Prosecution Insights
Last updated: August 17, 2026
Application No. 18/813,752

ENHANCED R-TWT FOR ROAMING NON-AP MLD

Non-Final OA §112
Filed
Aug 23, 2024
Priority
Sep 11, 2023 — provisional 63/581,743
Examiner
YEUNG, MANG HANG
Art Unit
Tech Center
Assignee
Sony Group Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
87%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
7m
Est. Remaining
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 87% — above average
87%
Career Allowance Rate
660 granted / 756 resolved
+27.3% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+12.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 7m
Avg Prosecution
21 currently pending
Career history
774
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
9.3%
-30.7% vs TC avg
§103
36.6%
-3.4% vs TC avg
§102
29.5%
-10.5% vs TC avg
§112
18.3%
-21.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 756 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION The instant application having Application No. 18/813752 filed on 08/23/2024 is presented for examination by the examiner. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection. Examiner Remark The current claim set in this application contains a large number of errors and indefinite issues. As such, in order to expedite the prosecution, Examiner provide the following proposed amendment in an attempt to address these errors and indefinite issues. Applicant should amend the claims based on the proposed amendment. Appropriate correction is required. (Remark: Because such a large number of errors have been detected, Applicant should carefully review and determine whether there are still any potential undetected errors in the current claim set.) In the claims 1. (Currently Amended) A multiple station apparatus for communication in a wireless network, the apparatus comprising: (a) a multiple link device (MLD) having at least two stations, in which each station has at least one modem coupled to at least one radio-frequency (RF) circuit, with each RF circuit connected to one or multiple antennas; (b) a processor of said MLD; (c) a non-transitory memory storing instructions executable by the processor for wirelessly communicating with other stations on a IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN); and (d) wherein said instructions, when executed by the processor, perform steps of a wireless communications protocol, comprising: (i) wherein said MLD operates a wireless communications protocol as either an access point (AP) MLD or a non-AP MLD; (ii) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[a]] the non-AP MLD, it is configured for transmitting and/or receiving latency sensitive traffic during a Restricted Target-Wake-Time Service Periods (R-TWT-SP) (iii) wherein the non-AP MLD is configured to roam from [[this]] the first BSS of an original AP MLD to which it is associated, to a second BSS of a target AP MLD; (iv) wherein the roaming non-AP MLD, or one or more station links within the roaming non-AP MLD, negotiates to use a predetermined and/or enhanced R-TWT SP of the target AP MLD, whereby after roaming the non-AP MLD, or one or more station links within the roaming non-AP MLD, (v) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[an]] the AP MLD, it [[can]] contains MLD common functions in [[the]] a MLD upper Medium Access Control (MAC) [[MAC]] sublayer and contains per-link functions in a MLD lower MAC sublayer; and (vi) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[an]] the AP MLD, it connects its lower MAC sublayer with [[the]] a roaming AP MLD upper layer through a backhaul connection with a roaming AP MLD, which functions as a central controller; wherein [[the]] Traffic Identifier (TID)-to-Link an AP MLD upper MAC or in [[the]] a roaming AP MLD upper MAC. 2. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein when [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD, which is in process of transmitting or receiving latency sensitive traffic during a R-TWT SP, is roaming from the first BSS of its original associated AP MLD to the second BSS of its target AP MLD, it [[can]] uses a predetermined or enhanced R-TWT SP accepted by the target AP MLD, without further negotiation for [[an]] a R-TWT SP after roaming. 3. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the roaming non-AP MLD [[can]] sets up an enhanced R-TWT SP at a roaming AP MLD level or at an AP MLD link level, either of which are to be completed before roaming is finished. 4. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 3, wherein in scheduling an enhanced R-TWT SP for roaming at the AP MLD level, then either a universal enhanced R-TWT SP, or non-universal enhanced R-TWT SP with multiple R-TWT SPs corresponding to different AP MLD of the roaming AP MLD, is scheduled. 5. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 3, wherein in scheduling an enhanced R-TWT SP at the AP MLD level, the non-AP MLD [[can]] negotiates an enhanced R-TWT with the target AP MLD, through relaying of its associated AP MLD and the roaming AP MLD, comprising: (a) allowing the current associated AP MLD to negotiate an enhanced R-TWT schedule with the non-AP MLD on behalf of the target AP MLD before roaming; or (b) allowing the current associated AP MLD to negotiate an enhanced R-TWT schedule with the non-AP MLD on behalf of the target AP MLD along with the exchange of fast BSS transition (FT) request and FT response frames during roaming; or (c) allowing the non-AP MLD to directly negotiate the enhanced R-TWT schedule with the target AP MLD through the exchange of (re)association request and (re)association response frames that carry the enhanced R-TWT element at the end of roaming. 6. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein in achieving an enhanced R-TWT SP setup, a new TID-to-Global-Link mapping is configured to indicate the links, identified by global link identifiers, on which frames belonging to each traffic identifier (TID) is exchanged by any of the following, comprising: (a) supporting the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping (TTGLM) negotiation, which is processed during multilink (ML) setup or re-setup by the roaming non-AP MLD, or by the roaming AP MLD and [[the]] affiliated AP MLDs of the roaming AP MLD; or (b) utilizing a new TTGLM element which is configured to indicate the links, which are identified by global link identifiers (IDs), on which frames belonging to each traffic identifier (TID) is exchanged; or (c) negotiating the TTGLM, by the roaming non-AP MLD, with the roaming AP MLD through the relay of its associated AP MLD; or (d) performing TTGLM negotiation of the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping with an exchange of TID-To-Global-Link Mapping Request frame and TID-To-Global-Link Mapping Response frame that carries the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping element; or (e) performing TTGLM negotiation by exchanging an association request frame, or reassociation request frame, and association response frames or reassociation response frames that carry the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping element. 7. Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus provides new enhanced R-TWT termination rules [[when]] responsive to determining that the roaming non-AP MLD is moving across [[the]] an edge of [[the]] its original associated AP MLD, and performs steps comprising: (a) performing steps, responsive to determining that the roaming a non-AP MLD associated with a single serving AP MLD, comprising: (i) requiring the roaming non-AP MLD to have at least one link for exchanging multi-user (MU) physical-layer protocol data units (PPDUs) with an empty frequency or time slot and using acknowledgements (Acks) or multi-user (MU) block acknowledgements (BA) that preempts the empty frequency or time slot to monitor the frames from its associated AP MLD to determine if it should stop transmission within the ongoing R-TWT SP; (ii) allowing the roaming non-AP MLD to send a frame to its associated AP MLD to indicate it no longer needs to be served by the ongoing R-TWT SP; wherein the AP MLD receives this frame that is addressed to it, and terminates the current R-TWT SP, unless there are other R-TWT members of this R-TWT SP using this R-TWT SP, in which case the AP MLD maintains the R-TWT SP for other R-TWT members and suspends the R-TWT membership of the roaming non-AP MLD; and (b) requiring, responsive to determining that [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD associated with several serving AP MLD, the roaming non-AP MLD to have at least one link of links to maintain [[the]] an association with [[the]] its original AP MLD and [[the]] its original R-TWT schedule on the at least one link, while on [[the]] at least one remaining link of the links, 8. Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus provides new enhanced R-TWT resume or restart rules for when the roaming non-AP MLD finishes its transition to the BSS of the roaming target AP MLD, and performs steps comprising: (a) performing steps in the case of [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD associated with a single serving AP MLD, comprising: (i) resuming or restarting the R-TWT SP based on the predetermined enhanced R-TWT schedule without requiring further negotiation, when there is no ongoing R-TWT SP in the new BSS, the AP MLD of the new BSS and/or the roaming non-AP MLD; and wherein in case of an enhanced R-TWT SP scheduled for the roaming non-AP MLD in the target BSS which hasn't yet started, the AP MLD of the new BSS applies UL orthogonal frequency domain multiple access (OFDMA)-based random access (UORA) to trigger the roaming non-AP MLD to provide random access; (ii) granting the roaming non-AP MLD a temporary membership of the ongoing R-TWT SP, by the target AP, when there is an existing ongoing R-TWT SP in the new BSS, which is not the same as the predetermined R-TWT SP for the roaming non-AP MLD; (iii) triggering the roaming non-AP MLD, by the target AP MLD, as the member and the roaming non-AP MLD should access the medium during the R-TWT SP with the R-TWT member priority, when there is an existing ongoing R-TWT SP in the new BSS, which is the same as the predetermined R-TWT SP for the roaming non-AP MLD; (b) maintaining of links associates with [[the]] its original AP MLD and [[the]] its original R-TWT schedule on [[that]] the at least one link, [[when]] responsive to determining that [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD is associated with several serving AP MLDs; while on at least one remaining link of the links, the roaming non-AP MLD should follow step (a). 9. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the roaming STA affiliated with [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD determines or identifies if it has moved [[close]] to the edge of the associated AP MLD based on criteria selected from the group of selection criterion, consisting of: (a) throughput and/or packet loss rate of its transmission; (b) received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the received acknowledgement or multiple-user (MU) block acknowledgement (BA) as the response of its transmitted multi-user (MU) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU); (c) RSSI of the received preemption acknowledgement or multiple-user (MU) block acknowledgement (BA) as the response of its transmitted (MU) PPDU with empty frequency or time slot(s) for preemption; (d) detection of OBSS signals, in terms of the RSSI of the overlapping BSS (OBSS) signal, and the frequency of the detection of OBSS signals; and (e) roaming signals from the co-located station which is affiliated with the same roaming non-AP MLD. 10. (Currently Amended) A multiple station apparatus for communication in a wireless network, the apparatus comprising: (a) a multiple link device (MLD) having at least two stations, in which each station has at least one modem coupled to at least one radio-frequency (RF) circuit, with each RF circuit connected to one or multiple antennas; (b) a processor of said MLD; (c) a non-transitory memory storing instructions executable by the processor for wirelessly communicating with other stations on a IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN); and (d) wherein said instructions, when executed by the processor, perform steps of a wireless communications protocol, comprising: (i) wherein said MLD operates a wireless communications protocol as either an access point (AP) MLD or a non-AP MLD; (ii) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[a]] the non-AP MLD, it is configured for transmitting and/or receiving latency sensitive traffic during a Restricted Target-Wake-Time Service Periods (R-TWT-SP) basic service set (BSS) [[BSS]]; (iii) wherein the non-AP MLD is configured to allow roaming from this first BSS of an original AP MLD to which it is associated, to a second BSS of a target AP MLD; (iv) wherein the roaming non-AP MLD, or one or more station links within the roaming non-AP MLD, negotiates to use a predetermined and/or enhanced R-TWT SP of the target AP MLD, whereby after roaming the non-AP MLD, or one or more station links within the roaming non-AP MLD, (v) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[an]] the AP MLD, it [[can]] contains MLD common functions in [[the]] a MLD upper Medium Access Control (MAC) [[MAC]] sublayer and contains per-link functions in a MLD lower MAC sublayer; (vi) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[an]] the AP MLD, it connects its lower MAC sublayer with [[the]] a roaming AP MLD upper layer through a backhaul connection with a roaming AP MLD, which functions as a central controller; wherein [[the]] Traffic Identifier (TID)-to-Link an AP MLD upper MAC or in [[the]] a roaming AP MLD upper MAC; and (vii) wherein the roaming non-AP MLD [[can]] sets up an enhanced R-TWT SP at a roaming AP MLD level or at an AP MLD link level, either of which are to be completed before roaming is finished. and wherein in scheduling an enhanced R-TWT SP for roaming at the AP MLD level, then either a universal enhanced R-TWT SP, or non-universal enhanced R-TWT SP with multiple R-TWT SPs corresponding to different AP MLD of the roaming AP MLD, is scheduled. 11. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein when [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD, which is in process of transmitting or receiving latency sensitive traffic during a R-TWT SP, is roaming from the first BSS of its original associated AP MLD to the second BSS of its target AP MLD, it [[can]] uses a predetermined or enhanced R-TWT SP accepted by the target AP MLD, without further negotiation for [[an]] a R-TWT SP after roaming. 12. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein in scheduling an enhanced R-TWT SP at the AP MLD level, the non-AP MLD [[can]] negotiates an enhanced R-TWT with the target AP MLD, through relaying of its associated AP MLD and the roaming AP MLD, comprising: (a) allowing the current associated AP MLD to negotiate an enhanced R-TWT schedule with the non-AP MLD on behalf of the target AP MLD before roaming; or (b) allowing the current associated AP MLD to negotiate an enhanced R-TWT schedule with the non-AP MLD on behalf of the target AP MLD along with the exchange of fast BSS transition (FT) request and FT response frames during roaming; or (c) allowing the non-AP MLD to directly negotiate the enhanced R-TWT schedule with the target AP MLD through the exchange of (re)association request and (re)association response frames that carry the enhanced R-TWT element at the end of roaming. 13. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein in achieving an enhanced R-TWT SP setup, a new TID-to-Global-Link mapping is configured to indicate the links, identified by global link identifiers, on which frames belonging to each traffic identifier (TID) is exchanged by any of the following, comprising: (a) supporting the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping (TTGLM) negotiation, which is processed during multilink (ML) setup or re-setup by the Roaming non-AP MLD, or by the roaming AP MLD and [[the]] affiliated AP MLDs of the roaming AP MLD; or (b) utilizing a new TTGLM element which is configured to indicate the links, which are identified by global link identifiers (IDs), on which frames belonging to each traffic identifier (TID) is exchanged; or (c) negotiating the TTGLM, by the roaming non-AP MLD, with the roaming AP MLD through the relay of its associated AP MLD; or (d) performing TTGLM negotiation of the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping with an exchange of TID-To-Global-Link Mapping Request frame and TID-To-Global-Link Mapping Response frame that carries the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping element; or (e) performing TTGLM negotiation by exchanging an association request frame, or reassociation request frame, and association response frames or reassociation response frames that carry the TID-to-Global-Link Mapping element. 14. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus provides new enhanced R-TWT termination rules [[when]] responsive to determining that the roaming non-AP MLD is moving across [[the]] an edge of [[the]] its original associated AP MLD, and performs steps comprising: (a) performing steps, responsive to determining that the roaming a non-AP MLD associated with a single serving AP MLD, comprising: (i) requiring the roaming non-AP MLD to have at least one link for exchanging multiple user (MU) physical-layer protocol data units (PPDUs) with an empty frequency or time slot and using acknowledgements (Acks) or multiple user (MU) block acknowledgements (BA) that preempts the empty frequency or time slot to monitor the frames from its associated AP MLD to determine if it should stop transmission within the ongoing R-TWT SP; (ii) allowing the roaming non-AP MLD to send a frame to its associated AP MLD to indicate it no longer needs to be served by the ongoing R-TWT SP; wherein the AP MLD receives this frame that is addressed to it, and terminates the current R-TWT SP, unless there are other R-TWT members of this R-TWT SP using this R-TWT SP, in which case the AP MLD maintains the R-TWT SP for other R-TWT members and suspends the R-TWT membership of the roaming non-AP MLD; and (b) requiring, responsive to determining that [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD associated with several serving AP MLD, the roaming non-AP MLD to have at least one link of links to maintain [[the]] an association with [[the]] its original AP MLD and [[the]] its original R-TWT schedule on the at least one link, while on [[the]] at least one remaining link of the links, 15. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the apparatus provides new enhanced R-TWT resume or restart rules for when the roaming non-AP MLD finishes its transition to the BSS of the roaming target AP MLD, and performs steps comprising: (a) performing steps in the case of [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD associated with a single serving AP MLD, comprising: (i) resuming or restarting the R-TWT SP based on the predetermined enhanced R-TWT schedule without requiring further negotiation, when there is no ongoing R-TWT SP in the new BSS, the AP MLD of the new BSS and/or the roaming non-AP MLD; and wherein in case of an enhanced R-TWT SP scheduled for the roaming non-AP MLD in the target BSS which hasn't yet started, the AP MLD of the new BSS applies UL orthogonal frequency domain multiple access (OFDMA)-based random access (UORA) to trigger the roaming non-AP MLD to provide random access; (ii) granting the roaming non-AP MLD a temporary membership of the ongoing R-TWT SP, by the target AP, when there is an existing ongoing R-TWT SP in the new BSS, which is not the same as the predetermined R-TWT SP for the roaming non-AP MLD; (iii) triggering the roaming non-AP MLD, by the target AP MLD, as the member and the roaming non-AP MLD should access the medium during the R-TWT SP with the R-TWT member priority, when there is an existing ongoing R-TWT SP in the new BSS, which is the same as the predetermined R-TWT SP for the roaming non-AP MLD; (b) maintaining of links associates with [[the]] its original AP MLD and [[the]] its original R-TWT schedule on [[that]] the at least one link, [[when]] responsive to determining that [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD is associated with several serving AP MLDs; while on at least one remaining link of the links, the roaming non-AP MLD should follow step (a). 16. (Currently Amended) The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the roaming STA affiliated with [[a]] the roaming non-AP MLD determines or identifies if it has moved [[close]] to the edge of the associated AP MLD based on criteria selected from the group of selection criterion, consisting of: (a) throughput and/or packet loss rate of its transmission; (b) received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the received acknowledgement or multiple-user (MU) block acknowledgement (BA) as the response of its transmitted multi-user (MU) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU); (c) RSSI of the received preemption acknowledgement or multiple-user (MU) block acknowledgement (BA) as the response of its transmitted (MU) PPDU with empty frequency or time slot(s) for preemption; (d) detection of OBSS signals, in terms of the RSSI of the overlapping BSS (OBSS) signal, and the frequency of the detection of OBSS signals; and (e) roaming signals from the co-located station which is affiliated with the same roaming non-AP MLD. 17. (Currently Amended) A method of communicating in a wireless network with a multiple link device, the comprising: (a) communicating in a wireless network in which at least one multiple link device (MLD) with at least two stations with each station having at least one modem coupled to at least one radio-frequency (RF) circuit, with each RF circuit connected to one or multiple antennas; (b) operating said MLD in a wireless communications protocol as either an access point (AP) MLD or a non-AP MLD; (c) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[a]] the non-AP MLD, it is configured for transmitting and/or receiving latency sensitive traffic during a Restricted Target-Wake-Time Service Periods (R-TWT-SP) (d) wherein the non-AP MLD is configured to roam from [[this]] the first BSS of an original AP MLD to which it is associated, to a second BSS of a target AP MLD; (e) wherein the roaming non-AP MLD, or one or more station links within the roaming non-AP MLD, negotiates to use a predetermined and/or enhanced R-TWT SP of the target AP MLD, whereby after roaming the non-AP MLD, or one or more station links within the roaming non-AP MLD, (f) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[an]] the AP MLD, it [[can]] contains MLD common functions in [[the]] a MLD upper Medium Access Control (MAC) [[MAC]] sublayer and contain per-link functions in a MLD lower MAC sublayer; and (g) wherein [[when]] responsive to determining that said MLD is operating as [[an]] the AP MLD, it connects its lower MAC sublayer with [[the]] a roaming AP MLD upper layer through a backhaul connection with a roaming AP MLD, which is a function as a central controller; wherein [[the]] Traffic Identifier (TID) an AP MLD upper MAC or in [[the]] a roaming AP MLD upper MAC. Claim Objections Claims 1, 10, 17 is objected to because of the following informality: In this case, claim 1, 10, 17 recites limitation for performing certain step(s) only if a specific condition is satisfied (Conditional Statement). Such limitations are considered as optional limitations since they are not performed until specific conditions are met. Applicant should change the word “when” to “responsive to determining that…..” in order to alter an optional limitation to a required limitation. For the purpose of examination, claimed limitations will be considered as optional limitations since they are not performed until specific conditions are met. Claim Objections Claims 1, 10, 17 are objected to because of the following informality: Regarding claim 1 (line 15-16), the limitation “R-TWT-SP” should be replaced with “Restricted Target-Wake-Time Service Periods (R-TWT-SP)”. Appropriate correction is required. Regarding claim 10 (line 15-16), the limitation “R-TWT-SP” should be replaced with “Restricted Target-Wake-Time Service Periods (R-TWT-SP)”. Appropriate correction is required. Regarding claim 17 (line 10), the limitation “R-TWT-SP” should be replaced with “Restricted Target-Wake-Time Service Periods (R-TWT-SP)”. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 1-17 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor, or for pre-AIA the applicant regards as the invention. Regarding claims 1-6, 10-13, 17 the word “can”, renders the claims indefinite. It is unclear whether the action(s) after the word “can” is actually performed or not. Applicant need to remove all the word “can” from the claims. Appropriate correction is required. The term "immediately" in claims 1, 10, 17 is a relative term which renders the claim indefinite. The term "immediately" is not defined by the claim, the specification does not provide a standard for ascertaining the requisite degree, and one of ordinary skill in the art would not be reasonably apprised of the scope of the invention. The term "close to" in claims 7, 9, 14, 16 10, 17 is a relative term which renders the claim indefinite. The term "close to" is not defined by the claim, the specification does not provide a standard for ascertaining the requisite degree, and one of ordinary skill in the art would not be reasonably apprised of the scope of the invention. Claims 7-9, 14-16 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph for at least the reason stated above. Claims 7-9, 14-16 depend on claims 1 and 10 respectively; however, they do not add any feature or subject matter that would solve any of the deficiencies of claim 1 and 10. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. US Patent Publications: Kwon et al. (US 2021/0266931 A1) [[0017] In another example embodiment, the first-device is a logical non-AP-MLD with which a set of physical non-AP-STAs (stations) are affiliated; the second-device is a logical AP-MLD with which a set of physical APs are affiliated and having a set of communications links; the first-device is configured to have a current multi-link association with the second-device; at least one of the non-AP-STAs is configured to transmit a first management frame to the second-device requesting a new single-link association with one of the physical APs affiliated with the second-device; and the first management frame, includes a unique identifier identifying an address of the second-device with which the non-AP-STA is currently linked to; and includes an indication that the non-AP-STA intends to now associate with just one of the physical APs that are affiliated with the second-device on a preselected communications link within the set of communications links.] Mao et al. (US 2023/0412314 A1) [[0070] In the present embodiment, the retransmission logic circuitry of the user device 1025 may associate with the AP-MLD 1005 based on inclusion of the AP-MLD 1005 in the BSS 1004 and the connection of the BSS 1004 with a user device 1028 to establish a data stream between the user device 1028 and the user device 1025. During the association, the user device 1025 and the AP-MLD 1005 may exchange capabilities including a capability to perform retransmission schemes. For instance, the user device 1025 may indicate a capability to perform retransmission schemes with one or more bits in a MAC frame such as an association request frame, a probe request frame, and/or the like. In some embodiments, the user device 1025 may also indicate a capability to decode one or more network coding schemes.] NPL: INSUN JANG et al (LG ELECTRONICS): "Considerations on Seamless Roaming", IEEE DRAFT, IEEE 802.11-23/0279r0, 15 April 2023. (From Applicant’s IDS) [(See p.9)] Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MANG HANG YEUNG whose telephone number is (571)270-7319. The examiner can normally be reached on M-F 8:00 am to 5:00 pm. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Rebecca Song can be reached on (571) 270-3667. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MANG HANG YEUNG/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2417
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Prosecution Timeline

Aug 23, 2024
Application Filed
Jul 23, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §112 (current)

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
87%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+12.0%)
2y 7m (~7m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Low
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