Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/886,697

UNIFIED DATA STRUCTURES FOR SOURCE-SPECIFIC DATA STRUCTURES ORIGINATING FROM THIRD-PARTY SOURCES

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Sep 16, 2024
Examiner
DAYE, CHELCIE L
Art Unit
2161
Tech Center
2100 — Computer Architecture & Software
Assignee
Dropbox Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 9m
To Grant
92%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
445 granted / 584 resolved
+21.2% vs TC avg
Strong +16% interview lift
Without
With
+16.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 9m
Avg Prosecution
7 currently pending
Career history
591
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
15.5%
-24.5% vs TC avg
§103
54.6%
+14.6% vs TC avg
§102
7.9%
-32.1% vs TC avg
§112
12.1%
-27.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 584 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . DETAILED ACTION This action is issued in response to Application filed September 16, 2024. Claims 1-20 are pending. Information Disclosure Statement The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on September 19, 2024 is in compliance with the provisions of 37 CFR 1.97. Accordingly, the information disclosure statement is being considered by the examiner. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 1-4, 8-13, 15-18, and 20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Zhang (U.S. Patent Application No. 2016/0162532) in view of Sehra (U.S. Patent Application No. 2024/0020292). Regarding Claim 1, Zhang discloses a computer-implemented method comprising: receiving a plurality of source-specific data items from a first third-party source and a second third-party source, the plurality of source-specific data items comprising data representing digital activity of a plurality of client devices using the first third-party source and the second third-party source (par [0031-0032], Zhang – receive content from various content sources. The content may be any type of textual information, graphics, documents, pictures, videos, aggregated information from other sources, or related to a specific application, good, service… each portion of content may be received from a different source, or may be received from the same source. The content sources may include content from various departments of a corporation or from different third party companies); generating, from the plurality of source-specific data items, a plurality of unified data items by utilizing a source-specific data structures to a unified data structure (par [0032], [0051], Zhang - Each portion of content may be merged with the other received portions of content by the content merging module of computer system. The aggregated representation generating module of computer system may then generate the aggregated representation that is displayed… par [0054]); identifying, a subset of unified data items from the plurality of unified data items by processing the request using the unified data structure, the subset of unified data items being based on source-specific data items from both the first third-party source and the second third-party source (Fig.1; par [0031-0032], [0044-0046], Zhang – identifying portions of content that are aggregated to one application or to multiple applications… accessing the portions of content, wherein the accessed portions of content are to be presented in a user interface. Merging the accessed portions of content into an aggregated representation which is displayable in the user interface); and providing the subset of unified data items to the administrator device (par [0037-0038], [0046], Zhang - merging the accessed portions of content into an aggregated representation which is displayable in the user interface). While Zhang teaches merging and aggregating the content into a unified structure. However, Zhang is not as detailed with respect to mapping the data from data sources and indicating a request. On the other hand, Sehra discloses mapping the data from data sources (par [0015], [0093], Sehra - the AI-based data harmonization model may perform an AI-based data profiling to detect data patterns and automatically generate potential rules that can be used to check data quality. The harmonization model may also perform automated data mapping to map fields of a data source to fields of a target dataset.) and indicating a request (par [0094-0095], Sehra – send a query to the system for the data harmonization model to produce a resolution to the query). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to incorporate Sehra’s automated data harmonization technique into Zhang’s digital content aggregation system. A skilled artisan would have been motivated to combine in order to better organize, analyze, and relate structured data that are stored in multiple separate data sources. Regarding Claim 2, the combination of Zhang in view of Sehra, disclose the computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of source-specific data items comprises an indication of digital activity corresponding to the plurality of client devices comprising at least one of copying, downloading, viewing, sharing, or creating a public link (par [0031-0032], Zhang - content may be any type of textual information, graphics, documents, pictures, videos, aggregated information from other sources, or related to a specific application, good, service). Regarding Claim 3, the combination of Zhang in view of Sehra, disclose the computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein utilizing the translation layer that maps the source-specific data structures to the unified data structure comprises: mapping a first source-specific data structure of the first third-party source to the unified data structure by referencing a first specification that indicates a naming convention of the first source-specific data structure corresponds to a first unified naming convention of the unified data structure; and mapping a second source-specific data structure of the second third-party source to the unified data structure by referencing a second specification that indicates a naming convention of the second source-specific data structure corresponds to a second unified naming convention of the unified data structure (Abstract; par [0078-0080], [0089-0091], Sehra – harmonization module is used to aggregate and analyze data from a plurality of data sources into a format that is compatible for combining the data from the plurality of sources ; wherein the sources can be third-party sources… normalizing values from different data sources helps to attribute to the unified harmonized data structure and naming convention… also see par [0031-0036]). Regarding Claim 4, the combination of Zhang in view of Sehra, disclose the computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein identifying the subset of unified data items comprises: receiving the request comprising a query relating to a first type of digital activity and a second type of digital activity for a first client device of the plurality of client devices (par [0031-0032], Zhang – receive content from various content sources. The content may be any type of textual information, graphics, documents, pictures, videos, aggregated information from other sources, or related to a specific application, good, service… each portion of content may be received from a different source, or may be received from the same source. The content sources may include content from various departments of a corporation or from different third party companies… par [0094-0095], Sehra – send a query to the system for the data harmonization model to produce a resolution to the query); and identifying the subset of unified data items comprising the source-specific data items for the first type of digital activity and the second type of digital activity for the first client device, wherein the first type of digital activity and the second type of digital activity for the first client device are performed on both the first third-party source and the second third-party source (Fig.1; par [0031-0032], [0044-0046], Zhang – identifying portions of content that are aggregated to one application or to multiple applications… accessing the portions of content, wherein the accessed portions of content are to be presented in a user interface. Merging the accessed portions of content into an aggregated representation which is displayable in the user interface). Regarding Claim 8, the combination of Zhang in view of Sehra, disclose the computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein providing the subset of unified data items to the administrator device further comprises: generating, utilizing a large language model, a summary of the subset of unified data items from both the first third-party source and the second third-party source; and providing the summary of the subset of unified data items to the administrator device (par [0051], Zhang – general overview of the aggregated representation along with the different portions of data… par [0060], Sehra – Deep Learning). Regarding Claim 9, the combination of Zhang in view of Sehra, disclose the computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: monitoring the plurality of unified data items from the plurality of client devices to determine that a client device accessed a third third-party source; comparing the third third-party source to a database of approved third-party sources; and in response to determining that the third third-party source is not an approved third-party source, sending a notification to the administrator device (par [0053], Zhang). Claims 10-13 and 15 contain similar subject matter as claims 1-4 and 8 above; and are rejected under the same rationale. Claims 16-18 and 20 contain similar subject matter as claims 1-3 and 8 above; and are rejected under the same rationale. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 5-7, 14, and 19 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. The following is a statement of reasons for the indication of allowable subject matter: generating a policy to control digital activity of the plurality of client devices using the first third-party source and the second third-party source; detecting that digital activity of a client device from the plurality of client devices violated the policy on the first third-party source by analyzing the plurality of unified data items from the plurality of client devices; causing the first third-party source to enforce the policy by reversing the digital activity of the client device; and sending a notification to the client device regarding the violation of the policy. Points of Contact Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to CHELCIE L DAYE whose telephone number is (571) 272-3891. The examiner can normally be reached on Monday-Friday 7:30-4:00pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Apu Mofiz can be reached on 571-272-4080. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). Chelcie Daye Patent Examiner Technology Center 2100 January 10, 2026 /CHELCIE L DAYE/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2161
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Prosecution Timeline

Sep 16, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 10, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Mar 11, 2026
Interview Requested
Apr 08, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Apr 08, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
92%
With Interview (+16.0%)
3y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 584 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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