Prosecution Insights
Last updated: July 17, 2026
Application No. 18/965,786

Autonomous Valet Parking System, and Infrastructure and Vehicle Thereof

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Dec 02, 2024
Priority
May 30, 2024 — RE 10-2024-0070619
Examiner
MCCORMACK, THOMAS S
Art Unit
2686
Tech Center
2600 — Communications
Assignee
Kia Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
80%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
4m
Est. Remaining
84%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 80% — above average
80%
Career Allowance Rate
560 granted / 700 resolved
+18.0% vs TC avg
Minimal +4% lift
Without
With
+3.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Fast prosecutor
2y 0m
Avg Prosecution
18 currently pending
Career history
714
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.2%
-38.8% vs TC avg
§103
87.5%
+47.5% vs TC avg
§102
4.0%
-36.0% vs TC avg
§112
1.0%
-39.0% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 700 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Allowable Subject Matter Claims 2-8, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 17-20 are objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 1 and 15 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Sugano (US Pub No. 2022/0388499), Shafran (US Pub No. 2017/0301149) and Kang (US Pub No. 2021/0009111). Regarding claim 1, Sugano teaches a vehicle comprising: a sensor configured to obtain image data associated with an environment around the vehicle (See [0092]); a controller configured to control at least one function of the vehicle (See [0089]-[0090]); a communication apparatus configured to communicate with a server associated with autonomous valet parking; and a processor configured to: receive, from the server, a movement request message comprising a control command for at least one of: acceleration, brake, or steering; control, based on the control command, the vehicle toward a service space (See [0009], [0038], [0096], and [0108]); Sugano does not teach to identify, based on the image data, a code marker corresponding to service selection information; and control, based on the code marker, an autonomous parking operation of the vehicle to park the vehicle in the service space. Shafran teaches identify, based on the image data, a service selection information; and control a parking operation of the vehicle to park the vehicle in the service space (See [0078] which teaches a parking assignment server using camera data for determining available parking spots near the store that is the user’s desired location.). One of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed would have been motivated to modify Sugano’s to include Shafran’s teachings for greater user convenience. Therefore, the invention as a whole would have been prima facie obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made. Kang teaches a code marker system for automated parking (See [0086] and [0093]-[0094]). One of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed would have been motivated to modify Sugano’s to include Kang’s teachings for greater user convenience. Therefore, the invention as a whole would have been prima facie obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made. Regarding claim 15, Sugano teaches method performed by an apparatus of a vehicle: a sensor configured to obtain image data associated with an environment around the vehicle (See [0092]); a controller configured to control at least one function of the vehicle (See [0089]-[0090]); receiving from the server, a movement request message comprising a control command for at least one of: acceleration, brake, or steering; control, based on the control command, the vehicle toward a service space (See [0009], [0038], [0096], and [0108]); Sugano does not teach maker image information corresponding to the service selection information, identifying, based on the image data associated with an environment around the vehicle, a code marker corresponding to the marker image information; and controlling, based on the code marker, an autonomous parking operation of the vehicle to park the vehicle in the service space. Shafran teaches identifying, based on the image data, a service selection information; and controlling a parking operation of the vehicle to park the vehicle in the service space (See [0078] which teaches a parking assignment server using camera data for determining available parking spots near the store that is the user’s desired location.); and receiving, from a server associated with autonomous valet parking, available service information; and transmitting, to the server, service selection information (See [0027]). Kang teaches a code marker system corresponding to the automated parking information (See [0086] and [0093]-[0094]). Claim 9 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kang (US Pub No. 2021/0009111) and Shafran (US Pub No. 2017/0301149). Regarding claim 9, Kang teaches computing device comprising: data storage configured to store code marker information (See [0093]); a communication apparatus configured to communicate with a vehicle (See [0093] and [0096]); a processor configured to: transmit, to the vehicle, a movement request message comprising a control command for at least one of: acceleration, brake, or steering (See [0095]-[0096]); and a code marker system for automated parking (See [0086] and [0093]-[0094]). Kang does not teach to identify, based on the image data, a service selection information; and control an autonomous parking operation of the vehicle to park the vehicle in the service space. Shafran teaches identify, based on the image data, a service selection information; and control a parking operation of the vehicle to park the vehicle in the service space (See [0078] which teaches a parking assignment server using camera data for determining available parking spots near the store that is the user’s desired location.). One of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed would have been motivated to modify Sugano’s to include Shafran’s teachings for greater user convenience. Therefore, the invention as a whole would have been prima facie obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made. Claims 12 and 16 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kang, Sugano and Shafran as applied to claims above, and further in view of IP et al. (US Pub No. 2022/0203964). Regarding claim 12, Kang teaches the processor is configured to identify the code marker based on stored marker image information (See [0093]). Kang does not teach the image data is captured via a sensor mounted on a side of the vehicle. IP teaches that the image data is captured via a sensor mounted on a side of the vehicle (See Fig. 1 and [0031]). One of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was filed would have been motivated to modify Kang’s to include IP’s teachings to properly enable safe autonomous vehicle functioning in various environments with complete monitoring of all vehicle sides. Therefore, the invention as a whole would have been prima facie obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time the invention was made. Claim 16 is rejected with the same reasoning as claim 12. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to THOMAS S MCCORMACK whose telephone number is (571)272-0841. The examiner can normally be reached Monday - Friday 8:30 AM - 5:00 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Brian Zimmerman can be reached at (571) 272-3059. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /THOMAS S MCCORMACK/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2686
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Prosecution Timeline

Dec 02, 2024
Application Filed
May 27, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
80%
Grant Probability
84%
With Interview (+3.6%)
2y 0m (~4m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 700 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

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