Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 17, 2026
Application No. 18/934,889

HYBRID ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Non-Final OA §102§112
Filed
Nov 01, 2024
Examiner
FIN, MICHAEL RUTLAND
Art Unit
2836
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
unknown
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
80%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
94%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 80% — above average
80%
Career Allow Rate
495 granted / 621 resolved
+11.7% vs TC avg
Moderate +15% lift
Without
With
+14.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
25 currently pending
Career history
646
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.5%
-39.5% vs TC avg
§103
46.6%
+6.6% vs TC avg
§102
28.7%
-11.3% vs TC avg
§112
21.3%
-18.7% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 621 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §112
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claims 4-18 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 4 recite the limitation “when the power source is providing a minimum voltage.” It is unclear what operation is required when the condition when the power source is providing a minimum voltage is met. Applicant should cancel of amend the claim. Claim 10 recites “a converter” line 4 and “a converter” in line 19 it is unclear if this is the same or second converter. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-18 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Ciaccio et al. (US 20170253127) With respect to claims 1 and 4-6 Ciaccio teaches a method, comprising: initiating an electric field charging cycle (charging of capacitor, see Fig. 1:110) to charge an electric field storage cell (capacitor 110); determining (for example paragraph 0031) that the electric field storage cell has been charged to at least a threshold state of charge (SoC); electrically coupling the electric field storage cell with an electrochemical storage cell (battery) through a rapid charger (164 provides a controlled voltage level to recharge the battery) to charge (paragraph 0131) the electrochemical storage cell; determining when the electrochemical storage cell has reached a threshold level SoC (see battery SOC threshold for example paragraph 0125, 134); connecting a converter (see DC converter 162) to a load (see load(s) 170); and discharging (for example paragraph 0088) the electrochemical storage cell (battery) to the load (load(s) 170) and monitoring the SoC (paragraph 0090) of the electrochemical storage cell during use. With respect to claims 2 and 11 Ciaccio teaches recharging (via generator 174/175, paragraph 00121-123) the electrochemical storage cell through the rapid charger (164) coupled with the electric field storage cell when the electrochemical storage cell falls below the threshold SoC (paragraph 0068, 0094). With respect to claims 3 and 12 Ciaccio teaches determining temperature (temperature sensors) and voltage balancing (paragraph 0083) of the electrochemical storage cell during use thereof. With respect to claim 7 Ciaccio teaches comprising sourcing voltage and current from either or both of the electric field storage cell and the electrochemical storage cell using a converter until the electric field storage cell and the electrochemical storage cell cooperatively reach a maximum discharge threshold (during vehicle start event, see protection of battery to critical threshold paragraph 0125). With respect to claim 8 Ciaccio teaches providing an adjustable output voltage (by controlling output voltage via DC converter) and a selectable current limiting capability (paragraph 0065) to source voltage and current from both the electric field storage cell and the electrochemical storage cell. With respect to claim 9 Ciaccio teaches initiating a charging cycle for the electric field storage cell (see paragraph 0071-72). With respect to claim 10 Ciaccio teaches a device, comprising: an electric field storage unit comprising an electric field microcontroller (paragraph 0139-141); an electrochemical storage unit comprising an electrochemical storage cell (battery); a rapid charger (164 provides a controlled voltage level to recharge the battery); a converter (see DC converter 162); and a digital energy management controller (see 112/114) that is coupled to the electric field storage unit, the electrochemical storage unit, the rapid charger, and the converter, the digital energy management controller comprising a processor (paragraph 0141) and a memory (paragraph 0142) for storing instructions. As detailed above Ciaccio teaches the instructions or steps as recited above in the rejection of claim 1. With respect to claims 13-14 the claims further limit the optional limitation of a power source. As claim 10 recites the power source merely as an alternate or optional feature. With respect to claim 15 Ciaccio teaches the processor is configured to directly, electrically couple the electric field storage cell with the electrochemical storage cell through a digital energy management controller (see direct connection with the 112: Fig. 1). With respect to claim 16 Ciaccio teaches the processor is configured to source voltage and current from either or both of the electric field storage cell and the electrochemical storage cell using a converter until the electric field storage cell and the electrochemical storage cell cooperatively reach a maximum discharge threshold (during vehicle start event, see protection of battery to critical threshold paragraph 0125). With respect to claim 17 Ciaccio teaches the processor is configured to provide an adjustable (by controlling output voltage via DC converter) output voltage and a selectable current limiting (paragraph 0065) capability to source voltage and current from both the electric field storage cell and the electrochemical storage cell. With respect to claim 18 Ciaccio teaches the processor (see 114 and connection with 112) is configured to determine that the power source (optional limitation) is providing the minimum voltage; and initiate a charging cycle for the electric field storage cell (see paragraph 0071-72). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Michael Fin whose telephone number is (571)272-5921. The examiner can normally be reached Monday-Friday 9am-5:30. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Rexford Barnie can be reached at 571-272-7429. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. MICHAEL FIN Primary Examiner Art Unit 2836 /MICHAEL R. FIN/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2836
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Nov 01, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 26, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §112 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
80%
Grant Probability
94%
With Interview (+14.6%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 621 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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