Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/822,189

Zero Emission Displacer-Based Liquid Level Control

Non-Final OA §103§112
Filed
Aug 31, 2024
Examiner
PRICE, CRAIG JAMES
Art Unit
3753
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Devon Energy Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
69%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 1m
To Grant
90%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 69% — above average
69%
Career Allow Rate
699 granted / 1019 resolved
-1.4% vs TC avg
Strong +22% interview lift
Without
With
+21.8%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 1m
Avg Prosecution
45 currently pending
Career history
1064
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.3%
-39.7% vs TC avg
§103
34.9%
-5.1% vs TC avg
§102
29.9%
-10.1% vs TC avg
§112
30.9%
-9.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1019 resolved cases

Office Action

§103 §112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Drawings The drawings are objected to because; the lines and numbers have poor quality, see 37CFR 1.84. (l) Character of lines, numbers, and letters. All drawings must be made by a process which will give them satisfactory reproduction characteristics. Every line, number, and letter must be durable, clean, black (except for color drawings), sufficiently dense and dark, and uniformly thick and well-defined. The weight of all lines and letters must be heavy enough to permit adequate reproduction. This requirement applies to all lines however fine, to shading, and to lines representing cut surfaces in sectional views. Lines and strokes of different thicknesses may be used in the same drawing where different thicknesses have a different meaning. (p)(3) Numbers, letters, and reference characters must measure at least .32 cm. (1/8 inch) in height. They should not be placed in the drawing so as to interfere with its comprehension. Therefore, they should not cross or mingle with the lines. They should not be placed upon hatched or shaded surfaces. When necessary, such as indicating a surface or cross section, a reference character may be underlined and a blank space may be left in the hatching or shading where the character occurs so that it appears distinct. Corrected drawing sheets in compliance with 37 CFR 1.121(d) are required in reply to the Office action to avoid abandonment of the application. Any amended replacement drawing sheet should include all of the figures appearing on the immediate prior version of the sheet, even if only one figure is being amended. The figure or figure number of an amended drawing should not be labeled as “amended.” If a drawing figure is to be canceled, the appropriate figure must be removed from the replacement sheet, and where necessary, the remaining figures must be renumbered and appropriate changes made to the brief description of the several views of the drawings for consistency. Additional replacement sheets may be necessary to show the renumbering of the remaining figures. Each drawing sheet submitted after the filing date of an application must be labeled in the top margin as either “Replacement Sheet” or “New Sheet” pursuant to 37 CFR 1.121(d). If the changes are not accepted by the examiner, the applicant will be notified and informed of any required corrective action in the next Office action. The objection to the drawings will not be held in abeyance. Specification The disclosure is objected to because of the following informalities: in para.0009, “The control module the control module” should be - -The control module - -. The lengthy specification has not been checked to the extent necessary to determine the presence of all possible minor errors. Applicant’s cooperation is requested in correcting any errors of which applicant may become aware in the specification. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Interpretation The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(f): (f) Element in Claim for a Combination. – An element in a claim for a combination may be expressed as a means or step for performing a specified function without the recital of structure, material, or acts in support thereof, and such claim shall be construed to cover the corresponding structure, material, or acts described in the specification and equivalents thereof. The claims in this application are given their broadest reasonable interpretation using the plain meaning of the claim language in light of the specification as it would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The broadest reasonable interpretation of a claim element (also commonly referred to as a claim limitation) is limited by the description in the specification when 35 U.S.C. 112(f) is invoked. As explained in MPEP § 2181, subsection I, claim limitations that meet the following three-prong test will be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f): (A) the claim limitation uses the term “means” or “step” or a term used as a substitute for “means” that is a generic placeholder (also called a nonce term or a non-structural term having no specific structural meaning) for performing the claimed function; (B) the term “means” or “step” or the generic placeholder is modified by functional language, typically, but not always linked by the transition word “for” (e.g., “means for”) or another linking word or phrase, such as “configured to” or “so that”; and (C) the term “means” or “step” or the generic placeholder is not modified by sufficient structure, material, or acts for performing the claimed function. Use of the word “means” (or “step”) in a claim with functional language creates a rebuttable presumption that the claim limitation is to be treated in accordance with 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph. The presumption that the claim limitation is interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f), is rebutted when the claim limitation recites sufficient structure, material, or acts to entirely perform the recited function. Absence of the word “means” (or “step”) in a claim creates a rebuttable presumption that the claim limitation is not to be treated in accordance with 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph. The presumption that the claim limitation is not interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, is rebutted when the claim limitation recites function without reciting sufficient structure, material or acts to entirely perform the recited function. Claim limitations in this application that use the word “means” (or “step”) are being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, except as otherwise indicated in an Office action. Conversely, claim limitations in this application that do not use the word “means” (or “step”) are not being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, except as otherwise indicated in an Office action. This application includes one or more claim limitations that do not use the word “means,” but are nonetheless being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, because the claim limitation(s) uses a generic placeholder that is coupled with functional language without reciting sufficient structure to perform the recited function and the generic placeholder is not preceded by a structural modifier. Such claim limitation(s) is/are: “internal drive mechanism”, “control module” in claim 1. Because this/these claim limitation(s) is/are being interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, it/they is/are being interpreted to cover the corresponding structure described in the specification as performing the claimed function, and equivalents thereof. If applicant intends to have this/these limitation(s) interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph, applicant may: (1) amend the claim limitation(s) to remove the structure, materials, or acts that performs the claimed function; or (2) present a sufficient showing that the claim limitation(s) does/do not recite sufficient structure, materials, or acts to perform the claimed function. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. Claims 2-3 and 13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor, regards as the invention. Claim 2 recites the limitation " a flow meter configured to measure the flow rate of liquids discharged from the automatic dump valve and output a signal representative of the measured flow rate", which is unclear since the placement of the flowmeter is prior to the dump valve. Should the limitation be, - -a flow meter configured to measure the flow rate of liquids discharged from the vessel and output a signal representative of the measured flow rate - -? Claim 13 recites the limitation "the housing" in line 2. There is insufficient antecedent basis for this limitation in the claim. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-4 and 12 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Pesek et al. (US 20130032217) in view of Achterman (US 8534313) Regarding claim 1, Pesek et al. disclose a valve system (100, see Fig. 3) for controlling the level of a liquid inside a vessel (102) that includes a liquid discharge (126), the dump valve system comprising: an automatic dump valve (124) connected downstream from the liquid discharge and configured to adjust the flow rate of the liquid through the liquid discharge; a float assembly (303, para.0043, “liquid level to detect the liquid imposing a displacement force on the rod”), wherein the float assembly comprises: a float inside the vessel (para.0043); and a float arm (“rod”) connected to the float; a level controller (122), wherein the level controller comprises: a position sensor assembly (the sensor within 303, para.0043, “level switch 303 sends a message to the controller 122”) configured to output an electric signal; and an internal drive mechanism (the mechanism of 122 within the L2e controller para. 0029, see attached NPL document) between the float arm and the position sensor assembly, wherein the internal drive mechanism translates a rotational movement of the float arm into a movement of the position sensor assembly; and a control module (122, para.0046) configured to adjust the operation of the automatic dump valve based on the output from the position sensor assembly. Pesek et al. disclose all of the features of the claimed invention, including a position sensor that has position feedback of the float to the controller to actuate the dump valve, although is silent to having; a linear position sensor assembly, that is configured to output an electric signal; the linear position sensor assembly, wherein the internal drive mechanism translates a rotational movement of the float arm into a linear movement of the linear position sensor assembly; and the control module configured to adjust the operation of the automatic dump valve based on the output from the linear position sensor assembly. Achterman teaches the use of a linear position sensor assembly (130, “LVDT”) that senses the position of a float (col. 5, lns. 14-21). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to substitute a linear position sensor as taught by Achterman for the sensor in Pesek et al. to have a linear position sensor assembly configured to output an electric signal, the linear position sensor assembly, wherein the internal drive mechanism translates a rotational movement of the float arm into a linear movement of the linear position sensor assembly; and the control module configured to adjust the operation of the automatic dump valve based on the output from the linear position sensor assembly, since it has been held, that an express suggestion to substitute one equivalent component (one sensor for another) or process for another is not necessary to render such substitution obvious. Additionally, the well-known expected outcome of signaling a circuit of the position of the float, would result from the combination. Regarding claims 2,3 and 12, Pesek et al. disclose, in Fig. 3, all of the features of the claimed invention when combined with Achterman although is silent to having a flow meter configured to measure the flow rate of liquids discharged from the automatic dump valve and output a signal representative of the measured flow rate, wherein the control module is also configured to adjust the operation of the automatic dump valve based on the output from the flow meter. Pesek et al. teach a flow meter (136, in Fig. 1) configured to measure the flow rate of liquids discharged from the automatic dump valve and output a signal representative of the measured flow rate, wherein the control module is also configured to adjust the operation of the automatic dump valve based on the output from the flow meter(para.0035). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ a flowmeter as taught by Pesek et al. into the combined device of Pesek et al. and Achterman to have a flow meter configured to measure the flow rate of liquids discharged from the automatic dump valve and output a signal representative of the measured flow rate, wherein the control module is also configured to adjust the operation of the automatic dump valve based on the output from the flow meter, in order to act as a backup device to measure flow coming out of the vessel and to determine when to control the valve based on the amount of liquid released (para.0035, Pesek et al.). Regarding claim 4, Pesek et al. when combined with Achterman disclose the control module is configured to adjust the automatic dump valve to change a dump rate of fluids passing through the automatic dump valve based on the output from the linear position sensor assembly (para. .0042). Claim(s) 5-8 and 13-15 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Pesek et al. (US 20130032217) and Achterman (US 8534313) further in view of Applicant’s admitted prior art (APA, taken from the disclosure of applicant’s specification in paragraph 0021 and Figure 2). Regarding claim 5, the combined device of Pesek et al. and Achterman disclose all of the features of the claimed invention, including that in Pesek et al., the sensor device 303 is attached a weir plate 108, as shown in Figure 3, although are silent to having a housing attached to the vessel, wherein the float arm extends through the vessel into the housing. APA teaches the use of a housing (124) attached to the vessel (100), wherein the float arm extends through the vessel into the housing. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to relocate a housing in the combined device of Pesek et al. and Achterman, as taught by APA to have a housing attached to the vessel, wherein the float arm extends through the vessel into the housing, in order to utilize more volume within the tank, and since it has been held, that rearranging parts of an invention involves only routine skill in the art. In re Japikse, 86 USPQ 70. Regarding claims 6-8 and 13-15, APA discloses in para.0021 and Figure 2 of the instant application, a primary shaft 138 inside the housing, wherein the float arm is directly or indirectly coupled to the primary shaft such that float arm pivots about the primary shaft; the internal drive mechanism comprises: a reaction linkage 126 connected to and rotatable with the primary shaft; a torque bar 128 pivotable about the primary shaft; a flapper bar 130; and a sensitivity fulcrum 134 positioned between the flapper bar and the torque bar; the flapper bar comprises: a flapper bar pivot 142; and a sensor contact 144. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 9 -11 and 16 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. None of the prior art of record disclose or render as obvious, “the linear position sensor assembly comprises: a body; and a plunger in contact with the sensor contact of the flapper bar, wherein the plunger is configured to extend away from and retract into the body in response to movement of the flapper bar” in combination with the limitations from which claims 9 or 16 depends. Claims 17-20 are allowed. None of the prior art of record disclose or renders as obvious, “a flapper bar in contact with the plunger of the linear position sensor assembly; and a sensitivity fulcrum positioned between the flapper bar and the torque bar” in combination with the rest of the limitations in claim 17. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Craig Price, whose telephone number is (571)272-2712 or via facsimile (571)273-2712. The examiner can normally be reached on Monday-Friday (8:00AM-4:30PM EST). If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Craig Schneider, can be reached at telephone number 571-272-3607, Kenneth Rinehart can be reached at 571-272-4881. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center, for more information about Patent Center and, https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx, for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) Form at Form at; https://www.uspto.gov/patents/uspto-automated-interview-request-air-form. /CRAIG J PRICE/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3753
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Aug 31, 2024
Application Filed
Nov 24, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103, §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12590639
VALVE WITH UNOBSTRUCTED FLOW PATH HAVING INCREASED FLOW COEFFICIENT
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12584562
FLOW RESTRICTOR
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12578030
VALVE DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12560254
FLUSH-MOUNT VALVE
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Patent 12553453
AUTOMATIC DOUBLE-BELL SIPHON
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
69%
Grant Probability
90%
With Interview (+21.8%)
3y 1m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1019 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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