Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 18/999,958

Natural Gas Engines with Fuel Quality Determination

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Dec 23, 2024
Examiner
MANLEY, SHERMAN D
Art Unit
3747
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Inpro/Seal LLC
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
84%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 6m
To Grant
96%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 84% — above average
84%
Career Allow Rate
484 granted / 577 resolved
+13.9% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+12.3%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 6m
Avg Prosecution
30 currently pending
Career history
607
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
4.6%
-35.4% vs TC avg
§103
33.9%
-6.1% vs TC avg
§102
44.6%
+4.6% vs TC avg
§112
14.7%
-25.3% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 577 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION This Non-Final Office action is in response to the claims filed on 12/23/2024, Claims 16-21 are currently pending. Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 16-21 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by O’Neill et al. (US 5,904,131). As to claim 16 O’Neill discloses a system comprising: a mass-flow throttle (56) operatively connected with an internal combustion (60) engine for controlling a mass-flow through an input of the internal combustion engine (column 2 lines 25-35), wherein the mass flow is a mass flow of gaseous fuel or air or a mixture of the air and the gaseous fuel (column 2 lines 20-25); an oxygen sensor (column 4 lines 35-45) positioned in an exhaust manifold (70) associated with the internal combustion engine (60), the exhaust manifold positioned downstream of the mass-flow throttle (56), the oxygen sensor being configured to sense an oxygen content in the gaseous fuel (column 1 lines 35-40); and one or more controllers (80) associated with the internal combustion engine (60) the one or more controller’s being configured to: receive a first data signal relating to a mass flow of the gaseous fuel (column 2 lines 1-10); receive a second data signal relating to a mass flow of the air (column 5 lines 5-30); receive a third data signal relating to the oxygen content in the gaseous fuel (column 2 lines 45-50), determine an actual air-fuel ratio based on the oxygen content in the gaseous fuel (column 12 line 25); determine a target air-fuel ratio for the internal combustion engine (column 5 lines 1-5); calculate an error measure based on a difference between the actual air-fuel ratio and the target air-fuel ratio (column 5 lines 30-45); infer one or more fuel properties based on the error measure and a fuel property database (the property is fuel mass flow, see column 5 lines 45-50) including fuel properties corresponding to respective measures of error (see it listed as an error term in column 5 lines 45-50); and adjust an operating condition of the internal combustion engine based on the one or more fuel properties. (Compensator 132 further refines and limits this error term as a function of Ma and the open loop fuel signal output by operator 120 to provide a closed loop fuel flow signal 136 column 5 lines 45-50). As to claim 17 O’Neill discloses the system of claim 16, wherein the one or more controllers are configured to infer the one or more fuel properties based on the fuel property database interpolating known fuel properties (the fuel flow amount) associated with the error measure in the fuel property database. (Compensator 132 further refines and limits this error term as a function of Ma and the open loop fuel signal output by operator 120 to provide a closed loop fuel flow signal 136 column 5 lines 45-50). As to claim 18 O’Neill discloses the system of claim 16, wherein the one or more controllers comprises an engine control module (ECM) (80) of the internal combustion engine (60). As to claim 19 O’Neill discloses the system of claim 16, wherein the one or more controllers are configured to adjust the operating condition (fuel flow) of the internal combustion engine based on the one or more fuel properties by: determining a target operating condition of the internal combustion engine corresponding to the one or more fuel properties based on the fuel property database; and controlling the operating condition of the internal combustion engine to achieve the target operating condition (target air-fuel ratio). As to claim 20 O’Neill discloses the system of claim 19, wherein determining the target operating condition of the internal combustion engine corresponding to the one or more fuel properties comprises determining a target spark advance corresponding to the one or more fuel properties based on interpolating known fuel properties associated with the one or more fuel properties in the fuel property database (the engine is a spark ignited engine column 2 lines 55-60 it is a running engine therefore the spark advance or timing is already interpolated or else the engine would not run). As to claim 21. (New) The system of claim 19, wherein determining the target operating condition of the internal combustion engine corresponding to the one or more fuel properties comprises determining a load limit corresponding to the one or more fuel properties based on interpolating known fuel properties associated with the one or more fuel properties in the fuel property database. (Engines all operate according to the load limit of the fuel. When the engine is stalling because the fuel amount is not creating enough power the operator will give more throttle increasing the fuel amount and air amount to prevent the stall,) (column 4 lines 10-25 shown the throttles that operate to the load limit of maintaining a engine idle) (column 10 lines 55-60 discloses the throttle controlling the performance of the engine) Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to SHERMAN D MANLEY whose telephone number is (571)270-5539. The examiner can normally be reached M-TH 7-5:30 est. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Phutthiwat Wongwian can be reached at 571-270-5426. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. SHERMAN D. MANLEY Examiner Art Unit 3747 /SHERMAN D MANLEY/Examiner, Art Unit 3747 /LOGAN M KRAFT/Supervisory Patent Examiner, Art Unit 3747
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 23, 2024
Application Filed
Feb 18, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12601316
Method And Device For Diagnosing A Leak In An Evaporation System And In A Tank Ventilation Line Of An Internal Combustion Engine
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12576867
DETERMINATION METHOD FOR DRIVE FORCE TO BE REQUESTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLE, AND APPARATUS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12576857
ROBUST VEHICLE SPEED OVER GROUND ESTIMATION USING WHEEL SPEED SENSORS AND INERTIAL MEASUREMENT UNITS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12570295
FAST FREE-ROLLING OF WHEELS FOR ROBUST VEHICLE SPEED OVER GROUND DETERMINATION
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 10, 2026
Patent 12552453
Method for Operating a Steering Device, Steering Device, Motor Vehicle
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
84%
Grant Probability
96%
With Interview (+12.3%)
2y 6m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 577 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month