Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/828,034

STORAGE SYSTEM AND COMMAND EXECUTION METHOD

Final Rejection §103
Filed
Sep 09, 2024
Examiner
KHAN, MASUD K
Art Unit
2132
Tech Center
2100 — Computer Architecture & Software
Assignee
Hitachi Vantara Ltd.
OA Round
2 (Final)
87%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
93%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 87% — above average
87%
Career Allow Rate
373 granted / 428 resolved
+32.1% vs TC avg
Moderate +6% lift
Without
With
+6.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
34 currently pending
Career history
462
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
2.0%
-38.0% vs TC avg
§103
63.3%
+23.3% vs TC avg
§102
16.8%
-23.2% vs TC avg
§112
10.5%
-29.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 428 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Response to Amendment The office action is responding to the amendments filed on 10/30/2025. Claims 1-2, 4 and 10 have been amended. Claims 1-10 are subject to review. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective fiLin-79g date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under 35 U.S.C. 103 are summarized as follows: 1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art. 2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue. 3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art. 4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness. Claim(s) 1-2, 4-5, 7 and 10 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lin et al. [US 2018/0217979 A1] in view of Lin et al. [US 2023/0244842 A1]. Claim 1 is rejected over Lin-79 and Lin-42. Lin-79 teaches “A storage system comprising: a drive device configured to store data;” as “The text information processing system may further include other devices such as a storage server configured to store data and a terminal device configured to publish text information.” [¶0152] “a controller configured to control the drive device; and” as “the memory 402 may further include a memory controller to facilitate the access to the memory 402 by the processor 401.” [¶0158] “a control device configured to issue, to the controller, a command for controlLin-79g the drive device, wherein the control device includes” as “ the touch controller can receive and execute a command sent from the processor 401.” [¶0161] “a first operation unit receiving the command by a graphic user interface, and” as “The display unit 406 may be configured to display information entered by the user or information that is provided to the user, and graphical user interfaces of the server 400.” [¶0162] “a second operation unit integrated using the graphic user interface of the first operation unit, the second operation unit configured for and receiving the command as a text character string from a text data input,” as “The server 400 may further include the input unit 405. The input unit 405 may be configured to receive entered numeric or character information and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical, or trackball signal input in response to user operations or controls.” [¶0161] and “The server 400 may further include the display unit 406. The display unit 406 may be configured to display information entered by the user or information that is provided to the user, and graphical user interfaces of the server 400. The graphical user interfaces each may include an image, text, an icon, a video, or any combination thereof.” [¶0162] “a division processing unit determining whether the command data in the specific format exceeds a predetermined threshold size, and dividing the command data in the specific format into a plurality of pieces of unit data in the specific format, each piece of unit data having a predetermined size when the division processing unit determines that the command data in the specific format exceeds the predetermined threshold size, and” as “The division unit 302 is configured to identify characters and strings from the training textual data, thus dividing the training textual data into characters and strings.” [¶0129] “the controller includes a command processing unit restoring the command from the command data based on the plurality of pieces of unit data in the specific format.” as “ the division unit 302 of the text information processing apparatus may convert the training textual data into characters and strings;” [¶0148] Lin-79 does not explicitly teach the second operation unit includes a conversion processing unit converting-a the text character string of the input command into data a number in a specific numeral system the conversion processing unit formatting the number as a value in a command in a programming language format to obtain command data in a specific format, and However, Lin-42 teaches “the second operation unit includes a conversion processing unit converting-a the text character string of the input command into data a number in a specific numeral system the conversion processing unit formatting the number as a value in a command in a programming language format to obtain command data in a specific format, and” as “The operation instructions in the instruction set may be written in assembly language (for example, MOV, ADD or SUB), and the assembly language is then converted, using an assembler, to machine language or code in binary digits (ones or zeros).” [¶0115] ( The assembly code is in text format and the machine code is all in numeric format. The text is converted into specific numeric system in a programming language format) Lin-79 and Lin-42 are analogous arts because they teach storage system and data management. Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention, having the teachings of Lin-79 and Lin-42 before him/her, to modify the teachings of Lin-79 to include the teachings of Lin-42 with the motivation of the performance, power consumption, and engineering and manufacturing costs of the standardized commodity logic drive may be better or equal to that of the ASIC or COT IC chip for a same innovation or application, the standardized commodity logic drive 300 may be used as an alternative for designing an ASIC or COT IC chip. [Lin-42, ¶0806] Claim 2 is rejected over Lin-79 and Lin-42. Lin-79 teaches “wherein the division processing unit transmits the command data in the specific format as it is without dividing the command data in the specific format when a determination is made that the command data in the specific format does not exceed the predetermined threshold size.” as “ the division unit 302 of the text information processing apparatus may convert the training textual data into characters and strings;” [¶0148] Claim 4 is rejected over Lin-79 and Lin-42. Lin-79 teaches “the controller includes a drive operation unit configured to transmit result data representing an execution result of a command executed by the controller,” as “The RF circuit 403 may be configured to receive and send a signal during information transmission and receiving.” [¶0159] “the command processing unit converts the result data into result data in the programming language format to obtain result data in the specific format, and divides the result data in the specific format into pieces of unit result data in the specific format each having a predetermined size when the command processing unit determines that the result data in the specific format exceeds the predetermined threshold size, and in a command console, the division processing unit restores the result data in the specific format based on a plurality of pieces of the unit result data in the specific format.” as “the division unit 302 of the text information processing apparatus may convert the training textual data into characters and strings; the probability calculation unit 303 may collect statistics and calculate independent probabilities of the characters and the joint probabilities of the strings in the training textual data; the candidate determination unit 304 determines whether a string corresponds to a candidate neologism according to independent probabilities of various characters of the string and the joint probability of the string; and the neologism determination unit 305 determines whether a candidate neologism is a neologism based on a preset dictionary and if a joint probability of the candidate neologism is greater than a preset threshold. ” [¶0148] Claim 5 is rejected over Lin-79 and Lin-42. Lin-79 teaches “the second operation unit displays a result based on the result data in the specific format on a display device.” as “The display unit 406 may be configured to display information entered by the user or information that is provided to the user, and graphical user interfaces of the server 400.” [¶0162] Claim 7 is rejected over Lin-79 and Lin-42. Lin-79 teaches “the controller includes a relay unit configured to relay data between the second operation unit and the command processing unit.” as “After detecting a touch operation on or near the touch-sensing device, the touch-sensing device transfer the touch operation to the processor 401 to determine a type of a touch event, and then the processor 401 provides corresponding visual output on the display panel according to the type of the touch event.” [¶0162] Claim 10 is rejected by Lin-79 and Lin-42 under the same rationale of rejection of claim 1. Claim(s) 3 and 8 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lin-79 et al. [US 2018/0217979 A1] in view of Lin et al. [US 2023/0244842 A1] and in further view of Milton et al. [US 2015/0149091 A1]. Claim 3 is rejected over Lin-79, Lin-42 and Milton. The combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 does not explicitly teach the first operation unit and the second operation unit are activated on a browser using the graphic user interface. However, Milton teaches “the first operation unit and the second operation unit are activated on a browser using the graphic user interface.” as “Each user devices 18 may include a processor and memory storing an operating system and various special-purpose applications, such as a browser by which webpages and advertisements are presented, or special-purpose native applications, such as weather applications, games, social-networking applications, shopping applications, and the like.” [¶0041] Lin-79, Lin-42 and Milton are analogous arts because they teach storage system and data management. Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention, having the teachings of Lin-79, Lin-42 and Milton before him/her, to modify the teachings of combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 to include the teachings of Milton with the motivation of calculating one or more quality scores based on the one or more quality attributes; and storing the one or more quality scores in memory. [Milton, Abstract] Claim 8 is rejected over Lin-79, Lin-42 and Milton. The combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 does not explicitly teach the second operation unit operates as a part of the graphic user interface of the browser. However, Milton teaches “the second operation unit operates as a part of the graphic user interface of the browser.” as “Each user devices 18 may include a processor and memory storing an operating system and various special-purpose applications, such as a browser by which webpages and advertisements are presented” [¶0041] Lin-79, Lin-42 and Milton are analogous arts because they teach storage system and data management. Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention, having the teachings of Lin-79, Lin-42 and Milton before him/her, to modify the teachings of combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 to include the teachings of Milton with the motivation of calculating one or more quality scores based on the one or more quality attributes; and storing the one or more quality scores in memory. [Milton, Abstract] Claim(s) 6 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lin-79 et al. [US 2018/0217979 A1] in view of Lin et al. [US 2023/0244842 A1] and in further view of Natanzon. [US 2019/0332781 A1]. Claim 6 is rejected over Lin-79, Lin-42 and Natanzon. The combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 does not explicitly teach the command processing unit transmits the result data in the specific format as it is when a determination is made that the result data in the specific format does not exceed the predetermined threshold size. However, Natanzon teaches “the command processing unit transmits the result data in the specific format as it is when a determination is made that the result data in the specific format does not exceed the predetermined threshold size.” as “the splitter compares the total size of a collection of aggregated IO writes to a threshold size. Once the collection of aggregated IO writes meets or exceeds the threshold size, the collection of aggregated IO writes and associated IO metadata is transmitted 436 from the production site to the CDP service at the replica site.” [¶0091] Lin-79, Lin-42 and Natanzon are analogous arts because they teach storage system and data management. Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention, having the teachings of Lin-79, Lin-42 and Natanzon before him/her, to modify the teachings of combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 to include the teachings of Natanzon with the motivation of serverless application architectures include scalability and reduced operational costs as well as finely-grained metering of compute services actually utilized by platform users. [Natanzon, ¶0046] Claim(s) 9 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Lin-79 et al. [US 2018/0217979 A1] in view of Lin et al. [US 2023/0244842 A1] and in further view of MARRIPUDI et al. [US 2018/0067671 A1]. Claim 9 is rejected over Lin-79, Lin-42 and MARRIPUDI. The combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 does not explicitly teach the second operation unit and a storage device perform data communication using WebSocket over SSL/TLS (WSS) as a protocol, and the storage device and the drive device perform data communication using a solid state drive (SSD) transmission protocol. However, MARRIPUDI teaches “the second operation unit and a storage device perform data communication using WebSocket over SSL/TLS (WSS) as a protocol, and the storage device and the drive device perform data communication using a solid state drive (SSD) transmission protocol.” as “the security scheme used for secure communication between the authentication agent 230 and the authentication server 240 can be secure sockets layer (SSL) or transport layer security (TLS). When an asynchronous event is posted by one of the SSDs, the authentication agent 230 relays the security credentials and a certificate associated with the SSD to the authentication server 240 and awaits a validation response. ” [¶0036] Lin-79, Lin-42 and MARRIPUDI are analogous arts because they teach storage system and data management. Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention, having the teachings of Lin-79, Lin-42 and MARRIPUDI before him/her, to modify the teachings of combination of Lin-79 and Lin-42 to include the teachings of MARRIPUDI with the motivation of validating the security certificate based on the security credential at an authentication server; providing a validation response from the authentication server to the authentication agent; forwarding the validation response from the authentication agent to the SSD; and executing the operational command based on the validation response. [MARRIPUDI, Abstract] Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Conclusion Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action. Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. See MPEP § 706.07(a). Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to MASUD K KHAN whose telephone number is (571)270-0606. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday (8am-5pm). Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Hosain Alam can be reached at (571) 272-3978. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /MASUD K KHAN/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2132
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 09, 2024
Application Filed
Jul 30, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Oct 30, 2025
Response Filed
Jan 05, 2026
Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
87%
Grant Probability
93%
With Interview (+6.3%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 428 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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