Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 18, 2026
Application No. 18/651,530

VIDEO ENCODING/DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS UTILIZING MERGE CANDIDATE INDICES

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Apr 30, 2024
Examiner
NGUYEN, KHAI MINH
Art Unit
2641
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
Intellectual Discovery Co. Ltd.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
87%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
91%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 87% — above average
87%
Career Allow Rate
1107 granted / 1271 resolved
+25.1% vs TC avg
Minimal +4% lift
Without
With
+4.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
30 currently pending
Career history
1301
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
8.4%
-31.6% vs TC avg
§103
46.2%
+6.2% vs TC avg
§102
20.9%
-19.1% vs TC avg
§112
8.8%
-31.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1271 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION The present application is being examined under the pre-AIA first to invent provisions. The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1 and 3-10 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Choi et al. (US 20240275992 A1). Considering claim 1, Choi teaches an image decoding method (Fig.3, [0084] video/image decoding), comprising: obtaining flag information from a bitstream (Fig.2-3, [0084] receive a signal output from the encoding apparatus of FIG. 2 in the form of a bitstream), the flag information indicating whether an intra prediction mode of a chroma block is derived as one of inter-component reference-based prediction modes (Figs. 2-3, [0010] obtaining video information comprising prediction mode information for a current chroma block, deriving one of a plurality of cross-component linear model (CCLM) prediction mode as a CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, deriving a sample number of neighboring chroma samples of the current chroma block based on the CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, a size of the current chroma block, and a specific value [0084], [0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode, [0553]-[0554] flag information); determining the intra prediction mode of the chroma block based on the flag information ([0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode, [0553]-[0554] flag information); specifying a neighboring luma region (Fig.5) for inter-component reference of the chroma block based on the intra prediction mode (Fig.5, 24, 26, [0087] determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode, [0103]-[0105] a set of reference samples neighboring a current chroma block for predicting the current chroma block), the neighboring luma region being adjacent to a luma block corresponding to the chroma block (Fig.5-6, [0121] adjacent to the current chroma block and 2N reference samples adjacent to the current luma block); down-sampling the neighboring luma region ([0572] down-sampled neighboring luma); deriving a parameter for the inter-component reference of the chroma block based on pixels obtained by down-sampling the neighboring luma region (Fig.24, [0572] down-sampled neighboring luma samples may include down-sample top neighboring luma samples of the current luma block corresponding to the top neighboring chroma samples, [0111]-[0112] neighboring reference sample pairs (luma and chroma)), the parameter for the inter-component reference including at least one of a weight or an offset ([0069] represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component or represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component); and generating a prediction block of the chroma block based on the parameter ([0070]. generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block. The predictor may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied on a current block or CU basis, [0010] parameters based on the neighboring chroma samples and the down sampled neighboring luma samples). Considering claim 9, Choi teaches an image encoding method, comprising: determining whether an intra prediction mode of a chroma block is derived as one of inter-component reference-based prediction modes (Fig.2-3, [0010] obtaining video information comprising prediction mode information for a current chroma block, deriving one of a plurality of cross-component linear model (CCLM) prediction mode as a CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, deriving a sample number of neighboring chroma samples of the current chroma block based on the CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, a size of the current chroma block, and a specific value [0084], [0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode); determining the intra prediction mode of the chroma block from the inter-component reference-based prediction modes (Fig.2-3, [0010] obtaining video information comprising prediction mode information for a current chroma block, deriving one of a plurality of cross-component linear model (CCLM) prediction mode as a CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, deriving a sample number of neighboring chroma samples of the current chroma block based on the CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, a size of the current chroma block, and a specific value [0084], [0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode); specifying a neighboring luma region (Fig.5) for inter-component reference of the chroma block based on the intra prediction mode (Fig.5, 24, 26, [0087] determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode, [0103]-[0105] a set of reference samples neighboring a current chroma block for predicting the current chroma block), the neighboring luma region being adjacent to a luma block corresponding to the chroma block (Fig.5-6, [0121] adjacent to the current chroma block and 2N reference samples adjacent to the current luma block); down-sampling the neighboring luma region ([0572] down-sampled neighboring luma); deriving a parameter for the inter-component reference of the chroma block based on pixels obtained by down-sampling the neighboring luma region (Fig.24, [0572] down-sampled neighboring luma samples may include down-sample top neighboring luma samples of the current luma block corresponding to the top neighboring chroma samples, [0111]-[0112] neighboring reference sample pairs (luma and chroma)), the parameter for the inter-component reference including at least one of a weight or an offset ([0069] represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component or represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component); and generating a prediction block of the chroma block based on the parameter ([0070]. generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block. The predictor may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied on a current block or CU basis, [0010] parameters based on the neighboring chroma samples and the down sampled neighboring luma samples); encoding flag information ([0553]-[0554] flag information) related to whether the intra prediction mode of the chroma block is derived as the one of the inter-component reference-based prediction modes (Fig.2-3, [0010] obtaining video information comprising prediction mode information for a current chroma block, deriving one of a plurality of cross-component linear model (CCLM) prediction mode as a CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, deriving a sample number of neighboring chroma samples of the current chroma block based on the CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, a size of the current chroma block, and a specific value [0084], [0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode, [0553]-[0554] flag information); Considering claim 10, Choi teaches a method of transmitting a bitstream for an image (Fig.3, [0084] video/image decoding), comprising: determining whether an intra prediction mode of a chroma block is derived as one of inter-component reference-based prediction modes (Fig.2-3, [0010] obtaining video information comprising prediction mode information for a current chroma block, deriving one of a plurality of cross-component linear model (CCLM) prediction mode as a CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, deriving a sample number of neighboring chroma samples of the current chroma block based on the CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, a size of the current chroma block, and a specific value [0084], [0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode); determining the intra prediction mode of the chroma block from the inter-component reference-based prediction modes (Fig.2-3, [0010] obtaining video information comprising prediction mode information for a current chroma block, deriving one of a plurality of cross-component linear model (CCLM) prediction mode as a CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, deriving a sample number of neighboring chroma samples of the current chroma block based on the CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, a size of the current chroma block, and a specific value [0084], [0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode); specifying a neighboring luma region (Fig.5) for inter-component reference of the chroma block based on the intra prediction mode (Fig.5, 24, 26, [0087] determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode, [0103]-[0105] a set of reference samples neighboring a current chroma block for predicting the current chroma block), the neighboring luma region being adjacent to a luma block corresponding to the chroma block (Fig.5-6, [0121] adjacent to the current chroma block and 2N reference samples adjacent to the current luma block); down-sampling the neighboring luma region ([0572] down-sampled neighboring luma); deriving a parameter for the inter-component reference of the chroma block based on pixels obtained by down-sampling the neighboring luma region (Fig.24, [0572] down-sampled neighboring luma samples may include down-sample top neighboring luma samples of the current luma block corresponding to the top neighboring chroma samples, [0111]-[0112] neighboring reference sample pairs (luma and chroma)), the parameter for the inter-component reference including at least one of a weight or an offset ([0069] represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component or represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component); and generating a prediction block of the chroma block based on the parameter ([0070]. generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block. The predictor may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied on a current block or CU basis, [0010] parameters based on the neighboring chroma samples and the down sampled neighboring luma samples); encoding flag information ([0553]-[0554] flag information) related to whether the intra prediction mode of the chroma block is derived as the one of the inter-component reference-based prediction modes (Fig.2-3, [0010] obtaining video information comprising prediction mode information for a current chroma block, deriving one of a plurality of cross-component linear model (CCLM) prediction mode as a CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, deriving a sample number of neighboring chroma samples of the current chroma block based on the CCLM prediction mode of the current chroma block, a size of the current chroma block, and a specific value [0084], [0087] determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the information on the prediction output from the entropy decoder 310 and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode, [0553]-[0554] flag information); and transmitting the bitstream including the flag information ([0553] encode flag information representing whether the number of neighboring reference samples is derived based on the specific value and signal the flag information through a bitmap, [0578]). Considering claim 3, Choi teaches wherein the inter-component reference-based prediction modes include a first mode which refers to both left and top regions adjacent to the chroma block ([0115] Model_Left Top (LM_LT) mode), a second mode which refers to the left region adjacent to the chroma block but does not refer to the top region of the chroma block ([0119] Model_Left (LM_L) mode), and a third mode which refers to the top region adjacent to the chroma block but does not refer to the left region of the chroma block ([0118] Model_Top (LM_T) mode). Considering claim 4, Choi teaches wherein the neighboring luma region includes at least one of a top neighboring luma region or a left neighboring luma region, wherein the top neighboring luma region includes N pixel lines (N rows) and the left neighboring luma region includes M pixel lines (M columns), and wherein N and M are integers greater than 0, and N is set to a different value than M (Fig.7, [0069] an M×N block may represent a set of samples or transform coefficients composed of M columns and N rows. A sample may generally represent a pixel or a value of a pixel, may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component). Considering claim 5, Choi teaches wherein down-sampling the neighboring luma region is performed based on a luma pixel at a specific position ([0111]) and a neighboring pixel of the luma pixel ([0111]-[0112]). Considering claim 6, Choi teaches wherein the specific position includes positions of one or more pixels selected among a plurality of pixels belonging to a neighboring chroma region of the chroma block (S820, S830, S845, S850, Fig.8B, [0111]-[0112] a position of a pixel). Considering claim 7, Choi teaches wherein the one or more pixels are one or more pixels positioned at every predetermined interval in the neighboring chroma region of the chroma block (table 29, Fig.8B, [0421], [0639] predetermined time). Considering claim 8, Choi teaches wherein the neighboring pixel includes a pixel positioned in at least one of a left, right, top, bottom, top-left, bottom-left, top-right, or bottom-right direction of the luma pixel ([0100], [0111]-[0112] a position of a pixel, ([0069] an M×N block may represent a set of samples or transform coefficients composed of M columns and N rows. A sample may generally represent a pixel or a value of a pixel, may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component). Allowable Subject Matter Claim 2 is objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Jang (US 20210112262 A1) teaches a method for parallel processing of color components of a video signal and an apparatus therefor are disclosed. Specifically, there is provided a method for decoding images based on an intra prediction mode, the method comprising: parsing a syntax element indicating whether a CCLM (cross-component linear model) intra prediction on a current chroma block is disabled or not; deriving an intra prediction mode applied to the current chroma block; and generating a prediction sample for the current chroma block based on the intra prediction mode, wherein, when the CCLM intra prediction is disabled, the intra prediction mode is derived in a predetermined first prediction mode set, when the CCLM intra prediction is not disabled, the intra prediction mode is derived in a predetermined second prediction mode set, and the second prediction mode set includes intra prediction modes included in the first prediction mode set and the CCLM intra prediction mode. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to KHAI MINH NGUYEN whose telephone number is (571)272-7923. The examiner can normally be reached 6-3. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Charles Appiah can be reached at 571-272-7904. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /KHAI M NGUYEN/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2641
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Apr 30, 2024
Application Filed
Apr 01, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12604176
EMBEDDED SUBSCRIBER IDENTIFICATION MODULE WITH SECURE PROFILES
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12598503
RADIO INTERFACE MEASUREMENTS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12588863
Systems and methods for preventing and treating wrinkles
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12587850
SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF ENFORCING POLICY COMPLIANCE OF VEHICLES
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12581402
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CELL SELECTION, TERMINAL, NETWORK DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
87%
Grant Probability
91%
With Interview (+4.2%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1271 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month