Office Action Predictor
Last updated: April 16, 2026
Application No. 18/625,078

Irrigation Nozzles

Non-Final OA §102§103§112
Filed
Apr 02, 2024
Examiner
LEE, JONG SUK
Art Unit
2875
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Unknown
OA Round
2 (Non-Final)
13%
Grant Probability
At Risk
2-3
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
39%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants only 13% of cases
13%
Career Allow Rate
15 granted / 114 resolved
-54.8% vs TC avg
Strong +26% interview lift
Without
With
+25.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
7 currently pending
Career history
121
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
53.3%
+13.3% vs TC avg
§102
27.3%
-12.7% vs TC avg
§112
16.7%
-23.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 114 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . The amendment filed 11/30/2025 has been entered. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 23 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 23 is dependent upon canceled claim 22. It is suggested to be dependent upon claim 21. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1, 2, 5, 6, 21, 25-27 and 41 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102 (a)(1) as being anticipated by Lemme (US 5598977). With respect to claim 1, Lemme al disclose an rotary irrigation/spray sprinkler nozzle 10 for an irrigation system (see col.1, lines 11-24) comprising: a nozzle body 34; said nozzle body forming a first body portion 14; said first body portion generally cylindrical in shape forming a nozzle cavity 38 and at least one deflecting nozzle passage 22; each said deflecting nozzle passage extending from said nozzle cavity to an exterior surface of said first body portion; each said deflecting nozzle passage 22 includes a deflector surface located adjacent to said exterior surface of said first body portion (see Fig.1); the size and spatial orientation of each said deflector surface and the curvature and hydraulic diameter of each said deflecting nozzle passage upstream from each said deflector surface are configured such that water flowing from said nozzle cavity through each said deflecting nozzle passage impinges upon each said deflector surface and spreads tangentially to a desired magnitude while flowing radially outward from said first body portion on a desired trajectory (see Fig. 1) ; said nozzle body constructed as a unitary object (See Figs.1 & 3-4, col. 3, lines 42-67, col.4, lines 1-34) With respect to claim 2, Lemme disclose said first body portion further forming at least one non-deflecting nozzle passage 20; each said non-deflecting nozzle passage extending from said nozzle cavity to said exterior surface of said first body portion; the spatial orientation, curvature, and hydraulic diameter of each said non-deflecting nozzle passage configured such that water flowing from said nozzle cavity through each said non-deflecting nozzle passage flows radially outward from said first body portion on a desired trajectory (see Figs. 1, 3 & 5, col.3 lines 19-66). With respect to claims 5 and 6: Lemme disclose each said deflecting nozzle passage 22 is substantially geometrically continuous and said non-deflecting nozzle passage 20 is substantially geometrically continuous (see Figs. 1 & 3, col.3, lines 43-65). With respect to claim 21, Lemme et al disclose a rotary irrigation/spray sprinkler nozzle 10 for an irrigation system (see col.1, lines 11-24) comprising: a nozzle body 34; said nozzle body forming a first body portion 14; said first body portion generally cylindrical in shape forming a nozzle cavity 38 and at least one non-deflecting nozzle passage 20; each said non-deflecting nozzle passage extending from said nozzle cavity to an exterior surface of said first body portion (see Fig. 1); the spatial orientation, curvature, and hydraulic diameter of each said non-deflecting nozzle passage configured such that water flowing from said nozzle cavity through each said non-deflecting nozzle passage flows radially outward from said first body portion on a desired trajectory (see Fig. 1); said nozzle body constructed as a unitary object (See Figs.1 & 3-4, col. 3, lines 42-67, col.4, lines 1-34). With respect to claims 25 and 26: Lemme disclose each said deflecting nozzle passage 22 is substantially geometrically continuous and said non-deflecting nozzle passage 20 is substantially geometrically continuous (see Figs. 1 & 3, col.3, lines 43-65). With respect to claim 27, Lemme disclose said nozzle body further forming a second body portion; said second body portion extending from said first body portion forming a filter cavity with a filer body forming a filter cavity 88 and a plurality of filter passages; each said filter passage extending from an exterior surface of said filter body to said filter cavity (see Figs. 3 & 5, col.5, lines 66- col.6, lines 1-6). With respect to claim 41, Lemme disclose a rotary irrigation/spray sprinkler nozzle 10 for an irrigation system (see col.1, lines 11-24) comprising: a nozzle body 10; said nozzle body forming a first body portion; said first body portion generally cylindrical in shape forming a nozzle cavity and at least one deflecting nozzle passage 22; each said deflecting nozzle passage extending from said nozzle cavity to an exterior surface of said first body portion; each said deflecting nozzle passage includes a deflector surface located adjacent to said exterior surface of said first body portion; the size and spatial orientation of each said deflector surface and the curvature and hydraulic diameter of each said deflecting nozzle passage upstream from each said deflector surface are configured such that water flowing from said nozzle cavity through each said deflecting nozzle passage impinges upon each said deflector surface and spreads tangentially to a desired magnitude while flowing radially outward from said first body portion on a desired trajectory; said first body portion further forming at least one non-deflecting nozzle passage (See Figs.1 & 3-4, col. 3, lines 42-67, col.4, lines 1-34); each said non-deflecting nozzle passage 20 extending from said nozzle cavity to said exterior surface of said first body portion; the spatial orientation, curvature, and hydraulic diameter of each said non-deflecting nozzle passage configured such that water flowing from said nozzle cavity through each said non-deflecting nozzle passage flows radially outward from said first body portion on a desired trajectory; said deflecting nozzle passages and said non-deflecting nozzle passages configured such that irrigation within a desired irrigation pattern occurs and irrigation outside said desired irrigation pattern is minimized during operation of said irrigation nozzle; said nozzle body constructed as a unitary object using an additive manufacturing process. (See Figs.1 & 3-4, col. 3, lines 42-67, col.4, lines 1-34). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 3, 7, 20, 23 and 40 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lemme (US 5598977). With respect to claims 3, 7 and 23, Lemme et al disclose said nozzle body further forming a second body portion; said second body portion extending from said first body portion forming a filter cavity 86 with a filer body forming a filter cavity and a filter passage 88; said filter passage extending from an exterior surface of said filter body to said filter cavity; each said filter passage configured for directing flow of water from said exterior surface of said filter body to said filter cavity; said first body portion and said filter body configured for removable engagement such that water can flow between said filter cavity 86 and said nozzle cavity 90 (see Figs. 3 & 5, col.5, lines 66- col.6, lines 1-6). Although Lemme et al fails to specifically disclose said filter passage is plural, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to provide a plurality of filter passages in order to efficiently sprinkle/spread water without clogging the passages by small rock or sand particles. With respect to claims 20 and 40, although Lemme does not disclose or fairly suggest said nozzle body is constructed using an additive manufacturing process, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date to utilize 3-D printer type device in order to precisely construct the nozzle body as designed for the use of irrigation. With respect to claim 23 as understood, Lemme disclose a filter body 18 forming a filter cavity and a plurality of filter passages 88; each said filter passage extending from an exterior surface of said filter body to said filter cavity; each said filter passage configured for directing flow of water from said exterior surface of said filter body to said filter cavity; said first body portion and said filter body configured for removable engagement such that water can flow between said filter cavity and said nozzle cavity (see Figs. 3 & 5, col.5, lines 66- col.6, lines 1-6). Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1-41 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Jong-Suk (James) Lee whose telephone number is (571) 272-7044. The examiner can normally be reached Monday thru Thursday 6AM- 4PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner's supervisor, Allana Bidder can be reached on 571-272-5560. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: httos://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https:/Avww.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent- center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JONG-SUK (JAMES) LEE/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2875
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Prosecution Timeline

Apr 02, 2024
Application Filed
Jul 29, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103, §112
Nov 30, 2025
Response Filed
Dec 31, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103, §112
Apr 05, 2026
Response Filed

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

2-3
Expected OA Rounds
13%
Grant Probability
39%
With Interview (+25.7%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 114 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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