Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/785,617

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING VIRTUAL ENGINE SOUND OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Jul 26, 2024
Examiner
CASILLASHERNANDEZ, OMAR
Art Unit
2689
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
Kia Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
77%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 2m
To Grant
95%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 77% — above average
77%
Career Allow Rate
484 granted / 631 resolved
+14.7% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+18.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Fast prosecutor
2y 2m
Avg Prosecution
23 currently pending
Career history
654
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.2%
-37.8% vs TC avg
§103
51.7%
+11.7% vs TC avg
§102
19.9%
-20.1% vs TC avg
§112
14.4%
-25.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 631 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim status This action is in response to applicant filed on 07/26/2024. Claims 1-19- are pending for examination. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-3, 5-6, 8, 10-12, 14-15, 17 & 19 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Duo’ et al. (US 12,145,503). Regarding claim 1: Duo’ disclose a method for controlling a virtual engine sound of an electric vehicle, the method comprising: collecting, by a controller (Fig. 1: Performance emulator), a driving state of the electric vehicle, including a vehicle speed and an opening amount of an accelerator pedal (Col. 3, Lines 58-67) ; determining, by the controller, a virtual gear position (gear inserted) based on the vehicle speed and the opening amount of the accelerator pedal ; determining, by the controller, a virtual engine speed of the electric (RPM final) vehicle based on the vehicle speed and the virtual gear position (Col. 3, Line 58, Col. 4, Line 13); and outputting, by the controller, a virtual engine sound corresponding to the virtual engine speed through an output device (Col. 4, Lines 15-28). Regarding claim 2: Duo’ disclose the method of claim 1, wherein the outputting of the virtual engine sound through the output device includes: determining a sound source (acceleration) and a sound volume (intensity and/or duration of the acceleration) corresponding to the virtual engine speed; and outputting the sound source at a determined sound volume. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44 and Col. 12, Line 64-Coil. 13, Line 2) Regarding claim 3: Duo’ disclose the method of claim 1, in response to an application of the accelerator pedal of the electric vehicle, outputting, by the controller, the virtual engine sound including a sound source and a sound volume determined based on the virtual engine speed and the opening amount of the accelerator pedal (Col. 13, Lines 42-44). Regarding claim 5: Duo’ disclose the method of claim 1, including: determining, by the controller, whether a power-on upshift occurs; and in response to the power-on upshift, determining, by the controller, the virtual engine sound to be outputted based on a shift progress rate and a virtual engine angular acceleration in the power-on upshift. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44 and Col. 12, Line 64-Coil. 13, Line 2) Regarding claim 6 Duo’ disclose the method of claim 1, including: determining, by the controller, whether a power-off downshift occurs; and in response to the determining that the power-off downshift occurs, determining, by the controller, the virtual engine sound to be outputted based on a shift progress rate and a virtual engine angular acceleration in the power-off downshift. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44 and Col. 12, Line 64-Coil. 13, Line 2) Regarding claim 8: Duo’ disclose the method of claim 1, including: in response to concluding that the driving state is in a neutral gear, determining, by the controller, a sound source and a sound volume corresponding to the virtual engine speed at the neutral gear; and adjusting, by the controller, a volume of the sound source to a predetermined first volume at predetermined time intervals. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44 and Col. 12, Line 64-Coil. 13, Line 2: if vehicle is turn into neutral, the system will still pick up speed and acceleration information and will adjust the sound accordingly.) Regarding claim 10: Duo’ disclose A system for controlling a virtual engine sound of an electric vehicle, the system comprising: a processor (Fig. 1: Performance emulator); and a non-transitory storage medium containing program instructions (Fig. 2, item 8), wherein the processor is configured to, by executing the program instructions: collect a driving state of the electric vehicle, the driving state including a vehicle speed and an opening amount of an accelerator pedal (Col. 3, Lines 58-67) ; determine a virtual gear position (gear inserted) based on the vehicle speed and the opening amount of the accelerator pedal ; determine a virtual engine speed of the electric (RPM final) vehicle based on the vehicle speed and the virtual gear position (Col. 3, Line 58, Col. 4, Line 13); and output a virtual engine sound corresponding to the virtual engine speed through an output device (Col. 4, Lines 15-28). Regarding claim 11: Duo’ disclose the system of claim 10, wherein the processors is configured to: wherein in the outputting of the virtual engine sound through the output device, the processor is further configured to: determine a sound source and a sound volume corresponding to the virtual engine speed; and output the sound source at a determined sound volume. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44). Regarding claim 12: Duo’ disclose the system of claim 10, wherein the processors is configured to: in response to an application of the accelerator pedal of the electric vehicle, output the virtual engine sound including a sound source and a sound volume determined based on the virtual engine speed and the opening amount of the accelerator pedal (Col. 13, Lines 42-44). Regarding claim 14: Duo’ disclose the system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to: determine whether a power-on upshift occurs; and in response to the determining that the power-on upshift occurs, determine the virtual engine sound to be outputted based on a shift progress rate and a virtual engine angular acceleration in the power-on upshift. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44 and Col. 12, Line 64-Coil. 13, Line 2) Regarding claim 15: Duo’ disclose the system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to: determine whether a power-off downshift occurs; and in response to the determining that the power-off downshift occurs, determine the virtual engine sound to be outputted based on a shift progress rate and a virtual engine angular acceleration in the power-off downshift. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44 and Col. 12, Line 64-Coil. 13, Line 2) Regarding claim 17: Duo’ disclose the system of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to: in response to concluding that the driving state is in a neutral gear, determine a sound source and a sound volume corresponding to the virtual engine speed at the neutral gear; and adjust a volume of the sound source to a predetermined first volume at predetermined time intervals. (Col. 13, Lines 42-44 and Col. 12, Line 64-Coil. 13, Line 2: if vehicle is turn into neutral, the system will still pick up speed and acceleration information and will adjust the sound accordingly.) Regarding claim 19: Duo’ disclose The electric vehicle comprising the system of claim 10. (title, Fig. 1) Allowable Subject Matter Claims 4, 7, 9, 13, 16, 18 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Conclusion The prior art made of record cited in the PTO-892 and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to OMAR CASILLASHERNANDEZ whose telephone number is (571)270-5432. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday, 8:30AM-4:30PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Davetta Goins can be reached at (571) 272-2957. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /OMAR CASILLASHERNANDEZ/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2689
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Prosecution Timeline

Jul 26, 2024
Application Filed
Feb 11, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
77%
Grant Probability
95%
With Interview (+18.2%)
2y 2m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 631 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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