Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/774,601

vRAN with PCIe Fronthaul

Non-Final OA §DP
Filed
Jul 16, 2024
Examiner
YU, HENRY W
Art Unit
2181
Tech Center
2100 — Computer Architecture & Software
Assignee
Parallel Wireless Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
69%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 2m
To Grant
98%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 69% — above average
69%
Career Allow Rate
383 granted / 556 resolved
+13.9% vs TC avg
Strong +29% interview lift
Without
With
+29.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 2m
Avg Prosecution
30 currently pending
Career history
586
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
5.5%
-34.5% vs TC avg
§103
63.5%
+23.5% vs TC avg
§102
16.1%
-23.9% vs TC avg
§112
7.7%
-32.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 556 resolved cases

Office Action

§DP
DETAILED ACTION The instant application having Application No. 18/774,601 has a total of 20 claims pending in the application; there are 3 independent claims and 17 dependent claims, all of which are ready for examination by the examiner. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . INFORMATION CONCERNING DRAWINGS Drawings The applicant’s drawings submitted are acceptable for examination purposes. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE SPECIFICATION Specification The applicant’s specification submitted is acceptable for examination purposes. REJECTIONS BASED ON PRIOR ART Double Patenting The nonstatutory double patenting rejection is based on a judicially created doctrine grounded in public policy (a policy reflected in the statute) so as to prevent the unjustified or improper timewise extension of the “right to exclude” granted by a patent and to prevent possible harassment by multiple assignees. A nonstatutory double patenting rejection is appropriate where the conflicting claims are not identical, but at least one examined application claim is not patentably distinct from the reference claim(s) because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious over, the reference claim(s). See, e.g., In re Berg, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Longi, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 (Fed. Cir. 1985); In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 761 (CCPA 1982); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ 644 (CCPA 1969). A timely filed terminal disclaimer in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(c) or 1.321(d) may be used to overcome an actual or provisional rejection based on nonstatutory double patenting provided the reference application or patent either is shown to be commonly owned with the examined application, or claims an invention made as a result of activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement. See MPEP § 717.02 for applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as explained in MPEP § 2159. See MPEP § 2146 et seq. for applications not subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . A terminal disclaimer must be signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(b). The filing of a terminal disclaimer by itself is not a complete reply to a nonstatutory double patenting (NSDP) rejection. A complete reply requires that the terminal disclaimer be accompanied by a reply requesting reconsideration of the prior Office action. Even where the NSDP rejection is provisional the reply must be complete. See MPEP § 804, subsection I.B.1. For a reply to a non-final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.111(a). For a reply to final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.113(c). A request for reconsideration while not provided for in 37 CFR 1.113(c) may be filed after final for consideration. See MPEP §§ 706.07(e) and 714.13. The USPTO Internet website contains terminal disclaimer forms which may be used. Please visit www.uspto.gov/patent/patents-forms. The actual filing date of the application in which the form is filed determines what form (e.g., PTO/SB/25, PTO/SB/26, PTO/AIA /25, or PTO/AIA /26) should be used. A web-based eTerminal Disclaimer may be filled out completely online using web-screens. An eTerminal Disclaimer that meets all requirements is auto-processed and approved immediately upon submission. For more information about eTerminal Disclaimers, refer to www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/applying-online/eterminal-disclaimer. Claims 1-20 rejected on the ground of nonstatutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 1-20 of U.S. Patent No. 12,038,860 B2. Although the claims at issue are not identical, they are not patentably distinct from each other because both set of claims are directed to a method/system where a virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) having a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) connect over a PCIe bus, and wherein the vRAN uses 2G/3G waveforms over a 4G frequency or 2G/3G/4G waveforms over a 5G frequency. Instant Application 18/744,601 Patent Number US 12,038,860 B2 Claim 1 A method for providing fronthaul, comprising: providing a virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) having a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU); and interconnecting the CU and DU over an Input/Output (I/O) bus using Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express (PCIe); wherein the CU and the DU include a PCI to optical converter and an optical to PCI converter; and wherein the vRAN uses 2G/3G waveforms over a 4G frequency or 2G/3G/4G waveforms over a 5G frequency. Claim 1 A method for providing fronthaul, comprising: providing a virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) having a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU); and interconnecting the CU and DU over an Input/Output (I/O) bus using Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express (PCIe); wherein the CU and the DU include a PCI to optical converter and an optical to PCI converter; and wherein the vRAN uses 2G/3G waveforms over a 4G frequency or 2G/3G/4G waveforms over a 5G frequency. Claim 2 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing additional DUs in communication with the CU over the I/O bus. Claim 2 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing additional DUs in communication with the CU over the I/O bus. Claim 3 The method of claim 1, wherein providing a CU further comprises providing the CU as a PCIe master. Claim 3 The method of claim 1, wherein providing a CU further comprises providing the CU as a PCIe master. Claim 4 The method of claim 1, wherein providing a DU further comprises providing the DU as a PCIe slave. Claim 4 The method of claim 1, wherein providing a DU further comprises providing the DU as a PCIe slave. Claim 5 The method of claim 1, wherein the DU and CU are provided as at least one of a 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G network. Claim 5 The method of claim 1, wherein the DU and CU are provided as at least one of a 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G network. Claim 6 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing real-time data rate hit debug information between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 6 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing real-time data rate hit debug information between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 7 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing side information to IQ sample streams. Claim 7 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing side information to IQ sample streams. Claim 8 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing frame synchronization between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 8 The method of claim 1, further comprising providing frame synchronization between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 9 A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing instructions for providing fronthaul which, when executed, cause a system to perform steps comprising: providing a virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) having a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU); interconnecting the CU and DU over an Input/Output (I/O) bus using Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express (PCIe); and wherein the CU and the DU include a PCI to optical converter and an optical to PCI converter; and wherein the vRAN uses 2G/3G waveforms over a 4G frequency or 2G/3G/4G waveforms over a 5G frequency. Claim 9 A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing instructions for providing fronthaul which, when executed, cause a system to perform steps comprising: providing a virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) having a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU); interconnecting the CU and DU over an Input/Output (I/O) bus using Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express (PCIe); wherein the CU and the DU include a PCI to optical converter and an optical to PCI converter; and wherein the vRAN uses 2G/3G waveforms over a 4G frequency or 2G/3G/4G waveforms over a 5G frequency. Claim 10 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing additional DUs in communication with the CU over the I/O bus. Claim 10 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing additional DUs in communication with the CU over the I/O bus. Claim 11 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein instructions for providing a CU further comprises instructions for providing the CU as a PCIe master. Claim 11 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein instructions for providing a CU further comprises instructions for providing the CU as a PCIe master. Claim 12 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein instructions for providing a DU further comprises instructions for providing the DU as a PCIe slave. Claim 12 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein instructions for providing a DU further comprises instructions for providing the DU as a PCIe slave. Claim 13 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising for wherein the DU and CU are provided as at least one of a 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G network. Claim 13 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising for wherein the DU and CU are provided as at least one of a 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G network. Claim 14 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing real-time data rate hit debug information between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 14 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing real-time data rate hit debug information between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 15 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing side information to IQ sample streams. Claim 15 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing side information to IQ sample streams. Claim 16 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing frame synchronization between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 16 The computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising instructions for providing frame synchronization between the CU and the DU using the PCIe mirrored memory capability. Claim 17 A system for providing fronthaul, comprising: a virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) having a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU); wherein the CU and DU are in communication with each other over an Input/Output (I/O) bus using Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express (PCIe); and wherein the CU and the DU include a PCI to optical converter and an optical to PCI converter; and wherein the vRAN uses 2G/3G waveforms over a 4G frequency or 2G/3G/4G waveforms over a 5G frequency. Claim 17 A system for providing fronthaul, comprising: a virtual Radio Access Network (vRAN) having a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU); wherein the CU and DU are in communication with each other over an Input/Output (I/O) bus using Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express (PCIe); wherein the CU and the DU include a PCI to optical converter and an optical to PCI converter; and wherein the vRAN uses 2G/3G waveforms over a 4G frequency or 2G/3G/4G waveforms over a 5G frequency. Claim 18 The system of claim 17, further comprising additional DUs in communication with the CU over the I/O bus. Claim 18 The system of claim 17, further comprising additional DUs in communication with the CU over the I/O bus. Claim 19 The system of claim 17, wherein the system is part of at least one of a 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G network. Claim 19 The system of claim 17, wherein the system is part of at least one of a 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G network. Claim 20 The system of claim 17, wherein the PCIe mirrored memory capability is used to provide real-time data rate hit debug information between the CU and the DU and to provide frame synchronization between the CU and the DU. Claim 20 The system of claim 17, wherein the PCIe mirrored memory capability is used to provide real-time data rate hit debug information between the CU and the DU and to provide frame synchronization between the CU and the DU. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF REFERENCES CITED BY APPLICANT As required by M.P.E.P. 609(c), the applicant's submission of the Information Disclosure Statement dated December 4, 2024, is acknowledged by the examiner and the cited references have been considered in the examination of the claims now pending. As required by M.P.E.P 609 C(2), a copy of the PTOL-1449 initialed and dated by the examiner is attached to the instant office action. RELEVENT ART CITED BY THE EXAMINER The following prior art made of record and relied upon is citied to establish the level of skill in the applicant’s art and those arts considered reasonably pertinent to applicant’s disclosure. See MPEP 707.05(c). The following references teach the overlaying of signals. U.S. PATENT NUMBERS:2010/0296483 A1 – [Paragraph 0002] 2013/0010773 A1 2013/0142169 A1 – [Paragraphs 0004-0005] 2018/0013465 A1 – [Paragraphs 0003, 0006, 0018, and 0021] 2019/0254740 A1 10,153,736 B2 10,817,392 B1 CLOSING COMMENTS Conclusion The examiner requests, in response to this Office action, support be shown for language added to any original claims on amendment and any new claims. That is, indicate support for newly added claim language by specifically pointing to page(s) and line no(s) in the specification and/or drawing figure(s). This will assist the examiner in prosecuting the application. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Henry Yu whose telephone number is (571)272-9779. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, IDRISS ALROBAYE can be reached at (571) 270-1023. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /H.W.Y/Examiner, Art Unit 2181 September 23, 2025 /IDRISS N ALROBAYE/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 2181
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jul 16, 2024
Application Filed
Sep 23, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §DP (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12579079
ACCESSING A SECONDARY SHARED RESOURCE USING VIRTUAL IDENTIFIERS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12561271
COMPUTING SYSTEMS HAVING CONGESTION MONITORS THEREIN AND METHODS OF CONTROLLING OPERATION OF SAME
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Patent 12554615
DETERMINING A QUIESCE TIMEOUT FOR A CONTAINERIZED WORKLOAD
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Patent 12554670
Controlling Electrical Idle States in Retimer Outputs
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Patent 12541478
APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR CONFIGURING BASE ADDRESS REGISTERS
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 03, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
69%
Grant Probability
98%
With Interview (+29.2%)
3y 2m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 556 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month