Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/731,537

ILLUMINATION DEVICE

Final Rejection §103
Filed
Jun 03, 2024
Examiner
APENTENG, JESSICA MCMILLAN
Art Unit
2875
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Magnolia White Corporation
OA Round
4 (Final)
66%
Grant Probability
Favorable
5-6
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
84%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 66% — above average
66%
Career Allow Rate
636 granted / 969 resolved
-2.4% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+18.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
68 currently pending
Career history
1037
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.1%
-39.9% vs TC avg
§103
59.1%
+19.1% vs TC avg
§102
29.1%
-10.9% vs TC avg
§112
7.0%
-33.0% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 969 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-5, 7-10 and 12 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Grief et al. (US 2020/0310120 A1) in view of Duer (US 2010/0302544 A1) and Nichol et al. (US 2023/0350122 A1). Regarding claim 1, Grief et al. teaches an Illumination device comprising: light sources (100R, 100G, 100B; see at least figure 6A); PNG media_image1.png 291 384 media_image1.png Greyscale a distributing light guide element (601; figure 6A) including a first side surface opposing the light sources (100R, 100G, 100B; see at least figure 6A), a second side surface on an opposite side to the first side (see 601 in at least figure 6A), and light waveguides (609G, 609B, 609R; see at least figure 6A) extending from the first side surface towards the second side surface (see at least figure 6A); and a light guide (608; figure 6A) including a third side surface (see figure 6A) opposing the second side surface and a first main surface, wherein each of the light waveguides (609G, 609R, 609B) includes a first end portion into which light emitted from a corresponding light source enters (see figure 6A), and a second end portion from which the light entering from the first end portion and propagating in the light waveguide (609G, 609B, 609R) is emitted, and the light emitted from the second end portions enters the light guide (608: via the second side surface and the third side surface, propagates in the light guide (608), and is emitted from the first main surface with uniform luminance in a plan-view (see figure 6A). Grief et al. does not explicitly teach each of the light waveguides branches off from one first end portion facing a corresponding light source and the plurality of second end portions which branch off from one first end portion, are positioned entirely across the second side surface. PNG media_image2.png 652 528 media_image2.png Greyscale Duer teaches each of the light waveguides (720) branches off from one first end portion facing a corresponding light source (718) and the plurality of second end portions (see figure 7D, portions of the fibers 720 inside of the substrate 704) which branch off from one first end portion, are positioned entirely across the second side surface (see figure 7D where the second end portions are positioned entirely across the second side surface, where the second side surface is the end of the substrate 704 opposite the side where the fibers enter the substrate). It would have been obvious to one having skill in the art before the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to include waveguides wherein each of the light waveguides branches off from one first end portion facing a corresponding light source and the plurality of second end portions which branch off from one first end portion, are positioned entirely across the second side surfaces as taught by Duer to tap light from the excitation waveguides (see paragraph [0235] of Duer). Grief et al. in view of Duer does not explicitly teach pitches of the plurality of second end portions are varied in accordance with a shape of a display device to be illuminated by the illumination device. PNG media_image3.png 406 609 media_image3.png Greyscale Nichol et al. (US 2023/0350122 A1) teaches pitches of second end portions are varied in accordance with a shape of a display device to be illuminated by the illumination device (see paragraph [0231] and at least figure 26 where the pitch of the second end portion 5802 of light guide 104 is varied). It would have been obvious to one having skill in the art before the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to teach pitches of second end portions are varied as taught by Nichol et al. so that luminance uniformity of the light reaching the object of illumination is achieved (see paragraph [0107] of Nichol et al.). Regarding claim 2, Grief et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 1, wherein the second side surface and the third side surface are parallel to each other (see 608 in at least figure 6A), and the light waveguides (609B, 609G, 609R) are each bent in a thickness direction near the second end portion (see figure 6A). Regarding claim 3, Grief et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 1, wherein the third side surface is inclined with respect to the first main surface (620; see at least figure 6A), and the second side surface and the third side surface are not parallel to each other. Regarding claim 4, Grief et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 2, wherein the light sources include a first light source which emits red laser light (100R; paragraph [0039]), a second light source which emits green laser light (100G; paragraph [0039]), and a third light source which emits blue laser light (100B; paragraph [0039]). Regarding claim 5, Grief et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 4, wherein a light waveguide (609B, 609R, 609G ) corresponding to the first light source (100B), a light waveguide corresponding to the second light source (100R), and a light waveguide corresponding to the third light source (100G) are located hierarchically along the thickness direction and do not intersect each other (see at least figure 6A). Regarding claim 7, Grief et al. teaches an illumination device comprising: light sources (100B, 100G, 100R; see at least figure 6A); a distributing light guide element (601) including a first side surface opposing the light sources (100B, 100G, 100R; see at least figure 6A), a second side surface on an opposite side to the first side surface (see at least figure 6A), and light waveguides (609G, 609R, 609B)extending from the first side surface towards the second side surface; a light guide (608; see figure 6A) located above the distributing light guide element (601) and including a first main surface (see figure 6A) and a third side surface overlapping the second side surface in plan view; and a reflector (see paragraph [0050]) opposing the second side surface and the third side surface, wherein each of the light waveguides (609B, 609R, 609G) includes a first end portion into which light emitted from a corresponding light source (100R, 100G, 100B) enters, and a second end portion from which the light entering from the first end and propagating in the light waveguide (609B, 609R, 609G) is emitted, and the light emitted from the second end portions is reflected by the reflector, enters the light guide (608), propagates in the light guide (608), and is emitted from the first main surface (620) with uniform luminance in a plan-view. Duer teaches each of the light waveguides (720) branches off from one first end portion facing a corresponding light source (718) and the plurality of second end portions (see figure 7D, portions of the fibers 720 inside of the substrate 704) which branch off from one first end portion, are positioned entirely across the second side surface (see figure 7D where the second end portions are positioned entirely across the second side surface, where the second side surface is the end of the substrate 704 opposite the side where the fibers enter the substrate). It would have been obvious to one having skill in the art before the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to include waveguides wherein each of the light waveguides branches off from one first end portion facing a corresponding light source and the plurality of second end portions which branch off from one first end portion, are positioned entirely across the second side surfaces as taught by Duer to tap light from the excitation waveguides (see paragraph [0235] of Duer). Grief et al. in view of Duer does not explicitly teach pitches of the plurality of second end portions are varied in accordance with a shape of a display device to be illuminated by the illumination device. PNG media_image3.png 406 609 media_image3.png Greyscale Nichol et al. (US 2023/0350122 A1) teaches pitches of second end portions are varied in accordance with a shape of a display device to be illuminated by the illumination device (see paragraph [0231] and at least figure 26 where the pitch of the second end portion 5802 of light guide 104 is varied). It would have been obvious to one having skill in the art before the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to teach pitches of second end portions are varied as taught by Nichol et al. so that luminance uniformity of the light reaching the object of illumination is achieved (see paragraph [0107] of Nichol et al.). Regarding claim 8, Grief et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 7, wherein the light waveguides (609R, 609B, 609G) are each bent in a thickness direction near the second end portion (see figure 6A). Regarding claim 9, Grier et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 7, wherein the light sources (100R, 100G, 100B; figure 6A) include a first light source which emits red laser light (100R), a second light source which emits green laser light (100G), and a third light source which emits blue laser light (100B). Regarding claim 10, Greif et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 9, wherein a light waveguide (609B, 609G, 609R) corresponding to the first light source (100B), a light waveguide corresponding to the second light source (100G), and a light waveguide corresponding to the third light source (100R) are located hierarchically in the thickness direction and do not intersect each other (see at least figure 6A). Regarding claim 12, Grief et al. teaches an illumination device comprising: light sources (100R, 100G, 100B; see at least figure 6A); a distributing light guide element (601; see figure 6A) including a first side surface opposing the light sources (100R, 100G, 100B), a second side surface on an opposite side to the first side surface (see at least figure 6A), a first main surface (620), and light waveguides (609R, 609B, 609G) extending from the first side surface towards the second side surface (see at least figure 6A), and a reflector (paragraph 0050]) opposing the second side surface, wherein each of the light waveguides (609R, 609B, 609G) includes a first end portion into which light emitted from a corresponding light source enters (100R, 100G, 100B), and a second end portion from which the light entering from the first end portion and propagating in the light waveguide (609R, 609B, 609G) is emitted, and the light emitted from the second end portions is reflected by the reflector (see paragraph [0050]), propagates in the distributing light guide element (601), and is emitted from the first main surface (620) with uniform luminance in a plan-view. Duer teaches each of the light waveguides (720) branches off from one first end portion facing a corresponding light source (718) and the plurality of second end portions (see figure 7D, portions of the fibers 720 inside of the substrate 704) which branch off from one first end portion, are positioned entirely across the second side surface (see figure 7D where the second end portions are positioned entirely across the second side surface, where the second side surface is the end of the substrate 704 opposite the side where the fibers enter the substrate). It would have been obvious to one having skill in the art before the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to include waveguides wherein each of the light waveguides branches off from one first end portion facing a corresponding light source and the plurality of second end portions which branch off from one first end portion, are positioned entirely across the second side surfaces as taught by Duer to tap light from the excitation waveguides (see paragraph [0235] of Duer). Grief et al. in view of Duer does not explicitly teach pitches of the plurality of second end portions are varied in accordance with a shape of a display device to be illuminated by the illumination device. PNG media_image3.png 406 609 media_image3.png Greyscale Nichol et al. (US 2023/0350122 A1) teaches pitches of second end portions are varied in accordance with a shape of a display device to be illuminated by the illumination device (see paragraph [0231] and at least figure 26 where the pitch of the second end portion 5802 of light guide 104 is varied). It would have been obvious to one having skill in the art before the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to teach pitches of second end portions are varied as taught by Nichol et al. so that luminance uniformity of the light reaching the object of illumination is achieved (see paragraph [0107] of Nichol et al.). Claim(s) 6 and 11 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Grief et al. (US 2020/0310120 A1) in view of Duer (US 2010/0302544 A1) and Nichol et al. (US 2023/0350122 A1) as applied to claims 1 and 7, respectively, above and further in view of Koshelev et al. (US 2022/0035159 A1). Regarding claim 6, Grief et al. modified by Duer and Nichol et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 1, wherein the light guide further includes a second main surface on an opposite side to the first main surface (see at least figure 6A) but does not explicitly teach a prism layer provided on the second main surface. Koshelev et al. teaches a waveguide layer 906 comprising a prism layer (see paragraph [0066]) . It would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to include a prism layer as taught by Koshelev et al. as an obvious design choice to achieve a desired illumination output. Regarding claim 11, Grief et al. modified by Duer and Nichol et al. teaches the illumination device of claim 7, wherein the light guide further (608; see at least figure 6A) includes a second main surface opposing the first main surface but does not explicitly teach a prism layer provided on the second main surface. Koshelev et al. teaches a waveguide layer 906 comprising a prism layer (see paragraph [0066]) . It would have been obvious to one having ordinary skill in the art at the time of the effective filing date of the invention to modify Grief et al. to include a prism layer as taught by Koshelev et al. as an obvious design choice to achieve a desired illumination output. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1-12 have been considered but are moot because in view of new grounds of rejection necessitated by applicant’s amendment of independent claims 1, 7 and 12. Specifically, independent claims 1, 7 and 12 have been amended to recite the limitation, “and pitches of the plurality of second end portions are varied in accordance with a shape of a display device to be illuminated by the illumination device” and a new reference, Nichol et al. (US 2023/0350122 A1), teaches the newly recited limitation. Claims 2-6 and 8-11 are rejected based on dependency on a rejected base claim. Conclusion Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JESSICA MCMILLAN APENTENG whose telephone number is (571)272-5510. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 9:00 am-5:00 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, ABDULMAJEED AZIZ can be reached at 571-270-5046. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JESSICA M APENTENG/Examiner, Art Unit 2875 /ABDULMAJEED AZIZ/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2875
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Prosecution Timeline

Jun 03, 2024
Application Filed
Sep 27, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Dec 27, 2024
Response Filed
Apr 05, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Jul 08, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Jul 10, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jul 11, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Oct 15, 2025
Response Filed
Jan 23, 2026
Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

5-6
Expected OA Rounds
66%
Grant Probability
84%
With Interview (+18.3%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
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