Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/695,251

PROBABILISTIC AMPLITUDE SHAPING APPLIED TO PAPR REDUCTION

Non-Final OA §112
Filed
Mar 25, 2024
Examiner
SALTARELLI, DOMINIC D
Art Unit
2421
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Nokia Technologies Oy
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
78%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
94%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 78% — above average
78%
Career Allow Rate
658 granted / 838 resolved
+20.5% vs TC avg
Strong +16% interview lift
Without
With
+16.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
18 currently pending
Career history
856
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
5.0%
-35.0% vs TC avg
§103
43.7%
+3.7% vs TC avg
§102
26.4%
-13.6% vs TC avg
§112
3.4%
-36.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 838 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 29-48 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claims 29, 38, and 41 each recite the limitation "probabilities in the set of probabilities ". There is insufficient antecedent basis for this limitation in the claim. It is unclear whether the “set of probabilities” refers to the set of probabilities corresponding to a lower peak-to-average power ratio or the set of equal probabilities of transitions between modulation symbols. Applicant is advised to refer to the “set of probabilities” as a “first set of a probabilities” and the “set of equal probabilities of transitions between modulation symbols” as a “second set of equal probabilities of transitions between modulation symbols”. This will clarify that the processing of the input bit sequence into a symbol sequence conforms to the first set of probabilities corresponding to the lower peak to average power ratio (PAPR), achieving the desired result of managing the PAPR directly with the modulation scheme as recited in applicant’s originally filed specification. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 29-48 are allowable over the prior art. Said claims are drawn to an apparatus and method for encoding a bit string into a symbol sequence using a probability set describing the probabilities of transitions between modulation symbols that is specifically chosen to lower the PAPR relative to a set of equal probabilities. While the prior is replete with examples of managing PAPR in digital transmissions (see for example Back et al. 2022/0278882 paragraphs 0144 and 0240, Yoshida WO 2022/085137 A1, Liu et al. 2020/0204325 paragraph 0194, and Horn et al. 2022/0166481), said prior art does not appear to teach or reasonably suggest at the time of effective filing applicant’s claimed invention of utilizing a probability set specifically selected to have a lower PAPR than a corresponding set of equal probabilities, as claimed. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DOMINIC D SALTARELLI whose telephone number is (571)272-7302. The examiner can normally be reached 9:00 am - 5:00 pm EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Nathan Flynn can be reached at (571) 272-1915. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /DOMINIC D SALTARELLI/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2421
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Mar 25, 2024
Application Filed
Feb 26, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12597329
CELLULAR AND LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) CONVERTERS FOR PREMISES MONITORING SYSTEMS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12597895
LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIER WITH MOM Q ENHANCEMENT
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12593095
BROADCAST RECEIVING APPARATUS AND DISPLAY CONTROL METHOD
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12587722
SYSTEMS, METHOD AND NON-TRANSITORY COMPUTER-READABLE MEDIUM FOR GENERATING EROTIC MULTIMEDIA CONTENT
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12575903
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR SURGICAL ROBOT SYSTEM WITH SAFETY DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
78%
Grant Probability
94%
With Interview (+16.0%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 838 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month