Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/702,521

HYBRID SYSTEM

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Apr 18, 2024
Examiner
ISLAM, MUHAMMAD S
Art Unit
2846
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Kubota Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
88%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 1m
To Grant
96%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 88% — above average
88%
Career Allow Rate
523 granted / 595 resolved
+19.9% vs TC avg
Moderate +8% lift
Without
With
+7.7%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Fast prosecutor
2y 1m
Avg Prosecution
13 currently pending
Career history
608
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.5%
-37.5% vs TC avg
§103
33.0%
-7.0% vs TC avg
§102
34.3%
-5.7% vs TC avg
§112
25.4%
-14.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 595 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION This action is responsive to the following communications: the Application filed on April 18, 2024. Claims 1-6 are presented for Examination. Claim 1 is independent. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Specification The title of the invention is not descriptive. A new title is required that is clearly indicative of the invention to which the claims are directed. Suggested title “a hybrid system that can improve safety of a secondary battery that supplies power to a motor generator”. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-6 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Kawahara et al (US 20110313613). Regarding independent claim 1, Kawahara et al disclose that a hybrid system(Fig.1-3) comprising: a motor generator (Fig.2:200); a secondary battery (Fig.2:100) that is provided as a drive power source for the motor generator and supplies power to the motor generator; a positive electrode-side contactor (Fig.2:430) that opens and closes an electric circuit between a positive electrode of the secondary battery and the motor generator; a negative electrode-side contactor (Fig.2:440) that opens and closes an electric circuit between a negative electrode of the secondary battery and the motor generator; a first control unit (Fig.2:130) that controls one of the positive electrode-side contactor and the negative electrode-side contactor; and a second control unit (Fig.2:8) that controls the other of the positive electrode-side contactor and the negative electrode-side contactor, based on a control signal transmitted from the first control unit. Regarding claim 2, Kawahara et al disclose that wherein the first control unit and the second control unit communicate with each other (Fig. 1:8,130), the second control unit (8) monitors a state of the secondary battery, and when the second control unit detects an abnormality in the secondary battery, the first control unit executes control to open the one of the contactors, and the second control unit executes control to open the other of the contactors independently without depending on the control signal ([0059]). Regarding claim 3, Kawahara et al disclose that wherein the first control unit (130) and the second control unit (8) communicate with each other and monitor mutual states thereof, when the first control unit detects an abnormality in the second control unit, the first control unit executes control to open the one of the contactors, and when the second control unit detects an abnormality in the first control unit, the second control unit independently executes control to open the other of the contactors without depending on the control signal ([0068]). Regarding claim 4, Kawahara et al disclose that wherein the one of the contactors is the positive electrode-side contactor (430), and the other of the contactors is the negative electrode-side contactor (440). Regarding claim 5, Kawahara et al disclose that wherein the first control unit (Fig.1: 130) is an engine (Fig.1: 200) control unit that controls an engine, and the second control unit is a battery management unit (Fig.1: 8) that is built into a battery pack and controls an operation of the battery pack. Regarding claim 6, Kawahara et al disclose that wherein the secondary battery is a lithium-ion battery ([0061]). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MUHAMMAD S ISLAM whose telephone number is (571)272-8439. The examiner can normally be reached on 9:30am to 6:00pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Eduardo Colon-Santana can be reached on 571-272-2060. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see https://ppair-my.uspto.gov/pair/PrivatePair. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MUHAMMAD S ISLAM/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2846
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Apr 18, 2024
Application Filed
Dec 26, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
88%
Grant Probability
96%
With Interview (+7.7%)
2y 1m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 595 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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