Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 19/002,182

ENCODER, DECODER, ENCODING METHOD, AND DECODING METHOD

Non-Final OA §DP
Filed
Dec 26, 2024
Examiner
RAHAMAN, SHAHAN UR
Art Unit
2426
Tech Center
2400 — Computer Networks
Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation of America
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 11m
To Grant
88%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
479 granted / 633 resolved
+17.7% vs TC avg
Moderate +13% lift
Without
With
+12.6%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 11m
Avg Prosecution
51 currently pending
Career history
684
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
4.7%
-35.3% vs TC avg
§103
50.0%
+10.0% vs TC avg
§102
14.7%
-25.3% vs TC avg
§112
15.1%
-24.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 633 resolved cases

Office Action

§DP
DETAILED ACTION The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Following prior arts are considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Benjamin BROSS, et al., "Versatile Video Coding (Draft 9)", Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Document: JVET-R2001-v5, May 2nd, 2020 (hereinafter Bross) US 20150271525 A1 (Hendry) US 20160295211 A1 (Sato, Sato Base-layer/single layer use one profile, when enhancement layer is present it uses another profile {para 122, 126} and the abstract) US 20150195587 A1 (a single access unit (access unit) includes pictures of all the streams.) Double Patenting The nonstatutory double patenting rejection is based on a judicially created doctrine grounded in public policy (a policy reflected in the statute) so as to prevent the unjustified or improper timewise extension of the “right to exclude” granted by a patent and to prevent possible harassment by multiple assignees. A nonstatutory double patenting rejection is appropriate where the claims at issue are not identical, but at least one examined application claim is not patentably distinct from the reference claim(s) because the examined application claim is either anticipated by, or would have been obvious over, the reference claim(s). See, e.g., In re Berg, 140 F.3d 1428, 46 USPQ2d 1226 (Fed. Cir. 1998); In re Goodman, 11 F.3d 1046, 29 USPQ2d 2010 (Fed. Cir. 1993); In re Longi, 759 F.2d 887, 225 USPQ 645 (Fed. Cir. 1985); In re Van Ornum, 686 F.2d 937, 214 USPQ 761 (CCPA 1982); In re Vogel, 422 F.2d 438, 164 USPQ 619 (CCPA 1970); and In re Thorington, 418 F.2d 528, 163 USPQ 644 (CCPA 1969). A timely filed terminal disclaimer in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(c) or 1.321(d) may be used to overcome an actual or provisional rejection based on a nonstatutory double patenting ground provided the reference application or patent either is shown to be commonly owned with this application, or claims an invention made as a result of activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement. A terminal disclaimer must be signed in compliance with 37 CFR 1.321(b). The USPTO internet Web site contains terminal disclaimer forms which may be used. Please visit http://www.uspto.gov/forms/. The filing date of the application will determine what form should be used. A web-based eTerminal Disclaimer may be filled out completely online using web-screens. An eTerminal Disclaimer that meets all requirements is auto-processed and approved immediately upon submission. For more information about eTerminal Disclaimers, refer to http://www.uspto.gov/patents/process/file/efs/guidance/eTD-info-I.jsp. Claims 1-5 are rejected on the ground of nonstatutory double patenting as being unpatentable over claims 1-5 of U.S. Patent No. 12231665. Although the claims at issue are not identical, they are not patentably distinct from each other because the additional element “encodes a plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer” would have been obvious over the limitation “encodes a plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer” of the patented claim. Ap. No. 19002182 US Patent No. 12231665 1. An encoder comprising: circuitry: and memory coupled to the circuitry, wherein in operation, the circuitry: encodes a plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer: adds the plurality of pictures into one access unit in a bitstream: and adds, into the bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one, wherein a total number of the plurality of pictures is at least two, and a total number of the layers is at least two. 2. A decoder comprising: circuitry: and memory coupled to the circuitry, wherein in operation, the circuitry: obtains, from a bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one: obtains a plurality of pictures from one access unit in the bitstream: and decodes the plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer, wherein a total number of the plurality of pictures is at least two, and a total number of the layers is at least two. 3. An encoding method comprising: encoding a plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer: adding the plurality of pictures into one access unit in a bitstream: and adding, into the bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one, wherein a total number of the plurality of pictures is at least two, and a total number of the layers is at least two. 4. A decoding method comprising: obtaining, from a bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one: obtaining a plurality of pictures from one access unit in the bitstream: and decoding the plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer, wherein a total number of the plurality of pictures is at least two, and a total number of the layers is at least two. 5. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a bitstream including computer executable instructions, wherein when the computer executable instructions are executed by a decoder, the decoder performs a decoding method including: obtaining, from the bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one: obtaining a plurality of pictures from one access unit in the bitstream: and decoding the plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer, wherein a total number of the plurality of pictures is at least two, and a total number of the layers is at least two. 1. An encoder comprising: circuitry: and memory coupled to the circuitry, wherein in operation, the circuitry: encodes a plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer: adds the plurality of pictures into one access unit in a bitstream: and adds, into the bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one. 2. A decoder comprising: circuitry: and memory coupled to the circuitry, wherein in operation, the circuitry: obtains, from a bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one: obtains a plurality of pictures from one access unit in the bitstream: and decodes the plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer. 3. An encoding method comprising: encoding a plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer: adding the plurality of pictures into one access unit in a bitstream: and adding, into the bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one. 4. A decoding method comprising: obtaining, from a bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one: obtaining a plurality of pictures from one access unit in the bitstream: and decoding the plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer. 5. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a bitstream including computer executable instructions, wherein when the computer executable instructions are executed by a decoder, the decoder performs a decoding method including: obtaining, from the bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of access units present in the bitstream is one: obtaining a plurality of pictures from one access unit in the bitstream: and decoding the plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer. Allowable Subject Matter Claims 1-5 are allowable over prior art. The following is an examiner’s statement of reasons for allowance: With respect to claim 1: Bross teaches an encoding method comprising: encoding one or more pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer: [(page 3:Definitions 3.1)] : adding the one or more pictures into one access unit in a bitstream: [(page 3: Definitions 3.1)]: and adding, into the bitstream, a first flag indicating that a total number of picture present in the bitstream is one [(page 138: general_one_picture_only_constraint_flag equal to 1 specifies that there is only one coded picture in the bitstream )] . in the same/related field of endeavor, Hendry teaches that total number of pictures corresponds to total number of access unit [(para 175)] Therefore, Bross teaching may be equated to total number of access unit being one. However, the combination would then fail to teach “encoding a plurality of pictures which have common time information and each of which is included in a different layer: adding the plurality of pictures into one access unit in a bitstream” Other claims are similarly allowable. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Mohammed Rahaman whose telephone number is (571)270-1438. The examiner can normally be reached on 8:30am - 5:00pm. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Nasser Goodarzi can be reached at telephone number (571) 272-4195. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is (571) 273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from Patent Center. Status information for published applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Patent Center for authorized users only. Should you have questions about access to Patent Center, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) Form at https://www.uspto.gov/patents/uspto-automated- interview-request-air-form. /SHAHAN UR RAHAMAN/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2426
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 26, 2024
Application Filed
Jan 21, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §DP (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12599294
IMAGE-RECORDING DEVICE FOR IMPROVED LOW LIGHT INTENSITY IMAGING AND ASSOCIATED IMAGE-RECORDING METHOD
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12602765
DEFECT INSPECTION SYSTEM AND DEFECT INSPECTION METHOD
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12598328
VIDEO SIGNAL PROCESSING METHOD AND DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12593035
IMAGE ENCODING/DECODING METHOD AND DEVICE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12586224
THREE-DIMENSIONAL SCANNING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
88%
With Interview (+12.6%)
2y 11m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 633 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month