Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 19/079,820

IMAGE-GUIDED ROBOTIC SYSTEM WITH REMOTE GUIDANCE, IMAGE STEERING, MULTI-PLANE IMAGING, NEEDLE VISUALIZATION ENHANCEMENT, AND CONSTRAINED BACKDRIVING

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Mar 14, 2025
Examiner
BRUTUS, JOEL F
Art Unit
3797
Tech Center
3700 — Mechanical Engineering & Manufacturing
Assignee
Mendaera Inc.
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
72%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
3y 7m
To Grant
90%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 72% — above average
72%
Career Allow Rate
922 granted / 1276 resolved
+2.3% vs TC avg
Strong +18% interview lift
Without
With
+18.0%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 7m
Avg Prosecution
48 currently pending
Career history
1324
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
5.9%
-34.1% vs TC avg
§103
47.7%
+7.7% vs TC avg
§102
14.9%
-25.1% vs TC avg
§112
23.6%
-16.4% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 1276 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim(s) 1-18 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)91) as being anticipated by Overmyer et al (Pub. No.: US 2020/0188046) Regarding claim 1, Overmyer et al disclose a system comprising: a robotic system comprising: a robotic arm, wherein the robotic arm includes a robotic manipulator and an instrument guide (tool driver 308) couple to the robotic manipulator [see fig 1, 0032, 0039] by disclosing Each robotic arm 106 may include and otherwise provide a tool driver where one or more surgical instruments or tools 108 may be mounted for performing various surgical tasks on a patient 110 [see 0032]; a medical imaging device (image capture device 310) [see 0040, 0059] by disclosing an image capture device 310, such as an endoscope, which may include, for example, a laparoscope, an arthroscope, a hysteroscope, or may alternatively include some other imaging modality, such as ultrasound [see 0040]; a system user interface (visual display 206), wherein the system user interface displays a plurality of medical images and robotic system controls [see 0036, 0059] by disclosing an image capture device, such as the image capture device 310 (partially shown), may be arranged to capture images of the surgical site 618 and transmit such images to the computer system 208, which conveys the images to the visual display 206 (FIG. 2) for viewing by the operator (e.g., a surgeon) [see 0059]; a remote user interface provided to at least one remote user [see 0034, 0079], wherein the remote user interface includes at least one of: at least one element (input control or switch, emphasis added) of the system user interface [see 0034, 0079-0080, 0157] by disclosing the operator may transition the system (e.g., the system 100 of FIG. 1) between manual mode 1002, semi-automatic mode 1004, and automatic mode 1006 [see 0079]; and at least one image from the medical imaging device [see 0040, 0045]; two-way communication capabilities between the at least one remote user and a robot operator, wherein the two-way communication capabilities include at least one of: an audio communication [see 0157] and a video communication [see 0157]. Regarding claim 2, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the robotic system facilitates percutaneous medical interventions (minimally invasive surgical procedures) [see 0030]. Regarding claim 3, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the medical imaging device is an ultrasound probe [see 0040, 0045]. Regarding claim 4, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the at least one remote user interacts with elements of the system user interface remotely [see 0034, 0157]. Regarding claim 5, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the remote user is provided a portal with robotic system telemetry data [see 0148]. Regarding claim 6, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the remote user modifies a robotic system software [see 0104] by disclosing using conventional CAD modeling software to alter the graphically replicated “Scope” view to a desired “custom” vantage point [see 0104]. Regarding claim 7, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the remote user interface is a duplicate (the remote clinician and the local can use the same interface) of the system user interface [see 0034] by disclosing the clinicians 112a,b may be able to remotely control the robotic arms 106 via the communications link 114, thus enabling the clinicians 112a,b to operate on the patient 110 from remote locations [see 0034]. Regarding claim 8, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the at least one remote user utilizes telestration to provide guidance to the robot operator [see 0148]. Regarding claim 9, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the system user interface utilizes a graphical overlay [see claim 19, 0148, 0166]. Regarding claim 10, Overmyer et al disclose a non-transitory computer readable storage media comprising instructions, the instructions executable by a processor to perform a method [see 0153], the method comprising: receiving, from an imaging device couple to a robotic manipulator, a plurality of medical images [see 0030, 0040] (image capture device 310) [see 0040, 0036, 0059] by disclosing an image capture device, such as the image capture device 310 (partially shown), may be arranged to capture images of the surgical site 618 and transmit such images to the computer system 208, which conveys the images to the visual display 206 (FIG. 2) for viewing by the operator (e.g., a surgeon) [see 0059]; displaying the received plurality of medical images and robotic system controls on a system user interface (display 206) [see 0030, 0059]; displaying on a remote user interface [see 0034, 0079] at least one of: at least one element of the system user interface [see 0034, 0079-0080, 0157] by disclosing the operator may transition the system (e.g., the system 100 of FIG. 1) between manual mode 1002, semi-automatic mode 1004, and automatic mode 1006 [see 0079]; at least one image from the medical imaging device; wherein the remote user interface is provided to at least one remote user [see 0034, 0079]; enabling two-way communication capabilities between the at least one remote user and a robot operator, wherein the two-way communication capabilities include at least one of: an audio communication [see 0157] and a video communication [see 0157]. Regarding claim 11, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the robotic system facilitates percutaneous medical interventions (minimally invasive surgical procedures) [see 0030]. Regarding claim 12, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the medical imaging device is an ultrasound probe [see 0040, 0045]. Regarding claim 13, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the at least one remote user interacts with elements of the system user interface remotely [see 0034, 0157]. Regarding claim 14, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the remote user is provided a portal with robotic system telemetry data [see 0148]. Regarding claim 15, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the remote user modifies a robotic system software [see 0104] by disclosing using conventional CAD modeling software to alter the graphically replicated “Scope” view to a desired “custom” vantage point [see 0104]. Regarding claim 16, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the remote user interface is a duplicate (the remote clinician and the local can use the same interface) of the system user interface [see 0034] by disclosing the clinicians 112a,b may be able to remotely control the robotic arms 106 via the communications link 114, thus enabling the clinicians 112a,b to operate on the patient 110 from remote locations [see 0034]. Regarding claim 17, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the at least one remote user utilizes telestration to provide guidance to the robot operator [see 0148]. Regarding claim 18, Overmyer et al disclose wherein the system user interface utilizes a graphical overlay [see claim 19, 0148, 0166]. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to JOEL F BRUTUS whose telephone number is (571)270-3847. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Sat, 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Pascal Bui-Pho can be reached at 571-272-2714. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /JOEL F BRUTUS/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3798
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Mar 14, 2025
Application Filed
Jan 04, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §102 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12599299
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MULTIMODAL SOFT TISSUE DIAGNOSTICS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12594131
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR NAVIGATION
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12594124
MEDICAL SYSTEMS AND RELATED METHODS
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 07, 2026
Patent 12586191
IMAGE PROCESSING APPARATUS, MEDICAL IMAGE DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS, AND BLOOD PRESSURE MONITOR
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 24, 2026
Patent 12579496
INTRAOPERATIVE VIDEO REVIEW
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
72%
Grant Probability
90%
With Interview (+18.0%)
3y 7m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 1276 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month