Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/796,775

THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Aug 07, 2024
Examiner
BRADFORD, JONATHAN
Art Unit
3763
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Kia Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
97%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
880 granted / 1159 resolved
+5.9% vs TC avg
Strong +21% interview lift
Without
With
+21.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
26 currently pending
Career history
1185
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.2%
-38.8% vs TC avg
§103
48.5%
+8.5% vs TC avg
§102
19.3%
-20.7% vs TC avg
§112
25.3%
-14.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1159 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Drawings Figures 1-2 should be designated by a legend such as --Prior Art-- because only that which is old is illustrated. See MPEP § 608.02(g). Corrected drawings in compliance with 37 CFR 1.121(d) are required in reply to the Office action to avoid abandonment of the application. The replacement sheet(s) should be labeled “Replacement Sheet” in the page header (as per 37 CFR 1.84(c)) so as not to obstruct any portion of the drawing figures. If the changes are not accepted by the examiner, the applicant will be notified and informed of any required corrective action in the next Office action. The objection to the drawings will not be held in abeyance. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1, 2, and 9 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Suzuki (US 10,131,203). As to claim 1, Suzuki discloses a thermal management system for a vehicle, the system comprising: a base circuit in which a compressor 11, a condenser 12 (or 15), an expansion valve 14 (or 16), and an evaporator 20 (or 15) circulate refrigerant; a recirculation circuit branched from a discharge portion of the compressor 11 at point 13a in the base circuit and joined at an inlet portion of the compressor (Figs. 1 and 5-6); and an adjusting valve 22 (or 25) positioned at the discharge portion where the recirculation circuit is branched from the base circuit and configured to adjust a flow rate of the refrigerant that flows toe the recirculation circuit (Figs. 1 and 5-6; col. 22, lines 10-20). As to claim 2, Suzuki discloses an ejector 21 positioned at the inlet portion where the recirculation circuit is joined to the base circuit, the ejector 21 configured to perform suction of the refrigerant in the base circuit by use of refrigerant flow in the recirculation circuit (Figs. 1 and 5-6). As to claim 9, Suzuki discloses a gas-liquid separator 19 between the evaporator 15/20 and the compressor 11 so that refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 11 in a gaseous state (Figs. 1 and 5-6). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 4-6 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Suzuki as applied in the rejections above, and further in view of Ohman (US 5,816,055). As to claims 4-6, Suzuki does not teach a configuration with a flash tank as claimed. However, Ohman teaches that it is known to use a flash tank 26 provided between a condenser and evaporator, with a flash circuit 22 branched from the tank 26 to provide gaseous refrigerant to a compressor inlet, first and second expansion valve 13/15 upstream and downstream of the tank 26, respectively, and a shutoff valve 17 in the flash circuit 22 configured to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant in the flash circuit 22 (Fig. 1). Therefore, it would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art, before the effective filing date, to modify Suzuki to include a flash tank economizer as claimed and taught by Ohman in order to increase the conditioning capabilities of the system (Ohman, col. 1, lines 23-25). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JONATHAN BRADFORD whose telephone number is (571)270-5199. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 8:00 - 4:00 ET. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Jerry-Daryl Fletcher can be reached at (571)270-5054. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JONATHAN BRADFORD/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3763
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Aug 07, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 30, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
97%
With Interview (+21.3%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1159 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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