Prosecution Insights
Last updated: October 02, 2026
Application No. 19/331,592

STEERING CONTROL FOR TRAILING UNITS OF VEHICLE COMBINATIONS

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Sep 17, 2025
Priority
Sep 20, 2024 — SE 2450942-4
Examiner
SOOFI, YAZAN A
Art Unit
3668
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
Volvo Group
OA Round
1 (Non-Final)
89%
Grant Probability
Favorable
1-2
OA Rounds
11m
Est. Remaining
99%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 89% — above average
89%
Career Allowance Rate
742 granted / 833 resolved
+37.1% vs TC avg
Moderate +11% lift
Without
With
+11.2%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Fast prosecutor
2y 0m
Avg Prosecution
8 currently pending
Career history
847
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
17.6%
-22.4% vs TC avg
§103
32.3%
-7.7% vs TC avg
§102
39.1%
-0.9% vs TC avg
§112
8.9%
-31.1% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 833 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA Status of Claims Claims 1-20 of U.S. Application No. 19/331592 filed on 09/17/2025 have been examined. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claim 1-20 rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by Cebon et al. [US 2011/0202238 A1], hereinafter referred to as Cebon. As to Claim 1, 13 and 20, Yang discloses a computer system for determining steering angles for steered axles of a trailing unit of a vehicle combination, the computer system comprising processing circuitry ([see at least Fig.1 and 0021]) configured to: express a cost, Pslip,y , associated with lateral slip losses of the trailing unit as a function of a first steering angle, Ꟙfront, of a frontmost axle of the trailing unit and a second steering angle, of a rearmost axle of the trailing unit; and determine a value for the first steering angle, Ꟙfront, and a value for the second steering angle, Ꟙrear, such that the cost, Pslip,y, is below a threshold ([see at least 0033, 0048, 0053, 0085, 0113 and 0115]), wherein the first steering the second steering enable the trailing unit to travel a curve of a given turning radius ([see at least 0035, 0040, 0082, 0091, 0103 and 0115]). As to Claim 2 and 14, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the cost, Pslip,y, comprises a cost associated with a swept path of the trailing unit, Pswept, as a function of the steering angles, Ꟙfront, Ꟙrear, for the steered axles of the trailing unit ([see at least 0035-0040, 0082, 0091, 0103 and 0115]). As to Claim 3 and 15, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the cost, Pslip,y, comprises a cost associated with a power loss,Ppower, of the trailing unit as a function of the steering angles, Ꟙfront, Ꟙrear, for the steered axles of the trailing unit ([see at least 0022, 0035-0040, 0056, 0064, 0103 and 0115]). As to Claim 4 and 16, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the cost, Pslip,y, comprises a cost associated with tyre wear, Ptyre, of the trailing unit as a function of the steering angles, Ꟙfront, Ꟙrear, for the steered axles of the trailing unit ([see at least 0085 and 0115]). As to Claim 5 and 17, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to express the cost, Pslip,y, associated with lateral slip losses as a function of a steering angle, Ꟙinter, of at least one intermediate axle of the trailing unit and determine a value for the steering angle, Ꟙinter of the at least one intermediate axle such that the cost, Pslip,y, is below the threshold, wherein the at least one intermediate axle is located between the frontmost and the rearmost axle ([see at least 0033, 0048, 0053, 0085, 0113 and 0115]). As to Claim 6 and 18, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the value for the first steering is in an opposite direction to the value for the second steering angle, Ꟙrear, relative to longitudinal axis of the vehicle combination ([see at least 0033, 0048, 0053, 0085, 0113 and 0115]). As to Claim 7, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to express the cost, Pslip,y, as a function of vehicle speed ([see at least 0035, 0072, 0085 and 0115]). As to Claim 8, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to model the values for the steering angles using a vehicle model ([see at least 0041, 0064 and 0114]). As to Claim 9, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the values for the steering angles using a model predictive controller ([see at least 0041, 0064 and 0114]). As to Claim 10, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the model predictive controller has a control strategy based on capabilities and constraints for the vehicle combination ([see at least 0041, 0064 and 0114]). As to Claim 11, Yang discloses computer system, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to provide the determined steering angle values to a control system configured to determine one or more control inputs for the vehicle combination ([see at least 0041, 0064 and 0114]). As to Claim 12 and 19, Yang discloses a vehicle combination comprising the computer system of claim 1([see at least Fig.1 and 0021]). Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to YAZAN A SOOFI whose telephone number is (469)295-9189. The examiner can normally be reached on Flex schedule. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Fadey Jabr can be reached on 572-272-1516. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system. Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR. Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only. For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /YAZAN A SOOFI/Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3668
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Sep 17, 2025
Application Filed
Aug 26, 2026
Non-Final Rejection mailed — §102
Sep 29, 2026
Interview Requested

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

1-2
Expected OA Rounds
89%
Grant Probability
99%
With Interview (+11.2%)
2y 0m (~11m remaining)
Median Time to Grant
Low
PTA Risk
Based on 833 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allowance rate.

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