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