Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/684,243

METHOD OF GNB-DU APPARATUS, METHOD OF UE AND GNB-DU APPARATUS

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Feb 16, 2024
Examiner
MARKS, RACHEL ELIZABETH
Art Unit
2412
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
NEC Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
95%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 0m
To Grant
96%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 95% — above average
95%
Career Allow Rate
62 granted / 65 resolved
+37.4% vs TC avg
Minimal +1% lift
Without
With
+1.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
20 currently pending
Career history
85
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.9%
-37.1% vs TC avg
§103
47.9%
+7.9% vs TC avg
§102
33.6%
-6.4% vs TC avg
§112
12.5%
-27.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 65 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . DETAILED ACTION This action is in response to filing on 02/16/2024. Claims 1, 4, and 15 are currently pending in the application. Claims 1, 4, and 15 are currently rejected. Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statements (IDS) submitted on 02/16/2024 and 06/12/2025 are in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statements are being considered by the examiner. Claim Objections Claim 15 is objected to because of the following informalities: Claim 15 line 6 recites “UE CONTEXT T RELEASE REQUEST”. The ‘T’ between ‘CONTEXT’ and ‘RELEASE’ is being considered a typographical error and will be treated as such for the purpose of examination. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows: 1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art. 2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue. 3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art. 4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness. Claims 1 and 15 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Bae (Pub. No.: US 2022/0279391 A1) in view of Hwang (Pub. No.: US 2022/0007212 A1). Regarding claim 1, Bae teaches A method of a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) apparatus (Bae [0018]: method performed by a distributed unit (DU) of a candidate BS (gNB); [0064]: each of the BSs may be referred to as a gNB; claim 23: DU apparatus), the method comprising: detecting failure of a gNB Centralized Unit User Plane (gNB-CU-UP) apparatus (Bae [0183]: DU determines that it is impossible to maintain a radio resource allocated for the terminal (detects failure: “impossible to maintain a CU-UP resource allocated for the terminal”)); sending a UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message to a gNB Centralized Unit Control Plane (gNB-CU-CP) apparatus in a case of detecting the failure of the gNB-CU-UP apparatus (Bae fig. 23 and [0183]: sending a UE context release request message to a gNB CU CP as a result of it being impossible to maintain a radio resource allocated for the terminal (in case of detecting failure)), wherein the UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message includes information indicating detection of the failure of the gNB-CU-UP apparatus and information indicating that Radio Resource control (RRC) connection with a User Equipment (UE) needs to be re-established (Bae [0183]: UE context release request message used as an indication of it being impossible to maintain a radio resource allocated (failure detection), which in turn causes an RRC connection reconfiguration (reestablished RRC connection with UE/terminal)); receiving a UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message from the gNB-CU-CP apparatus (Bae fig. 23 and [0187]: receiving a UE context release command from the CU CP); and Bae appears to be silent regarding the DU sending an RRC release message to the UE. However, Hwang, in the analogous art of DU/CU architecture and failure detection, teaches sending a RRC Release message to the UE (Hwang fig. 1K: 1K-100, sending an RRC release message from the DU to the UE). It would have been obvious to someone of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have modified Bae to incorporate the teachings of Hwang and send an RRC release message to the UE. Doing so would allow for RRC reestablishment as a result of node failure indication (Hwang [0160]). Regarding claim 15, Bae teaches A gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) apparatus (Bae [0018]: a distributed unit (DU) of a candidate BS (gNB); [0064]: each of the BSs may be referred to as a gNB; claim 23: DU apparatus) comprising one or more memories storing instructions (Bae [0074]: memory) and one or more processors configured to execute the instructions (Bae [0019]: DU includes at least one processor to perform the method) to: detect failure of a gNB Centralized Unit User Plane (gNB- CU-UP) apparatus (Bae [0183]: DU determines that it is impossible to maintain a radio resource allocated for the terminal (detects failure: “impossible to maintain a CU-UP resource allocated for the terminal”)); send a UE CONTEXT T RELEASE REQUEST message to a gNB Centralized Unit Control Plane (gNB-CU-CP) apparatus in a case of detecting the failure of the gNB-CU-UP apparatus (Bae fig. 23 and [0183]: sending a UE context release request message to a gNB CU CP as a result of it being impossible to maintain a radio resource allocated for the terminal (in case of detecting failure)), wherein the UE CONTEXT RELEASE REQUEST message includes information indicating detection of the failure of the gNB-CU-UP apparatus and information indicating that Radio Resource control (RRC) connection with a User Equipment (UE) needs to be re-established (Bae [0183]: UE context release request message used as an indication of it being impossible to maintain a radio resource allocated (failure detection), which in turn causes an RRC connection reconfiguration (reestablished RRC connection with UE/terminal)); receive a UE CONTEXT RELEASE COMMAND message from the gNB-CU-CP apparatus (Bae fig. 23 and [0187]: receiving a UE context release command from the CU CP); and… Bae appears to be silent regarding the DU sending an RRC release message to the UE. However, Hwang, in the analogous art of DU/CU architecture and failure detection, teaches send a RRC Release message to the UE (Hwang fig. 1K: 1K-100, sending an RRC release message from the DU to the UE). It would have been obvious to someone of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have modified Bae to incorporate the teachings of Hwang and send an RRC release message to the UE. Doing so would allow for RRC reestablishment as a result of node failure indication (Hwang [0160]). Claim 4 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Hwang (Pub. No.: US 2022/0007212 A1) in view of Bae (Pub. No.: US 2022/0279391 A1) further in view of Kim (Pub. No.: US 2023/0319687 A1). Regarding claim 4, Hwang teaches A method of a User Equipment (UE) (Hwang [0050]: method for terminal (UE)), the method comprising: receiving a RRC Release message from a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) apparatus in a case where a… apparatus fails (Hwang [0160] and fig. 1K: UE receives RRC release message from a gNB DU as a result of a node failure), wherein the RRC Release message includes information indicating detection of failure of the … apparatus and information indicating that Radio Resource control (RRC) connection needs to be re-established (Hwang [0160]: RRC release message indicating failure and causing RRC reestablishment to be performed); and… Hwang does not appear to explicitly teach that the node failure is specifically the gNB-CU-UP. However, Bae, in the analogous art of CU/DU architecture, teaches a gNB Centralized Unit User Plane (gNB-CU-UP) apparatus fails… gNB-CU-UP (Bae [0183]: it is impossible to maintain a radio resource allocated for the terminal (detects failure), “impossible to maintain a CU-UP resource allocated for the terminal”) It would have been obvious to someone of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have modified Hwang to incorporate the teachings of Bae and have the apparatus that fails be a gNB-CU-UP. Doing so would allow for determination of whether a handover should be cancelled and if an RRC reconfiguration is required (Bae [0183]). Hwang modified by Bae does not appear to explicitly teach initiating a procedure to establish a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session after receiving the RRC Release message. However, Kim, in the analogous art of CU/DU architecture, teaches initiating a procedure to establish a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session after receiving the RRC Release message (Kim fig. 11a and [0387]: waiting until after RRC release message before sending PDU session request (initiating procedure to establish a PDU session)). It would have been obvious to someone of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to have modified the combination of Bae and Hwang to incorporate the teachings of Kim and initiate a procedure to establish a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session after receiving the RRC Release message. Doing so would allow for a handover to be completed before giving notifications regarding the PDU session (Kim [0387]). Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant’s disclosure. Teyeb et al. (Pub. No.: US 2023/0328604 A1) discloses context release triggered in the gNB-CU-UP due to a local failure. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to RACHEL E MARKS whose telephone number is (703)756-1309. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Fri 8:30am-6pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Charles C Jiang can be reached at (571)270-7191. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /R.E.M./Examiner, Art Unit 2412 /CHARLES C JIANG/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2412
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Prosecution Timeline

Feb 16, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 24, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
95%
Grant Probability
96%
With Interview (+1.0%)
3y 0m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 65 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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