Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/891,904

PUBLISH-SUBSCRIBE BASED ON SEPARATION OF CONTROL AND DATA FUNCTIONS

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Sep 20, 2024
Examiner
CHOUDHURY, RAQIUL A
Art Unit
2444
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
86%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 3m
To Grant
93%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 86% — above average
86%
Career Allow Rate
211 granted / 244 resolved
+28.5% vs TC avg
Moderate +6% lift
Without
With
+6.1%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 3m
Avg Prosecution
22 currently pending
Career history
266
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
8.8%
-31.2% vs TC avg
§103
52.4%
+12.4% vs TC avg
§102
15.9%
-24.1% vs TC avg
§112
17.8%
-22.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 244 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-14 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a) (1) as being anticipated by Appleby et al (“Appleby”, US 20070156898). Regarding Claim 1, Appleby teaches an apparatus, comprising: at least one processor (par 2; Although a processor is not explicitly stated, it is inherent that a server comprises a processor and memory.); and at least one memory including instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to (par 2; Although a processor is not explicitly stated, it is inherent that a server comprises a processor and memory.): send, toward a control function, a request to establish a publish-subscribe control session between a publish-subscribe client and the control function (par 8-14; The control function is the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe control session is the access to the requested publish or subscribe function.); receive, based on the publish-subscribe control session, a response identifying a data function to be used by the publish-subscribe client for a publish-subscribe data session (par 8-14; The data function is also the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe control session is the access to the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe data session is also the access to the requested publish or subscribe function.); and send, toward the data function, a request to establish the publish-subscribe data session between the publish-subscribe client and the data function (par 8-14; The data function is also the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe data session is also the access to the requested publish or subscribe function.). Regarding Claim 2, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 1. Appleby further teaches wherein the request to establish the publish-subscribe control session is sent over a connection between the publish-subscribe client and the control function and using a message of a publish-subscribe protocol (par 8-14; The control function is the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe control session is the access to the requested publish or subscribe function. The message is the request.). Regarding Claim 3, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 1. Appleby further teaches wherein the request to establish the publish-subscribe control session includes a parameter specified for the publish-subscribe data session, wherein the data function is selected from a set of available data functions based on the parameter specified for the publish-subscribe data session (par 8-14; The data function is the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe control session is the access to the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe data session is also the access to the requested publish or subscribe function. The parameter is the communication path used.). Regarding Claim 4, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 3. Appleby further teaches wherein the parameter specified for the publish-subscribe data session includes at least one of a content type of content to be communicated on the publish-subscribe data session, a client type of the publish-subscribe client, or a location of the publish-subscribe client (par 8-14; The data function is the requested publish or subscribe function. The parameter is the communication path used.). Regarding Claim 5, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 1. Appleby further teaches wherein the request to establish the publish-subscribe data session is sent over a connection between the publish-subscribe client and the data function and using a message of a publish-subscribe protocol (par 8-14; The data function is the requested publish or subscribe function. The publish-subscribe data session is also the access to the requested publish or subscribe function. The message is the request.). Regarding Claim 6, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 1. Appleby further teaches wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: send, toward the data function based on the publish-subscribe data session, a request to publish content or a request to subscribe to content (par 8-14; The data function is the requested publish or subscribe function. The message is the request. The publish-subscribe data session is also the access to the requested publish or subscribe function.). Regarding Claim 7, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 1. Appleby further teaches wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive a message identifying a second data function to be used by the publish-subscribe client for the publish-subscribe data session (par 8-14; The second data function is the requested publish or subscribe function for another request of a different communication path used.); and send, toward the second data function, a request to establish the publish-subscribe data session between the publish-subscribe client and the second data function (par 8-14; The second data function is the requested publish or subscribe function for another request of a different communication path used. The publish-subscribe data session is also the access to the requested publish or subscribe function.). Regarding Claim 8, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 7. Appleby further teaches wherein the message identifying the second data function is received via the publish-subscribe control session (par 8-14; The second data function is the requested publish or subscribe function for another request of a different communication path used. The publish-subscribe control session is the access to the requested publish or subscribe function.). Regarding Claim 9, Appleby teaches the apparatus of claim 7. Appleby further teaches wherein the message identifying the second data function is received via the publish-subscribe data session (par 8-14; The second data function is the requested publish or subscribe function for another request of a different communication path used. The publish-subscribe data session is also the access to the requested publish or subscribe function.). Regarding Claim 10, Claim 10 is rejected with the same reasoning as Claim 1. Regarding Claim 11, Claim 11 is rejected with the same reasoning as Claim 7. Regarding Claim 12, Claim 12 is rejected with the same reasoning as Claim 8. Regarding Claim 13, Claim 13 is rejected with the same reasoning as Claim 9. Regarding Claim 14, Claim 14 is rejected with the same reasoning as Claim 1. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure: Smith et al (US 20190141143), Abstract - There is disclosed in one example a data exchange layer (DXL) broker, including: a network interface to communicatively couple to a data exchange layer (DXL), the DXL including an enterprise service bus (ESB) configured to provide one-to-one device communications over a publish-subscribe fabric; hardware including at least a processor; and instructions encoded on one or more computer-readable mediums to instruct the processor to provide DXL broker software configured to: receive a DXL request message via the DXL, the request message directed to a DXL service; determine that the DXL service is available; and forward the request message to a DXL endpoint via the DXL. Sherman et al (US 20180309831), Abstract - An Internet of Things (IoT) system may include a publisher computer connected to IoT devices. The publisher computer may execute operations to provide data for the IoT devices to a remote computer which may be included in a cloud infrastructure. The publisher computer can receive data from the IoT devices, convert the data to a publisher-subscriber format that conforms to a predetermined specification, and transmit the data to the cloud infrastructure or other remote computers. Rahman et al (US 20060123116), Abstract - One or more system components participate in a SIP-enabled service discovery protocol. Participation includes using SIP capability to publish, subscribe to, and/or notify of services using: (a) a service description formatted according to a predefined service discovery protocol; and/or (b) a service description query formatted according to the predefined service discovery protocol. The predefined service discovery protocol can be SLP. The system component can be a service providing device, a service subscribing device, and/or a network node. Service subscribing devices can use subscribe and notify components of a SIP event package to send service description queries and obtain service descriptions. Service providing devices can advertise service descriptions using the SIP publish method. Network nodes can propagate service advertisements downstream using the SIP publish method, and/or can inform subscribing devices of services using the notify component of the SIP event package. Hinton et al (US 20130227140), Abstract - A proxy is integrated within an F-SSO environment and interacts with an external identity provider (IdP) instance discovery service. The proxy proxies IdP instance requests to the discovery service and receives responses that include the IdP instance assignments. The proxy maintains a cache of the instance assignment(s). As new instance requests are received, the cached assignment data is used to provide appropriate responses in lieu of proxying these requests to the discovery service, thereby reducing the time needed to identify the required IdP instance. The proxy dynamically maintains and manages its cache by subscribing to updates from the discovery service. The updates identify IdP instance changes (such as servers being taken offline for maintenance, new services being added, etc.) occurring within the set of geographically-distributed instances that comprise the IdP service. The updates are provided via a publication-subscription model such that the proxy receives change notifications proactively. Kim et al (US 20120166556), Abstract - A method, a device, and a system for real-time publish subscribe (RTPS) discovery based on a distributed hash table (DHT) are provided. The method for RTPS discovery based on a DHT includes: registering, by a participant peer of participants, the participants in a distributed hash table (DHT) of an overlay network; obtaining location information on relative participants to be discovered from the DHT; sharing information on entities of the relative participants by exchanging a discovery message with the participant peer based on the location information on the obtained relative participants; and performing handshaking between the entities of the participants and the entities of the relative participants. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention can rapidly and efficiently perform the discover of the participants based on the DHT. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to RAQIUL AMIN CHOUDHURY whose telephone number is (571)272-2482. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 7:30 AM - 5:30 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, John Follansbee can be reached at 571-272-3964. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /RAQIUL A CHOUDHURY/Examiner, Art Unit 2444
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Prosecution Timeline

Sep 20, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 18, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
86%
Grant Probability
93%
With Interview (+6.1%)
2y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 244 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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