Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/855,965

LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Oct 10, 2024
Examiner
VISCONTI, GERALDINA
Art Unit
1737
Tech Center
1700 — Chemical & Materials Engineering
Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
86%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 5m
To Grant
88%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 86% — above average
86%
Career Allow Rate
1146 granted / 1325 resolved
+21.5% vs TC avg
Minimal +2% lift
Without
With
+1.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 5m
Avg Prosecution
36 currently pending
Career history
1361
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.8%
-38.2% vs TC avg
§103
23.9%
-16.1% vs TC avg
§102
23.9%
-16.1% vs TC avg
§112
32.2%
-7.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1325 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . This office action is responsive to the Amendment and Remarks filed 20 January 2026, wherein claim 2 was canceled. Subsequently, claims 1, 3-17, 19, 20, 22-24 are pending and presently under consideration in this application. Response to Amendment Applicants have amended the base independent claim 1 as follows and argue that said amendment sufficiently distinguishes the liquid crystal composition of the present claims from that of the prior art of record: (a) the claimed liquid-crystalline medium now comprises a compound of the more specific formula I-1-4 instead of the general formula I: PNG media_image1.png 182 753 media_image1.png Greyscale PNG media_image2.png 76 889 media_image2.png Greyscale (b) the claimed liquid-crystalline medium does not comprise a compound of formula III6: PNG media_image2.png 76 889 media_image2.png Greyscale The rejection of claims 8 and 10 under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112(pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as respectively set forth in paragraphs 10 and 11 of the previous FINAL office action on the merits, are hereby withdrawn in view of applicant’s amendments to the same. Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 20 January 2026 with respect to the rejection of claims under 35 U.S.C. 103 over Manabe et al., as set forth in paragraph 14 of the previous FINAL office action on the merits, said arguments essentially to the effect that the aforementioned amendments to the base independent claim 1 distinguish the claimed liquid-crystalline medium from that of the prior art, have been fully considered but are not persuasive, and are in fact moot, because the new grounds of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1, 3-17, 19, 20, 22-24 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being obvious over Manabe et al. (U.S. Patent No. 11,168,255). Manabe et al. discloses a liquid-crystalline medium, the corresponding method of preparation thereof said liquid-crystalline medium, as well as the corresponding use thereof said liquid-crystalline medium in a liquid crystal display, characterized in that said liquid-crystalline medium comprises a combination of compounds inclusive of the compounds of the present claims: at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula I-1-4, as is now claimed, as generally represented therein by PNG media_image3.png 84 346 media_image3.png Greyscale (abstract; column 3, line 12; claims) and PNG media_image4.png 242 383 media_image4.png Greyscale (column 20, line 11; claims), and more specifically, as represented therein by any of PNG media_image5.png 106 387 media_image5.png Greyscale PNG media_image6.png 131 382 media_image6.png Greyscale PNG media_image7.png 108 381 media_image7.png Greyscale and PNG media_image8.png 133 384 media_image8.png Greyscale (column 20, line 55+); at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formulae III1, III6, and III19, as respectively represented therein by PNG media_image9.png 141 418 media_image9.png Greyscale PNG media_image10.png 146 418 media_image10.png Greyscale and PNG media_image11.png 137 423 media_image11.png Greyscale (column 35, line 1+), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula H, as recited in each of claim 1, claim 4, and claim 5, as generally represented therein by any one of the following compounds in Table F PNG media_image12.png 286 343 media_image12.png Greyscale (column 103), PNG media_image13.png 308 348 media_image13.png Greyscale (column 103), PNG media_image14.png 330 374 media_image14.png Greyscale , PNG media_image15.png 300 360 media_image15.png Greyscale , PNG media_image16.png 319 398 media_image16.png Greyscale (column 105),preferably (column 107, line 1+) PNG media_image17.png 275 350 media_image17.png Greyscale PNG media_image18.png 307 363 media_image18.png Greyscale at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula I-1-4-1, as recited in claim 3, as generally represented therein by PNG media_image19.png 141 387 media_image19.png Greyscale (column 21, line 1), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formulae Z1 through Z4, as recited in claim 6, as generally represented therein by PNG media_image20.png 90 350 media_image20.png Greyscale (column 48, line 27), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula B, as recited in claim 7, as generally represented therein by any one of PNG media_image21.png 220 334 media_image21.png Greyscale PNG media_image22.png 220 381 media_image22.png Greyscale (column 30, line 55+), at least one compound inclusive of the compounds of the present formula II and III, as recited in claims 8-10, as generally respectively represented therein by PNG media_image23.png 154 423 media_image23.png Greyscale and PNG media_image24.png 134 431 media_image24.png Greyscale (column 32, line 25+), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula VI, as recited in claim 11, as represented therein PNG media_image25.png 158 365 media_image25.png Greyscale (column 76, line 1), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula XIV, as recited in claim 12, as represented therein by PNG media_image26.png 212 333 media_image26.png Greyscale PNG media_image27.png 212 445 media_image27.png Greyscale (column 80, line 35+), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula XVI, as recited in claim 13, as represented therein by PNG media_image28.png 275 530 media_image28.png Greyscale (column 81, line 60+), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula XVIIa and XVIIb as recited in claim 14, as respectively represented therein by PNG media_image29.png 98 504 media_image29.png Greyscale PNG media_image30.png 135 507 media_image30.png Greyscale and PNG media_image31.png 129 506 media_image31.png Greyscale (column 82, line 15+), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula XIII, as recited in claim 15, as represented therein by PNG media_image32.png 166 465 media_image32.png Greyscale (column 77, line 1), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formulae XXVII and XXVIII, as recited in claim 16, as represented therein by PNG media_image33.png 140 390 media_image33.png Greyscale PNG media_image34.png 138 390 media_image34.png Greyscale ([0115], p. 12), at least one compound inclusive of the compound of the present formulae XXXII, as recited in claim 17, as represented therein by any one of PNG media_image35.png 248 406 media_image35.png Greyscale PNG media_image36.png 265 422 media_image36.png Greyscale (column 80, line 55+). While each of Example 7 (column 136, line 25+) and Example 8 (column 137, line 1+) of Manabe et al. expressly illustrates a liquid-crystalline medium characterized by comprising two compounds inclusive of the compound of the present formula I-1-4, as is now claimed, in an amount % as claimed, as generally represented therein by PNG media_image37.png 155 367 media_image37.png Greyscale and PNG media_image38.png 148 351 media_image38.png Greyscale , and, each of Example 1 (column 132, line 24+), Example 2 (column 133, line 1+), Example 4 (column 133, line 45+), Example 7 (column 132, line 24+), Example 1 (column 132, line 24+), expressly illustrate a liquid-crystalline medium characterized by comprising a compound inclusive of the compound of the present formula I-1-4, as is now claimed, as generally represented therein by PNG media_image37.png 155 367 media_image37.png Greyscale with two compounds inclusive of the compound of the present formula III1 and/or III6 in an amount % as claimed, as respectively represented therein by PNG media_image39.png 120 398 media_image39.png Greyscale and PNG media_image40.png 131 404 media_image40.png Greyscale , Manabe et al. does not expressly illustrate the combination of compounds as is now claimed. Although Manabe et al. does not expressly illustrate the inventive liquid-crystalline medium comprising the claimed combination of the aforementioned compounds, the compounds of the present claims are well known in the liquid crystal art, individually as well as in combination, as generally taught therein. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the requisite art at the time the invention was filed to combine the compounds in a liquid-crystalline medium of Manabe et al., as generally taught therein, with reasonable expectations of achieving, absent object evidence to the contrary, the advantages taught therein, as well as those associated with their combination thereof. The applied reference has a common assignee with the instant application. Based upon the earlier effectively filed date of the reference, it constitutes prior art under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2). This rejection under 35 U.S.C. 103 might be overcome by: (1) a showing under 37 CFR 1.130(a) that the subject matter disclosed in the reference was obtained directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint inventor of this application and is thus not prior art in accordance with 35 U.S.C.102(b)(2)(A); (2) a showing under 37 CFR 1.130(b) of a prior public disclosure under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(B); or (3) a statement pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) establishing that, not later than the effective filing date of the claimed invention, the subject matter disclosed and the claimed invention were either owned by the same person or subject to an obligation of assignment to the same person or subject to a joint research agreement. See generally MPEP § 717.02. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Geraldina Visconti whose telephone number is (571)272-1334. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday, 8:00am-4:30pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Mark F Huff can be reached at 571-272-1385. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. GERALDINA VISCONTI Primary Examiner Art Unit 1737 /GERALDINA VISCONTI/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1737
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Oct 10, 2024
Application Filed
Jun 06, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103
Sep 10, 2025
Response Filed
Sep 23, 2025
Final Rejection — §102, §103
Jan 20, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 06, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
Feb 10, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 04, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
86%
Grant Probability
88%
With Interview (+1.5%)
2y 5m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 1325 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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