DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Double Patenting
The nonstatutory double patenting rejection is based on a judicially created doctrine grounded in public policy (a policy reflected in the statute) so as to prevent the unjustified or improper timewise extension of the “right to exclude” granted by a patent and to prevent possible harassment by multiple assignees. A nonstatutory double patenting rejection is appropriate where the conflicting claims are not identical, but at least one examined application claim is not patentably distinct from the reference claim(s) because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious over, the reference claim(s). See, e.g., In re Berg, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Longi, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 (Fed. Cir. 1985); In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 761 (CCPA 1982); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ 644 (CCPA 1969).
A timely filed terminal disclaimer in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(c) or 1.321(d) may be used to overcome an actual or provisional rejection based on nonstatutory double patenting provided the reference application or patent either is shown to be commonly owned with the examined application, or claims an invention made as a result of activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement. See MPEP § 717.02 for applications subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA as explained in MPEP § 2159. See MPEP § 2146 et seq. for applications not subject to examination under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . A terminal disclaimer must be signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(b).
The filing of a terminal disclaimer by itself is not a complete reply to a nonstatutory double patenting (NSDP) rejection. A complete reply requires that the terminal disclaimer be accompanied by a reply requesting reconsideration of the prior Office action. Even where the NSDP rejection is provisional the reply must be complete. See MPEP § 804, subsection I.B.1. For a reply to a non-final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.111(a). For a reply to final Office action, see 37 CFR 1.113(c). A request for reconsideration while not provided for in 37 CFR 1.113(c) may be filed after final for consideration. See MPEP §§ 706.07(e) and 714.13.
The USPTO Internet website contains terminal disclaimer forms which may be used. Please visit www.uspto.gov/patent/patents-forms. The actual filing date of the application in which the form is filed determines what form (e.g., PTO/SB/25, PTO/SB/26, PTO/AIA /25, or PTO/AIA /26) should be used. A web-based eTerminal Disclaimer may be filled out completely online using web-screens. An eTerminal Disclaimer that meets all requirements is auto-processed and approved immediately upon submission. For more information about eTerminal Disclaimers, refer to www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/applying-online/eterminal-disclaimer.
Claims 1-4, 8-11, 15-16, 18-19 are rejected on the ground of nonstatutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claim 1, 3. 12, 14 of U.S. Patent No. 12,132,597 B2 in view of Gore et al. (US 2007/0071127 A1).
Claim
Instant Application
Claim
US Patent 12,132,597
1
A method of wireless communication, comprising:
generating a transmission waveform comprising modulated data symbols carrying information bits, wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers, and
transmitting the transmission waveform using frequency and time resources wherein: (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
1
A method of wireless communication, comprising:
performing a first mapping in which information bits are mapped to transmission resources in a first portion of a two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid, wherein the two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid comprises N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers;
performing a second mapping in which a reference signal is mapped to transmission resources in a second portion of the two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid; and
generating a transmission waveform from a signal combination of an output of the first mapping and an output of the second mapping;
wherein the transmission waveform corresponds to an output of an orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) waveform of the signal combination, and at least the output of the second mapping undergoes a time-domain spreading operation.
4
The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission waveform is generating using a two- dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
3
The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission waveform is generated using a two-dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
8
A method of wireless communication, comprising:
receiving a transmission waveform using frequency and time resources wherein the transmission waveform comprises (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources in which a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources in which the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold,
wherein the transmission waveform comprises modulated data symbols carrying information bits, wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers; and
processing the transmission waveform to recover the information bits.
12
A method of wireless communication, comprising:
receiving a wireless waveform that represents an orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) waveform of a signal combination of modulated information bits and a reference signal that are placed along a two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers,
wherein the two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid comprises a first portion in which the modulated information bits are mapped to first transmission resources therein and a second portion in which the reference signal is mapped to second transmission resources therein;
generating a non-spread waveform by applying a time-domain inverse spreading operation to at least a portion of the wireless waveform corresponding to the second portion; and
extracting information bits using further receiver-side processing of the non-spread waveform.
11
The method of claim 8, wherein the transmission waveform is generated using a two- dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
14
The method of claim 12, wherein the wireless waveform is generated using a two-dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
15
A wireless communication apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to cause the wireless communication apparatus to perform a method of wireless communication, comprising:
generating a transmission waveform comprising modulated data symbols carrying information bits, wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers, and
transmitting the transmission waveform using frequency and time resources wherein: (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
1
A method of wireless communication, comprising:
performing a first mapping in which information bits are mapped to transmission resources in a first portion of a two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid, wherein the two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid comprises N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers;
performing a second mapping in which a reference signal is mapped to transmission resources in a second portion of the two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid; and
generating a transmission waveform from a signal combination of an output of the first mapping and an output of the second mapping;
wherein the transmission waveform corresponds to an output of an orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) waveform of the signal combination, and at least the output of the second mapping undergoes a time-domain spreading operation.
16
The wireless communication apparatus of claim 15, wherein the transmission waveform is generating using a two-dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
3
The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission waveform is generated using a two-dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
18
A wireless communication apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to cause the wireless communication apparatus to perform a method of wireless communication, comprising:
receiving a transmission waveform using frequency and time resources wherein the transmission waveform comprises (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources in which a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources in which the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold,
wherein the transmission waveform comprises modulated data symbols carrying information bits, wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers; and
processing the transmission waveform to recover the information bits.
12
A method of wireless communication, comprising:
receiving a wireless waveform that represents an orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) waveform of a signal combination of modulated information bits and a reference signal that are placed along a two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers,
wherein the two-dimensional delay-Doppler grid comprises a first portion in which the modulated information bits are mapped to first transmission resources therein and a second portion in which the reference signal is mapped to second transmission resources therein;
generating a non-spread waveform by applying a time-domain inverse spreading operation to at least a portion of the wireless waveform corresponding to the second portion; and
extracting information bits using further receiver-side processing of the non-spread waveform.
19
The wireless communication apparatus of claim 18, wherein the transmission waveform is generated using a two-dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
14
The method of claim 12, wherein
the wireless waveform is generated using a two-dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension.
(1) Regarding claim 1:
Claim 1 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 discloses all subject matter of claim 1, except (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
However, Gore discloses a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of claim 1 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(2) Regarding claim 2:
Claim 1 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 1, and Gore further discloses the first threshold or the second threshold is relative to the power of the transmission waveform (the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057)).
(3) Regarding claim 3:
Claim 1 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 1, and Gore further discloses the first threshold or the second threshold is a pre-defined value (the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057), the examiner interprets the 20dB as the claimed pre-defined value).
(4) Regarding claim 4:
Claim 1 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 1, and claim 3 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 further discloses the subject matter of claim 4 as shown in above comparison.
(5) Regarding claim 8:
Claim 12 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 discloses all subject matter of claim 8, except (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
However, Gore discloses a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of claim 8 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(6) Regarding claim 9:
Claim 12 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 8, and Gore further discloses the first threshold or the second threshold is relative to the power of the transmission waveform (the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057)).
(7) Regarding claim 10:
Claim 12 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 8, and Gore further discloses the first threshold or the second threshold is a pre-defined value (the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057), the examiner interprets the 20dB as the claimed pre-defined value).
(8) Regarding claim 11:
Claim 12 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 8, and claim 14 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 further discloses the subject matter of claim 11 as shown in above comparison.
(9) Regarding claim 15:
Claim 1 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 discloses all subject matter of claim 15, except33 (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold; and the method is performed by a wireless communication apparatus comprising at least one processor.
However, Gore discloses a transmitter with processor (processor 680 and 682 as shown in figure 6, para. 0067), and a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of claim 8 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(10) Regarding claim 16:
Claim 1 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 15, and claim 3 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 further discloses the subject matter of claim 16 as shown in above comparison.
(11) Regarding claim 18:
Claim 12 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 discloses all subject matter of claim 18, except (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold; and the method is performed by a wireless communication apparatus comprising at least one processor.
However, Gore discloses a device with processor (processor 680 and 682 as shown in figure 6, para. 0067), and transmit a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of claim 12 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(12) Regarding claim 19:
Claim 12 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claim 18, and claim 14 of US Patent 12,132,597 B2 further discloses the subject matter of claim 19 as shown in above comparison.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
Claims 1-4, 8-11, 15-16, 18-19 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Hadani (US 2020/0204410 A1) in view of Gore et al. (US 2007/0071127 A1).
(1) Regarding claim 1:
Hadani discloses a method of wireless communication, comprising:
generating a transmission waveform comprising modulated data symbols carrying information bits (para. 0099), wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers (We assume that the filter function factorizes as w([Symbol font/0x74],v)=w[Symbol font/0x74]([Symbol font/0x74])wv(v) where the delay and Doppler factors are square root Nyquist with respect to [Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74]=[Symbol font/0x74]r/N and [Symbol font/0x44]v=v r /M respectively. We encode the information bits as a periodic 2D sequence of QAM symbols x=x[n[Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74],m[Symbol font/0x44]v] with periods (N,M), para. 0099; para. 0102-0103), and
transmitting the transmission waveform using frequency and time resources (Signal transmissions in a wireless network may be represented by describing the waveforms in the time domain, in the frequency domain, or in the delay-Doppler domain (e.g., Zak domain), para. 0036).
Hadani fails to disclose (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
However, Gore discloses a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of Hadani for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(2) Regarding claim 15:
Hadani discloses a wireless communication apparatus (as shown in figure 15) comprising at least one processor (processor 1502 as shown in figure 15) configured to cause the wireless communication apparatus to perform a method of wireless communication, comprising:
generating a transmission waveform comprising modulated data symbols carrying information bits, wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers (We assume that the filter function factorizes as w([Symbol font/0x74],v)=w[Symbol font/0x74]([Symbol font/0x74])wv(v) where the delay and Doppler factors are square root Nyquist with respect to [Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74]=[Symbol font/0x74]r/N and [Symbol font/0x44]v=v r /M respectively. We encode the information bits as a periodic 2D sequence of QAM symbols x=x[n[Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74],m[Symbol font/0x44]v] with periods (N,M), para. 0099; para. 0102-0103), and
transmitting the transmission waveform using frequency and time resources (Signal transmissions in a wireless network may be represented by describing the waveforms in the time domain, in the frequency domain, or in the delay-Doppler domain (e.g., Zak domain), para. 0036).
Hadani fails to disclose (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources is configured such that a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
However, Gore discloses a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of Hadani for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(3) Regarding claim 8:
Hadani discloses a method of wireless communication, comprising:
receiving a transmission waveform using frequency and time resources (We now proceed to describe the de-modulation rule implemented at the receiver side. Given a time domain waveform φrx, the receiver demodulates it according to the following formula, para. 0237-0242),
wherein the transmission waveform comprises modulated data symbols carrying information bits, wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers; and processing the transmission waveform to recover the information bits (We assume that the filter function factorizes as w([Symbol font/0x74],v)=w[Symbol font/0x74]([Symbol font/0x74])wv(v) where the delay and Doppler factors are square root Nyquist with respect to [Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74]=[Symbol font/0x74]r/N and [Symbol font/0x44]v=v r /M respectively. We encode the information bits as a periodic 2D sequence of QAM symbols x=x[n[Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74],m[Symbol font/0x44]v] with periods (N,M), para. 0099; para. 0102-0103).
Hadani fails to disclose the transmission waveform comprises (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources in which a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources in which the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
However, Gore discloses a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of Hadani for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(4) Regarding claim 18:
Hadani discloses a wireless communication apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to cause the wireless communication apparatus to perform a method of wireless communication, comprising:
receiving a transmission waveform using frequency and time resources (We now proceed to describe the de-modulation rule implemented at the receiver side. Given a time domain waveform φrx, the receiver demodulates it according to the following formula, para. 0237-0242),
wherein the transmission waveform comprises modulated data symbols carrying information bits, wherein the modulated data symbols are organized in a number of data frames along a delay-Doppler grid comprising N Doppler elements and M delay elements, where N and M are positive integers; and processing the transmission waveform to recover the information bits (We assume that the filter function factorizes as w([Symbol font/0x74],v)=w[Symbol font/0x74]([Symbol font/0x74])wv(v) where the delay and Doppler factors are square root Nyquist with respect to [Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74]=[Symbol font/0x74]r/N and [Symbol font/0x44]v=v r /M respectively. We encode the information bits as a periodic 2D sequence of QAM symbols x=x[n[Symbol font/0x44][Symbol font/0x74],m[Symbol font/0x44]v] with periods (N,M), para. 0099; para. 0102-0103).
Hadani fails to disclose the transmission waveform comprises (a) a reduced power frequency portion of the frequency resources in which a power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power frequency portion is below a first threshold, or (b) a reduced power time portion of the time resources in which the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold.
However, Gore discloses a waveform in figure 4 with the time duration for the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057).
It is desirable to have a reduced power time portion of the time resources is configured such that the power of the transmission waveform in the reduced power time portion is below a second threshold because it enhanced the channel estimation for the waveform (para. 0012). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Gore in the method of Hadani for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(5) Regarding claims 2 and 9:
Hadani and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claims 1 and 8, and Gore further discloses the first threshold or the second threshold is relative to the power of the transmission waveform (the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057)).
(6) Regarding claims 3 and 10:
Hadani and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claims 1 and 8, and Gore further discloses the first threshold or the second threshold is a pre-defined value (the pilot waveform 510 transmitted at a power level below that of waveform 502, such as 20dB below the transmission power of waveform 502 (para. 0053-0054, 0057), the examiner interprets the 20dB as the claimed pre-defined value).
(7) Regarding claims 4, 11, 16, 19:
Hadani and Gore together disclose all subject matter of claims 1, 8, 15, and 18, and Hadani further discloses the transmission waveform is generating using a two- dimensional delay-Doppler pulse that is represented as a twisted convolution of a pulse in a delay dimension and a pulse in a Doppler dimension (we assume that the function w=wtx can be decomposed as a twisted/Heisenberg convolution w=w[Symbol font/0x67] * w[Symbol font/0x6E] where w[Symbol font/0x74] is a one dimensional function supported on the delay axis and w[Symbol font/0x6E] is one dimensional function supported on the Doppler axis, para. 0205-0208).
Claims 5-6 and 12-13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Hadani (US 2020/0204410 A1) in view of Gore et al. (US 2007/0071127 A1) as applied to claims 4 and 11 above, and further in view of Hebron et al. (US 2019/0044682 A1).
(1) Regarding claims 5 and 12:
Hadani and Gore discloses all subject matter of claims 4 and 11, but fails to disclose the pulse in the delay dimension and/or the Doppler dimension corresponds to a linear combination of different pulses.
However, Hebron discloses In the paradigm of OTFS channels are understood in two domains: Time-Frequency domain. In this domain the channel acts by multiplication and looks like a linear combination of two dimensional waves. Delay-Doppler domain. In this domain the channel acts by convolution and looks like a linear combination of two dimensional sincs (para. 0044-0046).
It is desirable to have the pulse in the delay dimension and/or the Doppler dimension corresponds to a linear combination of different pulses because improves the channel estimation process to obtain entire communication channel estimation. Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Hebron in the method and apparatus of Hadani and Gore for the benefit of improving the channel estimation.
(2) Regarding claims 6 and 13:
Hadani and Gore discloses all subject matter of claims 5 and 12, but fails to disclose the different pulses include at least two different raised cosine pulses or at least two different square root raised cosine pulses.
However, in the same field of endeavor, Hebron discloses, assume the implementation uses a Raised Cosine (RC) filter in both the transmitter and the receiver with the following Tx/Rx windows: Number of time samples: 50 (n=36, and additional 14 for the RC filter), Number of frequency samples: 626 (m=500, and additional 126 for the RC filter) (para. 0146-0149).
It is desirable to have the different pulses include at least two different raised cosine pulses or at least two different square root raised cosine pulses because it enable lower pilot leakage (para. 0161). Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to employ the teaching of Hebron in the method and apparatus of Hadani and Gore for the benefit of reducing pilot leakage.
Allowable Subject Matter
Claims 7, 14, 17, and 20 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims.
Conclusion
The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure.
Hadani (WO/2017/087706 A1) discloses orthogonal time frequency space modulation technique.
Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to SIU M LEE whose telephone number is (571)270-1083. The examiner can normally be reached M-T 8:30-7:00.
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If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Chieh M Fan can be reached at 571-272-3042. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
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/SIU M LEE/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2632 8/14/2026
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