Prosecution Insights
Last updated: October 22, 2026
Application No. 18/635,637

DATA DICTIONARY METADATA FOR MARKETPLACE LISTINGS

Final Rejection §103
Filed
Apr 15, 2024
Priority
Sep 30, 2022 — provisional 63/377,857 +1 more
Examiner
EYERS, DUSTIN D
Art Unit
2164
Tech Center
2100 — Computer Architecture & Software
Assignee
Snowflake Inc.
OA Round
4 (Final)
58%
Grant Probability
Moderate
5-6
OA Rounds
1y 0m
Est. Remaining
81%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 58% of resolved cases
58%
Career Allowance Rate
135 granted / 232 resolved
+3.2% vs TC avg
Strong +23% interview lift
Without
With
+22.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 6m
Avg Prosecution
17 currently pending
Career history
261
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
21.0%
-19.0% vs TC avg
§103
62.5%
+22.5% vs TC avg
§102
6.6%
-33.4% vs TC avg
§112
6.9%
-33.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 232 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Claims 1-20 are pending. Claims 1, 11, 20 have been amended. Claims 1-20 are rejected. The instant application is a CON of 18/051,447 filed on 10/31/2022 which has PRO 63/377,857 filed on 09/30/2022. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1, 2, 5-11, and 14-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhang et al., Patent Application Publication No. 2019/0108264 (hereinafter Zhang) in view of Boal, Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0180826 (hereinafter Boal) and Tatge et al., Patent Application Publication No. 2020/0314113 (hereinafter Tatge). Regarding claim 1, Zhang teaches: A method comprising: presenting a user interface comprising a plurality of user interface elements for configuring generation of a data dictionary for a listing offering shared data through a data marketplace (Zhang Paragraph [0005], dictionary data stored in systems mainly storing hospital services, and national standards, professional standards, local standards, hospital departments, service units, service personnel, service items and other user-defined metadata, which are used in the hospital services, Paragraph [0007], The data market is a warehouse of collecting data from a piece of operated data and other data source serving a certain special professional group (Zhang teaches a user interface, user-defined metadata, and a data dictionary as shown in the cited portions, Boal explicitly teaches a user-interface with views and user interaction)), the shared data including a first data object (Zhang Paragraph [0012], extracting corresponding professional metadata from the data warehouse, to form a data market; mapping metadata of a knowledge base to dictionary data of a service system by matching and merging logics, to provide uniform analysis paths and data services); generating the data dictionary for the listing based on the input received via the user interface (Zhang Paragraph [0005], dictionary data stored in systems mainly storing hospital services, and national standards, professional standards, local standards, hospital departments, service units, service personnel, service items and other user-defined metadata, which are used in the hospital services), the data dictionary comprising metadata describing the first data object (Zhang Paragraph [0025], mapping metadata of a knowledge base to dictionary data of a service system by matching and merging logics, to provide uniform analysis paths and data services), the metadata being based on a set of data fields selected from the plurality of user interface elements of the user interface (Zhang Paragraph [0005], dictionary data stored in systems mainly storing hospital services, and national standards, professional standards, local standards, hospital departments, service units, service personnel, service items and other user-defined metadata, which are used in the hospital services); Zhang does not expressly disclose: based on the update, updating the listing to change, at the particular time, visibility of the listing in the geographic region; determining that a first consumer is a member of an individual data exchange associated with the geographic region at the particular time; after the particular time when the update was received, allowing the first consumer to resolve and view the listening; determining that a second consumer is a new member of the individual data exchange after the particular time; and preventing the second consumer from resolving an viewing the listing after the particular time when the update was received in response to determining that the second consumer is the new member of the individual data exchange after the particular time. However, Boal teaches: based on the update, updating the listing to change, at the particular time, visibility of the listing in the geographic region (Boal Paragraph [0332], such as a complex event for adding a certain item to a shopping list within a certain amount of time of purchasing another item or visiting a certain website); determining that a first consumer is a member of an individual data exchange associated with the geographic region at the particular time (Boal Paragraph [0851], the first consumer record and the second consumer record include, in addition to the one or more particular credentials, metadata includes at least one of: location data, basket data, or time or day of the week); after the particular time when the update was received, allowing the first consumer to resolve and view the listening (Boal Paragraph [0037], FIG. 21 illustrates an example flow of storing and accessing consumer records for differentiating between consumers by resolving credentials to consumer entities); determining that a second consumer is a new member of the individual data exchange after the particular time (Boal Paragraph [0851], the first consumer record and the second consumer record include, in addition to the one or more particular credentials, metadata includes at least one of: location data, basket data, or time or day of the week); and preventing the second consumer from resolving an viewing the listing after the particular time when the update was received in response to determining that the second consumer is the new member of the individual data exchange after the particular time (Boal Paragraph [0591], Consumer-specific rules may include rules for turning on or off the auto-activation capability for only a subset of consumers based on predefined conditions, rules to prevent auto-activations for consumers who have not looked at any requested digital receipts in a previous period of time (e.g. the past 60 days), and rules to prevent auto-activations for consumers who have had more than a certain number of offers (e.g. 20) auto-activated in a previous period of time (e.g. 30 days) without any redemptions). The claimed invention and Boal are from the analogous art of systems using data exchanges. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention having the teachings of Zhang and Boal to have combined Zhang and Boal. Boal teaches increasing the value and benefits derived by consumers from digital offers and improving the ability of offer providers (Paragraph 14). Zhang in view of Boal does not expressly disclose: receiving input via the user interface, the user input comprising one or more location deployment identifiers corresponding to one or more geographic regions associated with one or more data exchanges in which the listing is to be visible; detecting, at a particular time, an update from a data provider, the update causing the listing that was previously visible in a geographic region to no longer be visible in the geographic region; However, Tatge teaches: receiving input via the user interface (Tatge Paragraph [0034], a client device 500 to facilitate a generation of outputs by the primary node 300, and a receipt of inputs from the client device 500), the user input comprising one or more location deployment identifiers corresponding to one or more geographic regions associated with one or more data exchanges in which the listing is to be visible (Tatge Paragraph [0063], the dataset exchange component 322 can generate a uniform resource identifier or “URI” (e.g., a URL, a link, a pointer, a path) that corresponds to a location from which an electronic agricultural dataset can be accessed, Paragraph [0053], graphical depiction of a geographic region that is determined to correspond to the location information, Paragraph [0037], performing an analysis on the certified farming dataset to identify field identifiers, parameter types, file information, and the like); detecting, at a particular time, an update from a data provider, the update causing the listing that was previously visible in a geographic region to no longer be visible in the geographic region (Tatge Paragraph [0073], the user account associated with the earliest-in-time transaction including the hash of both the first and second electronic agricultural datasets can be determined as an authorized listing account, such that the conflict detection component 330 removes the listing associated with the other determined unauthorized listing account); The claimed invention and Tatge are from the analogous art of data exchange systems. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention having the teachings of Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge to have combined Zhang in view of Boal and Tate. Tatge teaches the benefits of facilitating the province tracking of obtained transaction data to provide secured access to authorized user accounts (Paragraph 27). Regarding claim 2, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving input that selects the set of data fields to include in the listing based on the plurality of user interface elements of the user interface (Boal Paragraph [0800], The display 912 may directly or indirectly provide a graphical user interface (GUI) adapted to facilitate presentation of data to a user and/or to accept input from a user). Regarding claim 5, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating the metadata, the metadata describing a set of data objects included in shared data offered by a listing, the metadata describing the set of data objects includes a set of values indicating a number of data objects in the set of data objects that are in each of a set of distinct data object types (Boal Paragraph [0077], The information may include identifiers such as Universal Product Codes (UPCs) and/or stock-keeping unit (SKU) numbers, taxonomical categorizations, names, descriptions, nutritional information, product specifications, price histories, inventory levels, and/or any other suitable metadata). Regarding claim 6, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 5, wherein the set of distinct data object types includes at least one of a data table (Boal Paragraph [0512], Other offers are digital offers, which are processed by offer business logic and loaded into offer tables in the ODS), a data schema, a data view, a function, and a stored procedure. Regarding claim 7, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 1, wherein the first data object is a data table and the metadata describing the first data object includes at least one of a table name assigned to the data table, a description of the data table (Boal Paragraph [0077], The information may include identifiers such as Universal Product Codes (UPCs) and/or stock-keeping unit (SKU) numbers, taxonomical categorizations, names, descriptions, nutritional information, product specifications, price histories, inventory levels, and/or any other suitable metadata, Paragraph [0512], Other offers are digital offers, which are processed by offer business logic and loaded into offer tables in the ODS), a size of the data table, a number of rows included in the data table, and a number of columns included in the data table. Regarding claim 8, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 7, wherein the metadata describing the first data object further includes metadata describing each column in the data table, the metadata describing each column in the data table including at least one of a name assigned to the column, a description of the column, a data type of values stored in the column (Boal Paragraph [0077], The information may include identifiers such as Universal Product Codes (UPCs) and/or stock-keeping unit (SKU) numbers, taxonomical categorizations, names, descriptions, nutritional information, product specifications, price histories, inventory levels, and/or any other suitable metadata, Paragraph [0512], Other offers are digital offers, which are processed by offer business logic and loaded into offer tables in the ODS), an example value stored in the column, a range of the values stored in the column, and a frequency of the values stored in the column. Regarding claim 9, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 1, wherein the first data object is a function or a stored procedure and the metadata describing the first data object includes at least one of a name assigned to the function or stored procedure, a description of the function or stored procedure, parameter names included in the function or stored procedure, and parameter types used by the function or stored procedure (Boal Paragraph [0448], Each consumer identity is assumed to be associated with a suitable electronic address either because of procedures followed when registering the consumer identities, or because the server features logic for providing electronic addresses such as personalized web pages for each consumer identity). Regarding claim 10, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 1, further comprising: prioritizing presentation of metadata describing a set of featured data selected by the data provider (Boal Paragraph [0481], Email 100 may be displayed in the depicted manner by, for example, a client-based or web-based email application that interprets various fields, metadata, and or markup language included in email 100). Claims 11 and 14-20 are rejected in the same manner as claims 1, 2 and 5-10 but are merely directed to a different embodiment of the same invention (method, system, computer-storage medium). Boal further teaches elements such as memory, a processor, and storage media (Paragraph 738). Claim(s) 3-4 and 12-13 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhang in view of Boal, Tatge, and Manson et al., Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0258881 (hereinafter Manson). Regarding claim 3, Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge teaches parent claim 2. Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge further teaches: The method of claim 2, further comprising: detecting a modification to the shared data offered by the listing (Boal Paragraph [0424], One or more of the offer attributes may be modified based on at least a subset of the historical transaction records); Zhang in view of Boal and Tatge does not expressly disclose: generating an updated data dictionary for the listing; and in response to receiving a subsequent request to view the listing, causing presentation of an updated description of the listing based on the updated data dictionary. However, Manson teaches: generating an updated data dictionary for the listing (Manson Paragraph [0226], automatic updates of data dictionary 112 without the necessity of a user actively managing the data dictionary); and in response to receiving a subsequent request to view the listing, causing presentation of an updated description of the listing based on the updated data dictionary (Manson Paragraph [0229], a message may be displayed informing the user that a new data dictionary (e.g., 112) is available. However, the new data dictionary will not be used until the user saves the GIS data currently being collected). The claimed invention and Manson are from the analogous art of systems using data dictionaries. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention having the teachings of Zhang in view of Boal, Tatge, and Manson to have combined Zhang in view of Boal, Tatge, and Manson. Manson teaches the improvement of increased response time by using data dictionaries (Paragraph 95). Regarding claim 4, Zhang in view of Boal, Tatge, and Manson further teaches: The method of claim 3, wherein generating the updated data dictionary for the listing comprises (Manson Paragraph [0226], automatic updates of data dictionary 112 without the necessity of a user actively managing the data dictionary): generating updated metadata describing a new data object added to the shared data provided by the listing (Boal Paragraph [0286], Correlation metadata identifying the correlations is stored separately, or in a master consumer record as described below. Correlations may be reevaluated on an ongoing basis), wherein the updated description of the listing includes the updated metadata describing the new data object (Boal Paragraph [0286], Correlation metadata identifying the correlations is stored separately, or in a master consumer record as described below. Correlations may be reevaluated on an ongoing basis). Claims 12-13 are rejected in the same manner as claims 3-4 but are merely directed to a different embodiment of the same invention (method vs system). Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments, see pages 8-10, filed 05/08/2026, with respect to the rejection(s) of claim(s) 1-20 under 35 U.S.C. 103 have been fully considered and are persuasive. Therefore, the rejection has been withdrawn. However, upon further consideration, a new ground(s) of rejection is made in view of the amendment and the newly cited Tatge reference. Tatge teaches the geographic location. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Doubleday et al., Patent Application Publication No. 2016/0012482 (hereinafter Doubleday). Doubleday teaches a user search query from a geographic location (Paragraph 8). Doubleday further teaches a market corresponding to a geographic identifier (Paragraph 7). This shows that Doubleday is analogous art as both the claimed invention and Doubleday are directed to using geographical locations for exchanges. Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DUSTIN D EYERS whose telephone number is (408)918-7562. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Thursday 9:00am-7:00pm ET. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Amy Ng can be reached at (571)270-1698. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /DUSTIN D EYERS/ Examiner, Art Unit 2164 /AMY NG/ Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2164
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Prosecution Timeline

Show 6 earlier events
Oct 28, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Nov 03, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Nov 12, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 13, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §103
May 05, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary
May 05, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
May 08, 2026
Response Filed
Aug 06, 2026
Final Rejection mailed — §103 (current)

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Prosecution Projections

5-6
Expected OA Rounds
58%
Grant Probability
81%
With Interview (+22.7%)
3y 6m (~1y 0m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 232 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

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