Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/790,132

ADAPTABLE DATA MODULATION IN MEMORY SYSTEMS

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Jul 31, 2024
Examiner
PARIKH, KALPIT
Art Unit
2137
Tech Center
2100 — Computer Architecture & Software
Assignee
Micron Technology, Inc.
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
82%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 0m
To Grant
90%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 82% — above average
82%
Career Allow Rate
510 granted / 626 resolved
+26.5% vs TC avg
Moderate +9% lift
Without
With
+8.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 0m
Avg Prosecution
19 currently pending
Career history
645
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
6.8%
-33.2% vs TC avg
§103
46.6%
+6.6% vs TC avg
§102
25.3%
-14.7% vs TC avg
§112
13.6%
-26.4% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 626 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . DETAILED ACTION The instant detailed action is in response to Applicant's submission filed on 17 March 2026. Claim Interpretation This application includes one or more claim limitations that do not use the word “means,” but are nonetheless being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, because the claim limitation(s) uses a generic placeholder that is coupled with functional language without reciting sufficient structure to perform the recited function and the generic placeholder is not preceded by a structural modifier. Such claim limitation(s) is/are: processing device in claim 1 support for which was taken to correspond to FIG 2: 135 and [0043] of the Specification. Because this/these claim limitation(s) is/are being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, it/they is/are being interpreted to cover the corresponding structure described in the specification as performing the claimed function, and equivalents thereof. If applicant does not intend to have this/these limitation(s) interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, applicant may: (1) amend the claim limitation(s) to avoid it/them being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph (e.g., by reciting sufficient structure to perform the claimed function); or (2) present a sufficient showing that the claim limitation(s) recite(s) sufficient structure to perform the claimed function so as to avoid it/them being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph. REJECTIONS BASED ON PRIOR ART Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim 1-5,7-12,14-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Strasser (US PG PUB No. 2011/0157992) in view of Mun (US PG PUB No. 2013/0013854). As per claim [1,8,15], a system (see Strasser FIG 1: 100) comprising: a memory device (see Strasser FIG 1: 102) and a processing device (see Strasser FIG 1: 102), operatively coupled with the memory device, to perform operations comprising: receiving a unit of data to be written to the memory device (see Strasser FIG 5A: 502); splitting the unit of data into a plurality of segments (see Strasser [0162]: “For example, the bank-0 write queue 412a may receive a command to write a page of data packets to bank-0 214a. The bank-0 controller 4.18a may receive the write command at an appropriate time and may generate one or more write Subcommands for each data packet stored in the write buffer 320 to be written to the page in bank-0 214a.”); modulating each segment of the unit of data by a modulation operation using a modulation mask derived from a corresponding seed value chosen from a set of seed values (see Strasser [0115]: “The bias module 318 biases a packet by changing a bias of the packet to more closely match a bias of the storage cells of the solid state storage media 110.”); and wherein modulating each segment of unit of data results in a desired distribution of logical programming levels over a plurality of memory cells of the unit of data (see Strasser [0010]: “ The binary pattern, in another embodiment, satisfies a predefined voltage differential threshold between the one or more other storage cells and the plurality of storage cells”); and [Strasser discloses desired data distribution to improve performance (see [0127]), and further discloses the biasing produces predefined voltage differential threshold.] generating a modulated unit of data comprising a plurality of modulated segments and a plurality of corresponding seed identifiers (see Strasser [0114]: “For example, upon flipping, whitening, compressing, relocating, and/or otherwise biasing Source data, separate blocks of Source data may still exhibit patterns that cause inter-cell interference, and the bias module 318 may bias one or more of the separate blocks of source data toward a pattern that minimizes inter-cell interference, or the like.”), [Strasser discloses a bias module within a storage controller for performing various modulation operations using seed values prior to storage and further discloses the data packet may be aggregated or split in the process.] However, Strasser does not expressly disclose but in the same field of endeavor Mun discloses wherein each seed identifier is represented by an index that identifies (see Mun [0071]: “may select one of a plurality of seed tables by using at least one bit of a page address of a page to be currently programmed or at least one bit of a wordline address corresponding to the page”), in a linear array of seed values (see Mun FIG 8: ST21 and [0067]), a seed value that has been used for modulating a respective segment of the unit of data (see Mun [0094]). It would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the invention to modify Strasser to implement a seed table for selecting a seed values as taught by Mun. The suggestion/motivation for doing so would have been for the benefit of an improved randomizer and de-randomizer (see Mun [0010]). Therefore it would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the invention to implement a seed table as taught by Mun for the benefit of improved randomizer and de-randomizer to arrive at the invention as specified in the claims above. As per claim [2,9,16], the system of claim 1, wherein each modulated segment is concatenated with the corresponding seed identifier (see Strasser [0209]: ““In one embodiment, for example, the solid-state storage controller 104 may store a seed value in a beginning portion of each logical erase block that the Solid-state storage controller 104 erases, in the first sixty-four bits, one hundred and twenty-eight bits, or the like.”). As per claim [3,10,17], the system of claim 1, wherein generating a modulated unit of data further comprises: concatenating the plurality of modulated segments (see Strasser [0142]: “For example, data from a portion of a first data packet may be combined with data from a portion of a second data packet. If a data segment is larger than a data requested by the requesting device 155, the alignment module 326 may discard the unwanted data.”). [Data is combined during a read.] As per claim [4,11,18], the system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise: storing, on the memory device, each modulated segment followed by an identifier of the corresponding seed value (see Strasser [0209]: ““In one embodiment, for example, the solid-state storage controller 104 may store a seed value in a beginning portion of each logical erase block that the Solid-state storage controller 104 erases, in the first sixty-four bits, one hundred and twenty-eight bits, or the like.”). As per claim [5,12,19], the system of claim 1, wherein modulating each segment of the unit of data further comprises: applying a predefined mathematical transformation to the segment of the unit of data and a chosen modulation mask of a plurality of modulation masks, wherein each modulation mask of the plurality of modulation masks is derived from a corresponding seed value of a plurality of seed values (see Strasser [0197]: “In one embodiment, the whitening module 512 pseudo-randomizes each data packet that will be stored on the Solid-state storage media 110 using a single seed value for the LFSR. Alternatively or in addition, in another embodiment, the whitening module 512 pseudo-randomizes each data packet that will be stored in a particular logical erase block of the solid-state storage media 110 using a single seed value for the LFSR.”) As per claim [7,14,20] the system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise: reading the modulated unit of data (see Strasser [233]); splitting the modulated unit of data into the plurality of modulated segments (see Strasser [0234]); demodulating each modulated segment by a reverse modulation operation using the corresponding seed value (see Strasser [0220]: “The inverse bias module 332, in one embodiment, uses one or more known values or stored indicators to reverse this process and rearrange the data packet in its original Source order.”); and generating the unit of data comprising a plurality of demodulated segments (see Strasser [0234]). RESPONSE TO ARGUMENT 1st ARGUMENT: However, the Office action fails to provide any explanation of the alleged relevance of the instant teachings to the instant claims. The Applicant is left to guess that the Office action intended to analogize Strasser's "data distribution" with the claimed distribution of logical programming levels over a plurality of memory cells of the unit of data. However, as can be derived from the above-quoted passage of Strasser, the "data distribution" in the context of "garbage collection," at taught ty Strasser, refers to storing "modified data in a different location", and thus has no perceivable relevance to the claimed distribution of logical programming levels over a plurality of memory cells of the unit of data. Examiner maintains the claim language ‘results in a desired distribution of logical programming levels’ is sufficiently broad to encompass resultant distribution of logical programming levels which are produced by biasing as taught by Strasser. As per [0018], a random data pattern encoded by a Gray code would result in a uniform distribution of the memory cell charges levels, and a non-uniform distribution of memory cell charge levels would result in better endurance. According to the Specification, modulation data would therefore result in a distribution of logical programing levels. The claim does not specify what the desired distribution of logical programming levels and Specification discloses modulating segment of data produces resultant distributions that may be desired for different reasons. DIRECTION OF FUTURE CORRESPONDENCES Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to KALPIT PARIKH whose telephone number is (571)270-1173. The examiner can normally be reached MON THROUGH FRI 9:30 TO 6:00. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Arpan Savla can be reached on 571-272-1077. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /KALPIT PARIKH/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2137 KALPIT . PARIKH Primary Examiner Art Unit 2137
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jul 31, 2024
Application Filed
Jun 14, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Sep 12, 2025
Response Filed
Dec 13, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Mar 17, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
Mar 19, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 21, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

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OPERATION METHODS OF MEMORY SYSTEMS, MEMORY CONTROLLERS, MEMORY SYSTEMS, AND STORAGE MEDIUMS
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2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12554401
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Patent 12554429
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2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
82%
Grant Probability
90%
With Interview (+8.9%)
3y 0m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 626 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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