Prosecution Insights
Last updated: August 06, 2026
Application No. 19/032,209

FIREARM WITH MODULAR FINGER INTERFACE

Final Rejection §102
Filed
Jan 20, 2025
Priority
Jul 29, 2022 — provisional 63/393,453 +7 more
Examiner
TILLMAN, JR, REGINALD S
Art Unit
3641
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Oa Defense LLC
OA Round
2 (Final)
78%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
5m
Est. Remaining
89%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 78% — above average
78%
Career Allowance Rate
1080 granted / 1387 resolved
+25.9% vs TC avg
Moderate +11% lift
Without
With
+11.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Fast prosecutor
1y 11m
Avg Prosecution
32 currently pending
Career history
1415
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.9%
-39.1% vs TC avg
§103
34.3%
-5.7% vs TC avg
§102
36.7%
-3.3% vs TC avg
§112
22.1%
-17.9% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1387 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Objections Claim 6 objected to because of the following informalities: claim 1 has already claimed an accessory. Appropriate correction is required. Claim 10 objected to because of the following informalities: claim 10 should recite “…consisting of…” instead of “…comprises….” See MPEP 2173.05(h). Appropriate correction is required. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, and 12 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Teague et al. (US 2021/0364248), hereinafter (“Teague”). Teague discloses a modular firearm frame comprising: a frame having a length which is straight at a top and wherein the straight length then extends downward to form a grip; wherein the frame comprises a recessed socket face (Fig 2, dovetail groove at 28) located at a position in the straight length of the frame at least partially above a trigger guard location and on at least one side of the frame below a barrel; a removable finger interface (Fig 1, 42) configured to fit within and attach to the recessed socket face wherein the removable finger interface is configured to further comprise an accessory (50); wherein the frame is a frame for a handgun. Claim(s) 1, 10, and 11 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Kirchhoff (US 9,470,480). Kirchhoff (Fig 4A) discloses a modular firearm frame comprising: a frame having a length which is straight at a top and wherein the straight length then extends downward to form a grip; wherein the frame comprises a recessed socket face (18) located at a position in the straight length of the frame at least partially above a trigger guard location and on at least one side of the frame below a barrel; a removable finger interface (Fig 5) configured to fit within and attach to the recessed socket face wherein the removable finger interface is configured to further comprise an accessory (Title); wherein the frame is a frame for a handgun. Claim(s) 1 and 3-5 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Arachequesne (US 2007/0211105). Arachequesne (Fig 3) discloses a modular firearm frame comprising: a frame having a length which is straight at a top and wherein the straight length then extends downward to form a grip; wherein the frame comprises a recessed socket face (Fig 4, 26) located at a position in the straight length of the frame at least partially above a trigger guard location and on at least one side of the frame below a barrel; a removable finger interface (29) configured to fit within and attach to the recessed socket face wherein the removable finger interface is configured to further comprise an accessory (30); wherein the frame is a frame for a handgun. Allowable Subject Matter Claim 8 objected to as being dependent upon a rejected base claim, but would be allowable if rewritten in independent form including all of the limitations of the base claim and any intervening claims. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claim(s) 1-12 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Conclusion THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a). A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to REGINALD S TILLMAN, JR whose telephone number is (571)270-7010. The examiner can normally be reached M-F 830-530. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Troy Chambers can be reached at 571-272-6874. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /REGINALD S TILLMAN, JR/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3641
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jan 20, 2025
Application Filed
Apr 01, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §102
Jul 14, 2026
Response Filed
Jul 24, 2026
Final Rejection mailed — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12698943
TRIGGER ASSEMBLY WITH SAFETY FEATURES
1y 11m to grant Granted Aug 04, 2026
Patent 12693083
BOLT ASSEMBLY FOR FIREARM
1y 2m to grant Granted Jul 28, 2026
Patent 12685341
INHALATION DEVICE AND NON-TRANSITORY COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM
3y 8m to grant Granted Jul 21, 2026
Patent 12680799
PAYLOAD PLATFORM FOR UNMANNED VEHICLES
3y 3m to grant Granted Jul 14, 2026
Patent 12680770
Slide Assembly for a Firearm
1y 7m to grant Granted Jul 14, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
78%
Grant Probability
89%
With Interview (+11.2%)
1y 11m (~5m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Moderate
PTA Risk
Based on 1387 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

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