Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/664,422

RELAY

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
May 15, 2024
Examiner
TALPALATSKI, ALEXANDER
Art Unit
2837
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Xiamen Hongfa Electric Power Controls Co. Ltd.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
72%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 7m
To Grant
83%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 72% — above average
72%
Career Allow Rate
598 granted / 831 resolved
+4.0% vs TC avg
Moderate +11% lift
Without
With
+11.1%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 7m
Avg Prosecution
39 currently pending
Career history
870
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.9%
-39.1% vs TC avg
§103
48.4%
+8.4% vs TC avg
§102
29.9%
-10.1% vs TC avg
§112
17.5%
-22.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 831 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Election/Restrictions Applicant’s election without traverse of Species 1, Claims 1-16, Figures 1-5 and 11 in the reply filed on 03/05/2026 is acknowledged. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-12 and 14-16 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102a1 as being anticipated by Connell (US 9484172). In re claim 1, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses a relay, comprising: a base (24) having a middle area, a first contact area and a second contact area (contact areas are areas where the contacts are positioned), the middle area is arranged between the first contact area and the second contact area, the first contact area and the second contact area are arranged spaced with each other along the first direction (as seen in figures 1-2); a pair of contact parts respectively arranged in the first contact area and the second contact area; each contact part comprising two sets of the movable contact part, each set of the movable contact part comprising a movable contact piece (40,54), a movable contact and a static contact (50,70), the movable contact piece having a first end and a second end in a second direction, the movable contact being provided on the first end and the static contact being provided on the second end (as seen in figures 1-2); two movable contacts corresponding to two static contacts respectively in each contact part; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; and a magnetic circuit part arranged on the middle area of the base (as shown in figure 2), and configured to drive four movable contact pieces of the pair of contact parts through a push rod assembly (shown in figure 2) to move, thereby realizing connection or disconnection of the movable contact and the static contact. In re claim 2, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that each set of movable contact part further comprises a movable contact leading-out piece (12-18) connected to the movable contact piece. In re claim 3, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that four movable contact leading- out pieces in a pair of contact part are located at four corners of the base respectively (as seen in figure 2). In re claim 4, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that in each set of the movable contact part, the static contact is located at a connection position of the second end and the movable contact leading-out piece of the movable contact piece (as seen in figure 2). In re claim 5, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that a length of the movable contact piece extends along the second direction (as shown in figures 1-2). In re claim 6, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that the base comprises: a first partition, arranged between the first contact area and the middle area; a second partition, arranged between the second contact area and the middle area (these partitions are shown in figure 4). In re claim 7, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that the base further has a first moving area and a second moving area (areas where the pushrods are positioned) spaced from each other along the second direction, and the middle area is located between the first moving area and the second moving area; the push rod assembly comprises a first push rod and a second push rod (122), the magnetic circuit part respectively drivably connected to the first push rod and the second push rod, so that the first push rod movably arranged in the first moving area, and the second push rod movably arranged in the second moving area; one end of the first push rod is connected to the first end of one of the movable contact pieces of the contact part in the first contact area, the other end of the first push rod is connected to the first end of one of the movable contact pieces of the contact part in the second contact area (as seen in figure 2); one end of the second push rod is connected to the first end of one of the other movable contact pieces of the contact part in the first contact area, the other end of the second push rod is connected to the first end of the other movable contact piece of the contact part in the second contact area (as seen in figure 2). In re claim 8, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that the magnetic circuit part comprises a coil assembly (94-96) and an armature assembly (114), the armature assembly is pivotally connected to the base under a magnetic driving action of the coil assembly; the armature assembly is respectively connected to the first push rod and the second push rod and configured to drive the first push rod and the second push rod to reciprocate in the first direction. In re claim 9, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that the first push rod and the second push rod move in opposite directions (as seen in figure 2). In re claim 10, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that the first contact area, the first moving area, the second contact area and the second moving area are sequentially connected end-to-end to form a rectangular structure (as seen in figures 2 and 4). In re claim 11, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that in a pair of contact part, four sets of the movable contact and the static contact are located at four corners of the rectangular structure respectively (as seen in figures 1-2). In re claim 12, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that each set of the movable contact part further comprises a movable contact leading-out piece (12-16) connected to the movable contact piece, the static contact is arranged on the movable contact piece and/or the movable contact leading-out piece; four movable contact leading-out pieces in a pair of contact part are located at four corners of the rectangular structure respectively (as seen in figure 2). In re claim 14, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that the movable contact piece comprises a plurality of sub-contact pieces stacked with each other (see last paragraph of column 8 and first paragraph of column 9). In re claim 15, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that two movable contact pieces in the contact part are parallel with each other, and the two movable contact pieces have inner surfaces facing each other (as seen in figures 1-2). In re claim 16, Connell, in figures 1-8, discloses that a length direction and the second direction of the movable contact piece are parallel with each other; opposite ends of the movable contact piece in the length direction are respectively provided with the first end and the second end (as seen in figures 1-2). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 13 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Connell (US 9484172) in view of Hoffmann (US 10541097). In re claim 13, Connell discloses partitions but does not disclose third and fourth partitions. Hoffmann however teaches that partitioning first and second moving areas from the middle area is known in the art (structures 90a and 90b partition the moving areas from the middle area). Therefore it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have positioned additional partitions between the middle area and the moving areas of Connell as taught by Hoffmann to provide more support. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. A list of pertinent prior art is attached in form PTO-892. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Alexander Talpalatski whose telephone number is (571)270-3908. The examiner can normally be reached 10 AM - 6 PM PT. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Shawki Ismail can be reached at 5712723985. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /Alexander Talpalatski/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2837
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

May 15, 2024
Application Filed
Mar 25, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
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Patent 12549051
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2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
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2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
72%
Grant Probability
83%
With Interview (+11.1%)
2y 7m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 831 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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