Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/630,123

COOLING SYSTEM

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Apr 09, 2024
Examiner
FENG, ZHENGFU J
Art Unit
2835
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 8m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
377 granted / 499 resolved
+7.6% vs TC avg
Strong +38% interview lift
Without
With
+38.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 8m
Avg Prosecution
16 currently pending
Career history
515
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
52.5%
+12.5% vs TC avg
§102
26.3%
-13.7% vs TC avg
§112
19.1%
-20.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 499 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim 1 is objected to because of the following infirmities: “: coolant;” in line 2 should be changed to “: a coolant”. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1-4 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Smith (US 2022/0386515), Kurimoto (US 2003/0194522) and Kodama (US 2021/0130672) and further in view of Yokoi (WO 2023/074686 – see attached translation).Re claim 1: Smith discloses A cooling system (300 in fig. 3) for cooling heat-generating equipment (302 in fig. 3) in an electrified vehicle (para. 0015), the cooling system comprising: coolant (“coolant” in fig. 3); a channel (316 in fig. 3; para. 0032) for the coolant; and a pump (310 in fig. 3) for circulating the coolant in the channel (fig. 3). Smith does not explicitly disclose wherein the channel includes a portion containing nitrile rubber in a channel wall, the coolant includes 95% by mass or more of mineral oil, and an aniline point of the coolant is from 80°C to 105°C. Kurimoto discloses wherein the channel (11 in fig. 1; para. 0050) includes a portion (12 in fig. 1; para. 0058) containing nitrile rubber (para. 0058, 0062) in a channel wall (wall of 11 in fig. 1). Thus it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the cooling system of Smith wherein the channel includes a portion containing nitrile rubber in a channel wall as taught by Kurimoto, in order for it be cost effective and have chemical resilience. The modified Smith does not explicitly disclose the coolant includes 95% by mass or more of mineral oil, and an aniline point of the coolant is from 80°C to 105°C. Kodama discloses the coolant includes 95% by mass or more of mineral oil (para. 0005; table 2, comparative example 3). Thus it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the modified cooling system of Smith wherein the coolant includes 95% by mass or more of mineral oil as taught by Kodama, in order for direct thermal contact with the heat generating equipment to be able to dissipate more heat from it. The further modified Smith does not explicitly disclose an aniline point of the coolant is from 80°C to 105°C. Yokoi discloses an aniline point of the coolant is from 80°C to 105°C (abstract). Thus it would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to modify the further modified cooling system of Smith wherein an aniline point of the coolant is from 80°C to 105°C as taught by Yokoi, in order to extend the life of the channel.Re claim 2: The further modified Smith does not explicitly disclose wherein kinematic viscosity of the coolant at 40°C is no greater than 5 mm2/s. Yokoi discloses wherein kinematic viscosity of the coolant at 40°C is no greater than 5 mm2/s (abstract).Re claim 3: The modified Smith does not explicitly disclose wherein the heat-generating equipment is at least one type selected from a group consisting of an inverter, a converter, a generator, a motor, and a battery. Kodama discloses wherein the heat-generating equipment is at least one type selected from a group consisting of an inverter, a converter, a generator, a motor, and a battery (para. 0003).Re claim 4: The modified Smith does not explicitly disclose wherein: the coolant includes an additive; and the additive is at least one type selected from a group consisting of an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant, a dispersant, a surfactant, and a flow antistatic agent. Kodama discloses wherein: the coolant includes an additive (para. 0051); and the additive is at least one type selected from a group consisting of an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant, a dispersant, a surfactant, and a flow antistatic agent (para. 0051). Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure: US 2018/0330906 – is considered pertinent because this reference describes a relay cooling device. US 2022/0141999 – is considered pertinent because this reference describes a liquid cooled integrated circuit. US 7,156,195 B2 – is considered pertinent because this reference describes a cooling system for electric motor of vehicle. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ZHENGFU J FENG whose telephone number is (571) 272-2949. The examiner can normally be reached on Monday - Friday, 900am-530pm EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jayprakash Gandhi can be reached on (571) 272-3740. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/ docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ZHENGFU J FENG/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2835 February 26, 2026
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Apr 09, 2024
Application Filed
Mar 01, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12604432
MODULAR ENCLOSURES FOR COMPONENT COOLING
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12604437
COMPACT MODULAR HYBRID HEAT EXCHANGER (CMH2X)
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12603021
ELECTRONIC DISPLAY DEVICE FOR FASTENING TO A SHELF EDGE STRIP
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12593397
ELECTRONIC PACKAGE AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12585314
DISPLAY MODULE AND DISPLAY DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+38.4%)
2y 8m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 499 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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