DETAILED ACTION
Status of Claims
Claims 1-2, 4-7 and 9-22 are pending, wherein claims 1, 6-7, 9-12, 15-16 and 18-20 are amended, claim 13 is withdrawn, and claims 21 and 22 are newly added. Thus, claims 1-2, 4-7, 9-12 and 14-22 are being examined on the merits in this office action.
Remarks
Applicant’s amendments and arguments have been entered. A reply to the Applicant’s remarks/arguments is presented after addressing the claims.
Information Disclosure Statement
The information disclosure statement (IDS) submitted on April 17, 2026 has been considered by the examiner.
Claim Objections
Claims 12 and 14 are objected to because of the following:
In claim 12, the semicolon after “… is A in µm” should be comma.
The sentence at line two of claim 14 should be removed, because it has already been recited in claim 1 upon which claim 14 depends.
Appropriate correction is required.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112
Claims 1-2, 4-7, 9-12 and 14-22 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention.
In claims 1 and 19, conjunctive words, such as “wherein”, “and”, etc. should be properly used in constructing the claim languages between different paragraphs. The scopes of claim 1 and claim 19 are unclear because of missing or improperly using of conjunctive word(s). The claims are indefinite. For example, at least a term “and” should be placed in front of the last paragraph of claims 1 and 19.
In claim 6, the scope of the claim is unclear, because no conjunctive word(s) is/are present between different paragraphs. The scope of the claim is unclear, and the claim is indefinite.
Similarly, in claim 7, conjunctive words, such as “wherein”, “and”, “or”, etc., is/are either missing or not properly placed between different paragraphs, rendering the scope of the claim unclear or ambiguous. The claim is indefinite.
In claim 9, the two paragraphs after “wherein” lack a conjunctive term, rendering the scope of the claim indefinite. For example, the use of “or” or “and” will result in different scopes of the claim.
In claim 18, a conjunctive term appears missing between different paragraphs.
In claim 20, the two sentences after “wherein” lack a conjunctive term, rendering the scope of the claim indefinite. For example, the use of “or” or “and” will result in different scopes of the claim.
In claim 21, the two paragraphs lack a conjunctive term, rendering the scope of the claim indefinite. For example, the use of “or” or “and” will result in different scopes of the claim.
In claim 22, the five paragraphs lack a conjunctive term, rendering the scope of the claim indefinite. For example, the use of “or” or “and” will result in different scopes of the claim.
Response to Arguments
Applicant's arguments filed April 16, 2026 have been fully considered. Applicant's arguments are based on the claims as amended. For example, Applicant argues that neither Choi nor Yu teaches the claimed three “a number proportion(s)” in claim 1. However, as addressed in the 112 rejection of claim 1 above, the scope of the claim is unclear. Once the 112 rejections presented above are overcome, the claimed subject matters may be allowable upon further consideration or/and search.
Conclusion
THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL. Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a).
A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action. In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any nonprovisional extension fee (37 CFR 1.17(a)) pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action. In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the mailing date of this final action.
Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ZHONGQING WEI whose telephone number is (571)272-4809. The examiner can normally be reached Mon - Fri 9:30 - 6:00.
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/ZHONGQING WEI/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1727
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