Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/949,821

HEATER, FIXING APPARATUS, AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Nov 15, 2024
Examiner
GRAINGER, QUANA MASHELLE
Art Unit
2852
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
OA Round
2 (Non-Final)
89%
Grant Probability
Favorable
2-3
OA Rounds
2y 3m
To Grant
85%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 89% — above average
89%
Career Allow Rate
1016 granted / 1146 resolved
+20.7% vs TC avg
Minimal -4% lift
Without
With
+-3.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 3m
Avg Prosecution
28 currently pending
Career history
1174
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.3%
-39.7% vs TC avg
§103
46.9%
+6.9% vs TC avg
§102
43.3%
+3.3% vs TC avg
§112
7.5%
-32.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1146 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Priority Receipt of certified copies of papers required by 37 CFR 1.55 is acknowledged. The certified copy was received on 11/28/2025. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-2 6-8, and 11-15 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by PAN et al. (US 2019/0294088 A1). Regarding claim 1, a heater comprising: a substrate 81; at least one heat generation resistance element 83 that is provided on the substrate 81 and that extends in a longitudinal direction of the substrate 81; a power supply electrode [0072-0073] that is provided on the substrate 83 and that is configured to supply electric current [0072] to the at least one heat generation resistance element 83; an auxiliary layer 84 that is provided to superpose only a partial region of the at least one heat generation resistance element 83 and that has insulation property [0067]; and a protection layer 88 [0071] that is layered on the auxiliary layer 84 and provided to cover a whole region of the at least one heat generation resistance element 83 and that is configured to protect the at least one heat generation resistance element 83; and the at least one heat generation resistance element 83 comprises two heat generation resistance elements 82, 83 (shown in figure 5; [0036]), and wherein the auxiliary layer 84 is provided so as to fill a space between the two heat generation resistance elements 82-83 (figure 4-5, [0036, 0047], [0067-0068]; the insulating layer 84 partially covers a heat generation resistance element 83 shown in figure 5). Regarding claim 2, the protection layer 88 is provided in a region of the substrate 81, the region excluding the power supply electrode [0072-0073]. Regarding claim 6, an end portion of the auxiliary layer 84 and an end portion of the protection layer 88 in a width direction of the heater are provided with a distance as a space between the end portions (figures 4, 6 shows one end). Regarding claim 7, the auxiliary layer is made of glass [0092]. Regarding claim 8, the protection layer includes a plurality of layers (84, 88 are layers that are protective). Regarding claim 11, the heater further comprising a conductive pattern (wires) configured to supply electric current from the power supply electrode to the at least one heat generation resistance element (figures 4, 6; bottom end shows one end of heater). Regarding claim 12, PAN teaches a fixing apparatus comprising: a substrate 81; at least one heat generation resistance element 83 that is provided on the substrate and that extends in a longitudinal direction of the substrate; a power supply electrode that is provided on the substrate and that is configured to supply electric current to the at least one heat generation resistance element 83; an auxiliary layer 84 that is provided to superpose only a partial region of the at least one heat generation resistance element 83 and that has insulation property; and a protection layer that is layered on the auxiliary layer 84 and provided to cover a whole region of the at least one heat generation resistance element 83 and that is configured to protect the at least one heat generation resistance element 83 ; a first rotating body 73 configured to be heated by the heat generation resistance element; and a second rotating body 74 configured to form, together with a fixing film 73, a nip portion, wherein the fixing apparatus 46 is configured to fix a toner image formed on a recording material by heat (figures 3-5, [0036, 0047], [0067-0068]; the insulating layer 84 partially covers a heat generation resistance element 83 shown in figure 5). Regarding claim 13, the first rotating body is a fixing film [0033]. Regarding claim 14, the heater 71 is provided in contact with an inner surface of the fixing film 73, and the nip portion N is formed by the heater 71 and the second rotating body via the fixing film 71 (figure 3). Pan teaches regarding claim 15, an image forming apparatus (figure 1) comprising: an image forming unit configured to form a toner image on a recording material; and a fixing apparatus 46 wherein the fixing apparatus comprises: a substrate; at least one heat generation resistance element that is provided on the substrate 81 and that extends in a longitudinal direction of the substrate; a power supply electrode that is provided on the substrate and that is configured to supply electric current to the at least one heat generation resistance element; an auxiliary layer 84 that is provided to superpose only a partial region of the at least one heat generation resistance element and that has insulation property; and a protection layer 88 that is layered on the auxiliary layer 84 and provided to cover a whole region of the at least one heat generation resistance element and that is configured to protect the at least one heat generation resistance element; a first rotating body 73 configured to be heated by the heat generation resistance element; and a second rotating body 74 configured to form, together with a fixing film 73, a nip portion, wherein the fixing apparatus is configured to fix a toner image formed by the image forming unit (figures 1, 3-5, [0036, 0047], [0067-0068]; the insulating layer 84 partially covers a heat generation resistance element 83 shown in figure 5). Allowable Subject Matter Claims 4-5 and 10 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Claims 16- 28 are allowed. Response to Arguments Applicant's arguments filed 1/15/2026 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. Applicant argues that claim 1 has been amended to include the allowable subject matter previously recited by now-cancelled claim 3. However, claim 3 was rejected in paragraphs [6 and 9] of the previous office action. In addition, claim 5 is also objected to but not included in paragraph 18. The rejection has been updated to remove these typographical errors. Finally, claim 9 and 16 recite a “ratio of … 120%” as discussed in {0095]. Normally, this number would be a decimal (1.2) or fraction, not a percentage. Please review. This action is non-final. Contact Information Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to QUANA GRAINGER whose telephone number is (571)272-2135. The examiner can normally be reached on Monday - Friday, 9-5. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Walter Lindsay can be reached on 571-272-1674. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /QUANA GRAINGER/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2852 QG
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Nov 15, 2024
Application Filed
Oct 31, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102
Jan 15, 2026
Response Filed
Mar 10, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12601997
IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS THAT DETECTS STOPPING POSITION OF ROTOR OF MOTOR
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12595145
SHEET PROPERTY MEASUREMENT DEVICE AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS INCLUDING SHEET PROPERTY MEASUREMENT DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12591193
FIXING DEVICE INCLUDING FIRST AND SECOND HEATING MEMBERS DISPOSED AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS ALONG A TRAVELING DIRECTION OF A RECORDING MATERIAL
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12591190
IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS CONFIGURED TO APPLY A TRANSFER BIAS TO A TRANSFER NIP BASED ON A PLURALITY OF TRANSFER CONDITIONS, IMAGE FORMING METHOD, AND RECORDING MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12591191
SLIDING MEMBERWITH SPACED GROOVES, FIXING DEVICE, AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

2-3
Expected OA Rounds
89%
Grant Probability
85%
With Interview (-3.9%)
2y 3m
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 1146 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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