Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 19/058,469

POWER INTERFACE TO AN INVERTER SUBSYSTEM

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Feb 20, 2025
Examiner
PHAM, DUC M
Art Unit
2849
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
Lunar Energy Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
89%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 5m
To Grant
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 89% — above average
89%
Career Allow Rate
555 granted / 626 resolved
+20.7% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+12.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 5m
Avg Prosecution
35 currently pending
Career history
661
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.4%
-39.6% vs TC avg
§103
50.5%
+10.5% vs TC avg
§102
38.0%
-2.0% vs TC avg
§112
2.5%
-37.5% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 626 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . DETAILED ACTION This office action is a response to an application filed on 02/20/2025 in which claims 1-14 are pending and ready for examination. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1, 3-6, 8 and 10-13 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) as being anticipated by Quan et al (hereinafter Quan) (US 2023/0006568 A1). As to claims 1 and 8, Quan discloses a system, comprising: a breaker interface to a breaker panel (Fig 22A, 1935) having a plurality of breakers (Fig 22A, 1936); a direct current (DC) bus (Fig 22A, 2202a, 2202b) that has a variable voltage; a bidirectional DC terminal (Fig 22A, DC terminal side, parag [0156]), wherein: the bidirectional DC terminal is connected, at least electrically, to the DC bus via a first interface of the bidirectional DC terminal (see Fig 22A, connection between DC terminal and DC bus 2202a, 2202b); and an electric vehicle (EV) charger (Fig 22A, 2250) is able to be connected, at least electrically, to the bidirectional DC terminal via a second interface of the bidirectional DC terminal; and a power storage interface that connects to one or more power storage modules (Fig 22A, 2260), wherein in the event the EV charger (Fig 22A, 2250) is connected to the bidirectional DC terminal (Fig 22A, DC terminal side) via the second interface, the EV charger is able to be powered at least some of the time by the one or more power storage modules, (1) even in the event all of the plurality of breakers in the breaker panel are in use (see Fig 22A, when all the breakers 1936 are closed, the EV charger 2250 will receive power from DC bus) and (2) even in the event a first load associated with the EV charger and a second load associated with all of the plurality of breakers in the breaker panel would, if combined, exceed a limit associated with the breaker panel (see Fig 22A, parags [0155-0157], since the RES 2260 connected directly with DC bus, it will provide power to the EV charger 2250 regardless of the status of breakers). As to claims 3 and 10, Quan discloses the system recited in claim 1, wherein: the EV charger (Fig 22A, 2250) is coupled to an electric vehicle (Fig 22A, 2004) which in turn includes an EV battery; and the system further includes a controller (Fig 21, 2102) that determines whether to draw power from the EV battery, via the second interface of the bidirectional DC terminal, based at least in part on one or more of the following: a setting associated with a minimum amount of time for grid power to be out for power to be drawn from the EV battery (see parag [0156]), or a setting associated with a minimum amount of power stored by the one or more power storage modules for power to be drawn from the EV battery. As to claims 4 and 11, Quan discloses the system recited in claim 1, wherein: the EV charger (Fig 22A, 2250) is coupled to an electric vehicle (Fig 22A, 2004) which in turn includes an EV battery; and the system further includes a controller (Fig 21, 2102) that determines a target load to provide power, drawn from the EV battery via the second interface of the bidirectional DC terminal, to based at least in part on a setting that specifies the target load (see parag [0156], batteries of the EV may be used to power a home). As to claims 5 and 12, Quan discloses the system recited in claim 1, wherein: the EV charger (Fig 22A, 2250) is coupled to an electric vehicle (Fig 22A, 2004) which in turn includes an EV battery; and the system further includes a controller (Fig 21, 2102) that: determines whether to draw power from the EV battery, via the second interface of the bidirectional DC terminal; and in the event it is determined to draw power from the EV battery, via the second interface of the bidirectional DC terminal, configures a component associated with one or more of the following, if needed: drawing power from the EV battery, via the second interface of the bidirectional DC terminal, or providing power to a target load (see parag [0156], batteries of the EV may be used to power a home). As to claims 6 and 13, Quan discloses the system recited in claim 5, wherein configuring the component associated with drawing power from the EV battery, via the second interface of the bidirectional DC terminal, includes: turning off another power source that is supplying power to EV battery load via the bidirectional DC terminal before drawing power from the EV battery (see parag [0087]). Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claim(s) 2 and 9 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Quan et al (hereinafter Quan) (US 2023/0006568 A1) in view of Carroll (US 11,283,131 B1). As to claims 2 and 9, Quan does not disclose the system recited in claim 1, wherein there is a configurable number of the one or more power storage modules. However, Carroll discloses wherein there is a configurable number of the one or more power storage modules (see col 12, lines 29-33). It would have been obvious to one skilled in the art before the effective filing date of the invention to modify the system of Quan to include the teachings as taught by Carroll in order to increase the storage capacity of the system. Claim(s) 7 and 14 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Quan et al (hereinafter Quan) (US 2023/0006568 A1) in view of Ballantine et al (hereinafter Ballantine) (US 2012/0326504 A1). As to claims 7 and 14, Quan does not disclose the system recited in claim 5, wherein configuring the component associated with providing power to the target load includes configuring a switch associated with selecting a power source for the target load so that the EV battery is selected instead of another power source. However, Ballantine discloses a switch (Fig 6E, 702, parag [0072]) associated with selecting a power source for the target load so that the EV battery is selected instead of another power source. It would have been obvious to one skilled in the art before the effective filing date of the invention to modify the system of Quan to include the switch as taught by Ballantine in order to control power provided from the EV battery. Conclusion The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. WO 2020/204931 A1; US 2020/0070672 A1. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DUC M PHAM whose telephone number is (571)272-5026. The examiner can normally be reached 10:00 am - 6:00 pm, Monday to Friday. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Youssef, Menna can be reached at 571-270-3684. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /DUC M PHAM/Examiner, Art Unit 2849 March 10, 2026 /RYAN JOHNSON/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2849
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Feb 20, 2025
Application Filed
Mar 10, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

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BACKUP APPARATUS AND POWER CONVERTER
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Patent 12583328
PRECHARGE APPARATUS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12580409
OPERATION METHOD, OPERATION DEVICE, AND OPERATION SYSTEM OF BATTERY, AND NON-TRANSITORY STORAGE MEDIUM
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12556030
Timing Determination for UPS Power Transfer
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 17, 2026
Patent 12549027
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT AND METHOD, AND VEHICLE EMPLOYING CIRCUIT
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 10, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
89%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+12.4%)
2y 5m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 626 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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