Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 19/189,553

WORKING VEHICLE

Non-Final OA §102§103
Filed
Apr 25, 2025
Examiner
ELAHMADI, ZAKARIA
Art Unit
3618
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Kubota Corporation
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
76%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
2y 9m
To Grant
88%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 76% — above average
76%
Career Allow Rate
580 granted / 761 resolved
+24.2% vs TC avg
Moderate +12% lift
Without
With
+11.9%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
2y 9m
Avg Prosecution
49 currently pending
Career history
810
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
0.3%
-39.7% vs TC avg
§103
51.8%
+11.8% vs TC avg
§102
35.4%
-4.6% vs TC avg
§112
11.8%
-28.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 761 resolved cases

Office Action

§102 §103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1-4, 6-are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102 (a)(1) as being anticipated by Kishiya JP 2001171385. Regarding claim 1: Kishiya shows a working vehicle comprising: a shift operation tool (13) to perform a shift operation; a switching mechanism (33+34+35) to switch between a stepped shift operation state in which the shift operation tool (13) is shiftable stepwise and a continuously variable shift operation state in which the shift operation tool (13) is shiftable steplessly (see translation “…The high-speed range portion RH of the reverse operation range R is formed as a stepless speed change range in which the shift lever 13 is held at the stepped operation position and the continuously variable transmission 10 is held at the stepped speed state…”); and a switching operation tool ( element 30, or same as lever 13) to perform an operation of switching a state of the switching mechanism. Note: in light of the specification, paragraph [0137] refers to both “shift operation tool” and “switching operation tool” as “main shift lever (20)”, however in alternative embodiment paragraph [0185] defines the switching operation tool (340) as rectangular plate shape different from the shift operation shaft. Claim 1 is interpreted based on both alternative definitions of “the switching operation tool” mentioned in the specification. Regarding claim 2: Kishiya shows wherein the switching mechanism includes: an engaged portion (33) provided in a vehicle body and including a plurality of recesses (35) corresponding to shift positions of the shift operation tool (13); and an engaging portion (34) movable relative to the shift operation tool (13); and the switching operation tool (13) is configured to switch the engaging portion between a position where the engaging portion (34) is engageable with the recesses (35, see fig 2) and a position where the engaging portion is not engageable with the recesses ( see translation “…when performing a shifting operation in the operation area portions FL and RL where the positioning recesses 35 and 36 of the locking type position holding means 30 do not have the positioning recesses 35 and 36, the locking body 34 moves quietly...”). Regarding claim 3: Kishiya shows wherein the switching mechanism includes a biasing portion (37) to constantly bias the engaging portion (34) toward the engaged portion (33). Regarding claim 4: Kishiya shows wherein the switching mechanism includes a link mechanism (41) to interlockingly couple the switching operation tool (13) and the engaging portion (34). Regarding claim 6: Kishiya shows wherein the switching mechanism includes: a first contact portion (33) provided in the vehicle body; and a second contact portion (36) provided in the shift operation tool (13) to regulate an operation of the shift operation tool at any shift position (13) by a frictional force between the shift operation tool (13) and the first contact portion. Regarding claims 7-11: Kishiya shows wherein the engaged portion (33) and the first contact portion are defined by a common structure. Regarding claim 12: Kishiya shows wherein the switching operation tool includes a grip portion (13f) of the shift operation tool (13), and is switchable between the stepped shift operation state and the continuously variable shift operation state by rotating the grip portion (see translation “…The high-speed range portion RH of the reverse operation range R is formed as a stepless speed change range in which the shift lever 13 is held at the stepped operation position and the continuously variable transmission 10 is held at the stepped speed state…”). Regarding claim 13: Kishiya shows wherein the switching operation tool (13) includes a grip portion (13f) of the shift operation tool (13), and is switchable between the stepped shift operation state and the continuously variable shift operation state by rotating the grip portion (see translation “…The high-speed range portion RH of the reverse operation range R is formed as a stepless speed change range in which the shift lever 13 is held at the stepped operation position and the continuously variable transmission 10 is held at the stepped speed state…”). Regarding claim 14: Kishiya shows wherein the switching operation tool (13) includes a grip portion (13f, see fig 2) of the shift operation tool (13), and is switchable between the stepped shift operation state and the continuously variable shift operation state by rotating the grip portion (see translation “…The high-speed range portion RH of the reverse operation range R is formed as a stepless speed change range in which the shift lever 13 is held at the stepped operation position and the continuously variable transmission 10 is held at the stepped speed state…”). Regarding claim 15: Kishiya shows wherein the switching operation tool includes a grip portion (see fig 2) of the shift operation tool (13), and is switchable between the stepped shift operation state and the continuously variable shift operation state by rotating the grip portion. Regarding claims 16-19: Kishiya shows wherein the switching operation tool (30) and the shift operation tool (13) are defined by different structures. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 5 and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Kishiya [JP 2001171385] in view of Matsuoka [JP 2019011784]. Regarding claim 5: Kishiya does not explicitly show wherein the switching mechanism includes a wire mechanism to interlockingly couple the switching operation tool and the engaging portion using a wire. However, Matsuoka teaches wherein the switching mechanism includes a wire mechanism to interlockingly couple the switching operation tool and the engaging portion using a wire (see translation “…the shift lever functions as a kind of switch for instructing a shift, that is, a shift-by-wire command that does not act mechanically on the hydraulic circuit of the automatic transmission. Yes. Therefore, the shift lever operated by the driver is extremely small, and accordingly, the gate panel 10 is also small. The downsized gate panel 10 (that is, shift lever) can be disposed at an appropriate position such as an instrument panel that can be operated by the driver…”). It would have been obvious to someone having ordinary skill in the art at the time of the effective filling date to have used a wire mechanism rather thank mechanical linkages, which allow more precise and smoother gear transitions, enhancing driving comfort. Regarding claim 20: Kiyisha shows wherein the switching operation tool (30) and the shift operation tool (13) are defined by different structures. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to ZAKARIA ELAHMADI whose telephone number is (571)270-5324. The examiner can normally be reached on M-F 10-6 EST. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Minnah Seoh can be reached on 571-270-7778. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /ZAKARIA ELAHMADI/ Examiner, Art Unit 3618
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Apr 25, 2025
Application Filed
Dec 22, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102, §103 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12600191
An Off-road Vehicle and Suspension for Such Vehicle
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12602064
ROBOT
2y 5m to grant Granted Apr 14, 2026
Patent 12577087
OPERATOR CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A MATERIALS HANDLING VEHICLE
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12578007
LINEAR DRIVE APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING A ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT INTO A LINEAR MOVEMENT AND MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY APPARATUS
2y 5m to grant Granted Mar 17, 2026
Patent 12560227
BALL SCREW DRIVE
2y 5m to grant Granted Feb 24, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

AI Strategy Recommendation

Get an AI-powered prosecution strategy using examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Powered by AI — typically takes 5-10 seconds

Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
76%
Grant Probability
88%
With Interview (+11.9%)
2y 9m
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 761 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month