Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 17, 2026
Application No. 18/934,191

SINE ROTARY ENGINE

Non-Final OA §112
Filed
Oct 31, 2024
Examiner
LAURENZI, MARK A
Art Unit
3746
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
unknown
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
68%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 1m
To Grant
86%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 68% — above average
68%
Career Allow Rate
226 granted / 331 resolved
-1.7% vs TC avg
Strong +17% interview lift
Without
With
+17.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 1m
Avg Prosecution
4 currently pending
Career history
335
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.8%
-39.2% vs TC avg
§103
61.1%
+21.1% vs TC avg
§102
20.8%
-19.2% vs TC avg
§112
14.4%
-25.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 331 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Specification The disclosure is objected to because of the following informalities: Regarding paragraph 32 of the specification, “sin(ϴ) + k or αcos(ϴ) + k” is unclear. The sine and cosine of an angle are dimensionless ratios meaning they have no units of measurement. Since α represents a diameter and k represents a length, the result of αcos(ϴ) + k would have units of length. However, sin(ϴ) + k results in a sum of a dimensionless value and a unit of length which renders the equation invalid. Appropriate correction is required. Claim Objections Regarding claims 1 and 5, the claims are objected to because the inclusion of reference characters is inconsistent throughout these claims. If reference characters are included in a claim, they should be consistently utilized each time the corresponding limitation appears. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 1-5 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Regarding claim 1, lines 33-34, “the rotor housing is determined by an equation” is indefinite. It is unclear what feature or value (e.g., rotor housing shape, rotor housing capacity, rotor housing diameter, etc.) about the rotor housing is determined using the equation. Regarding claim 1, line 34, “sin(ϴ) + k or αcos(ϴ) + k” is indefinite. The sine and cosine of an angle are dimensionless ratios meaning they have no units of measurement. Since α represents a diameter and k represents a length, the result of αcos(ϴ) + k would have units of length. However, sin(ϴ) + k results in a sum of a dimensionless value and a unit of length which renders the equation invalid. Clarification is required. Additional Subject Matter Claims 1-5 are not rejected under art; however, they are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) and are therefore not allowable. The closest prior art is Machlet (US 825,671). Machlet discloses a sine rotary engine (Figure 1) comprising: a rotor housing [1, 5, 6] having an inlet pipe (see [2]) and an outlet pipe (see [2a]) respectively formed therein, the rotor housing [1, 5, 6] having an inner space (interior of drum [1]) formed with a curved inner surface [10] of the rotor housing [1, 5, 6] and configured to allow fluid introduced through the inlet pipe (see [2]) to fill the inner space (interior of drum [1]); a power shaft [3] rotatably installed inside the rotor housing [1, 5, 6], the power shaft [3] being installed at a position eccentric from a central point of the inner space (interior of drum [1]); a reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] formed corresponding to a width of the inner space (interior of drum [1]) of the rotor housing [1, 5, 6] and installed through a central portion of the power shaft [3] in a radial direction of the power shaft [3], wherein the reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] is rotated inside the rotor housing [1, 5, 6] while performing linear reciprocating motion in the radial direction of the power shaft [3] according to a rotation angle thereof; and an eccentric shaft [14] formed to have a smaller diameter than a diameter of the power shaft [3] and rotatably installed in the rotor housing [1, 5, 6], wherein the eccentric shaft [14] is connected to a central portion of the reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] and guides the reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] such that the reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] has a constant rotational orbit, wherein: the rotor housing [1, 5, 6] has bearings [19] (also see bearing surrounding shaft [22] in Figure 3) installed therein, wherein the bearings [19] (also see bearing surrounding shaft [22] in Figure 3) are respectively installed in portions of the rotor housing [1, 5, 6], the portions allowing the power shaft [3] and the eccentric shaft [14] to be respectively installed therein, and wherein, for smooth rotational motion, a first bearing (see bearing surrounding shaft [22] in Figure 3) is installed in the portion of the rotor housing [1, 5, 6], the portion allowing the power shaft [3] to be installed therein, and a second bearing [19] is installed in the portion of the rotor housing [1, 5, 6], the portion allowing the eccentric shaft [14] to be installed therein, the eccentric shaft [14] is installed in the rotor housing [1, 5, 6] such that a central point of the eccentric shaft is located above a central point of the power shaft [3] (see relative positions of hub or shoe [14] to cylinder [3] in Figure 1), the reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] has a first slot [12] formed in the central portion thereof, and the eccentric shaft [14] has a second slot [13], wherein the reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] and the eccentric shaft [14] are axially coupled to each other by the slots [12, 13], an internal shape of the rotor housing [1, 5, 6] is determined by a ratio of a length of the reciprocating rotor [9, 11, 12] to the diameter of the eccentric shaft [14] (page1 line 109 -page 2 line 70 and Figures 1-6). Machlet neither discloses nor renders obvious the reciprocating rotor and the eccentric shaft being axially coupled to each other by a guide pin inserted into a first pin hole formed in the reciprocating rotor and a second pin hole formed in the eccentric shaft or the rotor housing being determined by an equation of sin(ϴ) + k or αcos(ϴ) + k, however, as outlined in paragraphs 6 and 7 above, the rotor housing being determined by an equation of sin(ϴ) + k or αcos(ϴ) + k is unclear. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. See Jessop (US 133,318 A), Marion (US 1,434,716 A), Jirnov et al. (US 5,758,501 A), and Richter (US 4,385,873) which all disclose similar rotary engines featuring reciprocating rotors. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to AUDREY B. WALTER whose telephone number is (571)270-5286. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday: 8:30 am - 4:30 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Mark Laurenzi can be reached at 571-270-7878. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /AUDREY B. WALTER/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3746
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Oct 31, 2024
Application Filed
Oct 20, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
68%
Grant Probability
86%
With Interview (+17.4%)
3y 1m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 331 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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