Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/676,128

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DETERMINING SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL BEAMS

Non-Final OA §103§112
Filed
May 28, 2024
Examiner
PYO, KEVIN K
Art Unit
2878
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Vulcanforms Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
87%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 4m
To Grant
98%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 87% — above average
87%
Career Allow Rate
746 granted / 857 resolved
+19.0% vs TC avg
Moderate +11% lift
Without
With
+10.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 4m
Avg Prosecution
27 currently pending
Career history
884
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.5%
-38.5% vs TC avg
§103
43.2%
+3.2% vs TC avg
§102
32.9%
-7.1% vs TC avg
§112
18.1%
-21.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 857 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §112
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Applicant’s election without traverse of Species I (i.e. claims 1-38) in the reply filed on 2/3/2026 is acknowledged. Currently, claims 1-38 are pending for the present application. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 Claims 17 and 20-24 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Regarding claims 17, the phrase “the first portion” in line 2 lacks a proper antecedent basis. Regarding claim 20, the phrase “the multiple optical elements” in lines 2-3 lacks a proper antecedent basis. Regarding claim 22, the phrase “the first surface” in line 2 lacks a proper antecedent basis. In addition, the phrase “the first portion” in line 2 lacks a proper antecedent basis. Claims not specifically mentioned above are rejected by virtue of their dependency on a rejected claim. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-20, 22-23, 25-26 and 28-36 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Scaggs (US 8,237,922 B2) in view of Munz et al (WO 2011/023765 A1). Regarding claim 1, Scaggs shows in Fig.2 the following elements of applicant’s claim: an inlet (col.3, lines 49-54; in view of receiving fiber laser beam 12 emitted from fiber lasers, the apparatus 10 implicitly comprises an entry for accepting the fiber laser beam 12) configured to receive a laser energy beam emitted from a laser energy source; an optic module (optical elements in Fig.2) comprising one or more surfaces configured to direct at least a portion of the laser energy beam; and a photosensitive sensor array (30, 36) position to receive the portion of the laser energy beam directed from the optics module (Fig.2). Although Scaggs does not specifically mention the use of uncoated surface for the optics module, such use is known in the art as disclosed by Munz et al (page 15, lines 5-7; page 18, lines 14-19; claims 20-21) and it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the teachings of Munz et al in the device of Scaggs in view of the desire to avoid of suffering the degradation experienced by optical coatings when exposed to high power laser beams resulting in improving the performance of the optical system. Regarding claim 28, the method steps therein are inherently disclosed by the device of Scaggs in view of Munz et al. Regarding claims 2-8 and 29-33, Scaggs discloses (Fig.2) the use of an optical interferometer (14) comprising a first reflector (16) and a second reflector (18). The specific configuration and scheme utilized for the first and second reflectors of the optical interferometer would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of meeting different design requirements and achieving the particular desired performance. Regarding claims 9-11, the limitations therein are shown in Figs.1-3 of Scaggs. Regarding claim 12, the provision of a third reflector downstream from the interferometer would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the desire to direct the laser beam to a different direction resulting in affording the photosensitive sensor array at different locations. Regarding claims 13-14 and 36, the limitations therein are disclosed in col.2, lines 7-10 and col.4, lines 65-67 of Scaggs. Regarding claim 15-18, as far as the claim is understood, the limitations therein are disclosed by the modified device of Scaggs (col.3, line 49-col.4, line 67; Fig.2) in view of Munz et al (page 15, lines 5-7; page 18, lines 14-19; claims 20-21; Figs. 14, 16A-16B). Regarding claim 19, Scaggs discloses the use of an energy detector (36) to receive a second portion of the laser energy beam transmitted through a second optical element (24). Regarding claim 20, as far as the claim is understood, Scaggs discloses the use of a photodetector (30) to receive a third portion of the laser energy beam transmitted through a third optical element (28). Regarding claim 22, as far as the claim is understood, Scaggs discloses that an optical interferometer (14) receives a portion of the laser energy beam reflected off a surface of a third optical element (28). Regarding claim 23, Scaggs discloses the recited first optical element (20). Regarding claims 25 and 34, the limitations therein are disclosed in col.4, lines 7-42 of Scaggs. Regarding claims 26 and 35, the specific reflectivity of an uncoated surface would have been an obvious design choice to one of ordinary skill in the art depending on the needs of particular application and involving only routine skill in the art. Claim(s) 27 and 37-38 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Scaggs (US 8,237,922 B2) in view of Munz et al (WO 2011/023765 A1), and further in view of Kramer et al (US 2019/0217422 A1). Regarding claim 27, although the laser beam analysis device of Scaggs doesn’t specifically mention that its device is used in an additive manufacturing system, such use is known in the art as disclosed by Kramer et al (Fig.1; paragraph 1) and it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the teachings of Kramer et al in the modified device of Scaggs in view of the desire to allow for precise measurement and analysis of laser beam parameters resulting in improving the overall efficiency and quality of additive manufacturing processes. Regarding claims 37 and 38, the method steps therein are inherently disclosed by the modified device of Scaggs. Allowable Subject Matter Claim 21 and 24 would be allowable if rewritten to overcome the rejection(s) under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), 2nd paragraph, set forth in this Office action and to include all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: Regarding claim 21, the prior art fails to disclose or make obvious an optical sensing system comprising, in addition to the other recited features of claim 1 and intervening claims 2, 16 and 19-20, the limitation of “the third portion of the laser energy beam is received by the photodetector upon transmission through a first surface of the third optical element, reflection off a second surface of the third optical element, and refraction at the first surface”. Regarding claim 24, the prior art fails to disclose or make obvious an optical sensing system comprising, in addition to the other recited features of claim 1 and intervening claims 2, 16 and 19-20, the limitation of “the first optical element comprises a right angle prism configured to reflect the laser energy beam by total internal reflection”. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to KEVIN K PYO whose telephone number is (571)272-2445. The examiner can normally be reached 9:00-5:30 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Georgia Y Epps can be reached at 571-272-2328. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /KEVIN K PYO/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2878
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

May 28, 2024
Application Filed
Apr 02, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
87%
Grant Probability
98%
With Interview (+10.6%)
2y 4m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 857 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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