Prosecution Insights
Last updated: July 17, 2026
Application No. 19/251,040

SYNTHESIS OF DNA MOLECULES IN IN VITRO ENZYMATIC SYSTEMS

Non-Final OA §112
Filed
Jun 26, 2025
Priority
Oct 25, 2022 — provisional 63/419,037 +1 more
Examiner
GREENE, CAROLYN LEE
Art Unit
1681
Tech Center
1600 — Biotechnology & Organic Chemistry
Assignee
The Florida International University Board of Trustees
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
65%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
2y 3m
Est. Remaining
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 65% — above average
65%
Career Allowance Rate
133 granted / 204 resolved
+5.2% vs TC avg
Strong +49% interview lift
Without
With
+49.4%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 3m
Avg Prosecution
33 currently pending
Career history
256
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
1.9%
-38.1% vs TC avg
§103
56.0%
+16.0% vs TC avg
§102
2.2%
-37.8% vs TC avg
§112
31.2%
-8.8% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 204 resolved cases

Office Action

§112
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Status of the Application The Amendment filed April 28, 2026, and the Request for Continued Examination filed May 8, 2026, are each acknowledged. Claims 1-19 were pending. Claims 1-2, 4-12 and 14-19 are being examined on the merits. Claims 3 and 13 are canceled. Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant's submission filed on April 28, 2026 has been entered. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments filed April 28, 2026 have been fully considered. All of the previously made rejections are WITHDRAWN in view of Applicant’s arguments and claim amendments. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 112 The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112(b): (b) CONCLUSION.—The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor regards as the invention. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph: The specification shall conclude with one or more claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which the applicant regards as his invention. Claim 7 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA ), second paragraph, as being indefinite for failing to particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter which the inventor or a joint inventor (or for applications subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, the applicant), regards as the invention. Claim 7 recites the limitation “the endonuclease being BamHI”, the meaning of which is unclear as to some embodiments of claim 1. That is, claim 1, from which claim 7 depends, recites the following three embodiments of templates with digestion sites: (i) “template comprising digestion site[] of Nt.BbvCI”; (ii) “template comprising digestion site[] of … BamHI”; and (iii) “template comprising digestion site[] of Nt.BbvCI and BamHI”. For embodiments (ii) and (iii), a BamHI endonuclease would clearly be required for the linearization step. However, for embodiment (i), it isn’t clear why a BamHI endonuclease would be required, or in what step of the method it would participate. Since the ordinary artisan would not be able to determine the metes and bounds, it is indefinite. This rejection could be obviated by amending claim 7 to read “… the endonuclease being BamHI, when at least one BamHI digestion site is present in the nicked circular DNA template.”, or something equivalent. Allowable Subject Matter The claims are free of the art for the reasons already of record, at least, in the Final Office Action mailed February 24, 2026. Claims 1-2, 4-6, 8-12 and 14-19 are allowed. Claim 7 is free of the art, but stands rejected under 35 USC § 112(b). Conclusion Claims 1-2, 4-12 and 14-19 are being examined on the merits. Claims 1-2, 4-6, 8-12 and 14-19 are allowed. Claim 7 is rejected. Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to CAROLYN GREENE whose telephone number is (571)272-3240. The examiner can normally be reached M-Th 7:30-5:30 EST. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Gary Benzion can be reached at 571-272-0782. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /CAROLYN L GREENE/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 1681
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Jun 26, 2025
Application Filed
Oct 22, 2025
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §112
Jan 13, 2026
Response Filed
Feb 24, 2026
Final Rejection mailed — §112
Apr 21, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
May 08, 2026
Request for Continued Examination
May 11, 2026
Response after Non-Final Action
Jul 01, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §112 (current)

Precedent Cases

Applications granted by this same examiner with similar technology

Patent 12637712
Fragmentation of DNA
3y 1m to grant Granted May 26, 2026
Patent 12630859
METHOD FOR TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF SINGLE CELLS
7y 6m to grant Granted May 19, 2026
Patent 12618113
GENETIC TEST KIT FOR DETECTING THALASSEMIA
2y 4m to grant Granted May 05, 2026
Patent 12612614
STABILIZATION OF RNA
7y 7m to grant Granted Apr 28, 2026
Patent 12590327
COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING ASSAYS
5y 5m to grant Granted Mar 31, 2026
Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

Strategy Recommendation AI-generated — please review before filing

Get a prosecution strategy drawn from examiner precedents, rejection analysis, and claim mapping.
Typically takes 5-10 seconds — AI-generated, attorney review required before filing

Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
65%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+49.4%)
3y 3m (~2y 3m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 204 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

Sign in with your work email

Enter your email to receive a magic link. No password needed.

Personal email addresses (Gmail, Yahoo, etc.) are not accepted.

Free tier: 3 strategy analyses per month