Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/284,012

Method and Control Unit for Adapting an at Least Partially Autonomous Vehicle to a User

Non-Final OA §103
Filed
Apr 09, 2021
Examiner
MUSTAFA, IMRAN K
Art Unit
3668
Tech Center
3600 — Transportation & Electronic Commerce
Assignee
BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
OA Round
7 (Non-Final)
60%
Grant Probability
Moderate
7-8
OA Rounds
3y 8m
To Grant
77%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 60% of resolved cases
60%
Career Allow Rate
459 granted / 761 resolved
+8.3% vs TC avg
Strong +16% interview lift
Without
With
+16.5%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 8m
Avg Prosecution
38 currently pending
Career history
799
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§101
9.2%
-30.8% vs TC avg
§103
61.8%
+21.8% vs TC avg
§102
19.1%
-20.9% vs TC avg
§112
9.4%
-30.6% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 761 resolved cases

Office Action

§103
DETAILED ACTION Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 A request for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, including the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e), was filed in this application after final rejection. Since this application is eligible for continued examination under 37 CFR 1.114, and the fee set forth in 37 CFR 1.17(e) has been timely paid, the finality of the previous Office action has been withdrawn pursuant to 37 CFR 1.114. Applicant's submission filed on 10/21/2025 has been entered. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action: A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. Claims 21-22, 24, 30,33, 35 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Schulz (US 2019/0210614) in view of Gohlke (US 2021/0039663) As to claim 21 Schulz discloses an apparatus comprising: a control unit for a vehicle that is equipped to cause automatic interventions in the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle wherein the control unit is configured to: determine reaction information relating to a reaction of a user of the vehicle to at least one automatic intervention of the vehicle(Abstract “detecting a driver intervention in a driving behavior of the vehicle due to an intervention of at least one actuator triggered by the driver assistance system”); wherein the vehicle comprises one or more control means which enable the user to exert an effect on the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle by operating the one or more control means (Paragraph 42 “At time t=0 s, the intervention into the transverse dynamics of the vehicle caused by the driver assistance system begins, whereby the vehicle is erroneously braked on one side so that at time t−0.4 s it begins to rotate. After approx. 0.55 s, the driver recognizes the movement of the vehicle and begins to steer counter to the rotation or to counteract the intervention”); the control unit is configured to detect an operation of the one or more control means, via which a change is caused that pertains to an effect of an automatic intervention of the vehicle on the vehicle (Paragraph 42 “The present invention provides for the system to detect the driver's wish, to interpret it and thereby to start to abort the system intervention in a defined manner in that it withdraws the system intervention in a defined manner or switches it off slowly. For this purpose, there may be a provision to withdraw the brake pressure in a defined manner so that the driver is able to adjust to the change of the vehicle behavior and so that no overshooting value results in the compensation reaction and that the driver in the end remains in his own lane.”); and the reaction information indicates the change in the effect on the vehicle caused by the operation of the control means (Paragraph 42 “The present invention provides for the system to detect the driver's wish, to interpret it and thereby to start to abort the system intervention in a defined manner in that it withdraws the system intervention in a defined manner or switches it off slowly. For this purpose, there may be a provision to withdraw the brake pressure in a defined manner so that the driver is able to adjust to the change of the vehicle behavior and so that no overshooting value results in the compensation reaction and that the driver in the end remains in his own lane.”). Schulz does not explicitly disclose automatically adjust a value of at least one operating parameter of the vehicle used on future automatic interventions in the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle, so as to match a value generated via the reaction of the user. Gohlke teaches automatically adjust a value of at least one operating parameter of the vehicle used on future automatic interventions in the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle, so as to match a value generated via the reaction of the user (Paragraph 29 “For example, if a particularly fuel-saving driving profile (ECO) was selected up to that point, i.e., was active, then it may be recognized as a deviation that the driver actually wants a sporty driving profile with an increased acceleration capacity or faster response behavior of the motor vehicle. In this example, this is justified, e.g., by the fact that the full depression of the accelerator pedal (kickdown) is not compatible with a minimal fuel consumption and that based on higher prioritized safety considerations the driving maneuver, i.e., the overtaking process, execution and completion as quickly as possible is more desired by the driver as a minimal fuel consumption, at least with a higher probability, because otherwise the driver would not have initiated the overtaking process, for example. In this case, the ECO driving profile may therefore meet the requirements of the current driving maneuver or the current situation, i.e., the overtaking maneuver, less well than the sport driving profile.”, Paragraph 31 “Another benefit of the two-part construction of the driver assistance system is that the driver assistance system can be reset to a delivery state, whereby adjustments to the driver assistance system that have been learned over time can be discarded. The given control matrix then enables the driver assistance system to continue to perform its task and the behavior can be readjusted over time by re-teaching and adapting the driver assistance system, for example to a new driver of the motor vehicle.”). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill to modify Schulz to include the teachings of adjusting the operating parameter which has influence on future operations for the purpose of improving the drivers experience by reducing unnecessary operation intervention during autonomous driving. As to claim 22 Schulz discloses an apparatus wherein the control unit is also configured to determine sensor data relating to the user of the vehicle; the sensor data indicate a head and/or face of the user and/or a body-related measurement variable of the user(Paragraph 43); and the reaction information is determined based on the sensor data in relation to the user of the vehicle(Paragraph 43). As to claim 24 Schulz discloses an apparatus wherein the change in the effect on the vehicle includes: a change in the distance between the vehicle and another road user; a change in the time of an intervention in the lateral and/or longitudinal control of the vehicle; a change in a longitudinal acceleration and/or deceleration of the vehicle; a change in a steering angle and/or steering torque on a steering wheel of the vehicle(Paragraph 42); a change in the dynamics of the vehicle when changing lanes; and/or a cancellation of a lane change. As to claim 30 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 21. As to claim 33 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 22. As to claim 35 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 24. Claims 25-26, 36-37 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Schulz (US 2019/0210614) in view of Gohlke (US 2021/0039663) as applied to claim 21 above, and in further view of Ueda (US 2013/0197758) As to claim 25 Ueda teaches an apparatus wherein the control unit is also configured to: determine, on the basis of the reaction information, that automatic longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle caused by one or more automatic interventions of the vehicle causes stress and/or uncertainty to the user (Paragraph 138); and change a value of the at least one operating parameter of the vehicle in order to reduce the dynamics of the automatic longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle and/or to increase one or more safety distances to be observed during the automatic longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle (Paragraph 139). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill to modify Schulz to include the teachings of changing the value of the operating parameter of the vehicle based on the stress caused to the user for the purpose of improving the driving experience for the user. As to claim 26 Ueda teaches an apparatus wherein the control unit is also configured to: determine on the basis of the reaction information that automatic longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle caused by one or more automatic interventions of the vehicle does not cause stress and/or uncertainty to the user (Paragraph 138); and change a value of the at least one operating parameter of the vehicle in order to increase the dynamics of the automatic longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle and/or to reduce one or more safety distances to be observed during the automatic longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle(Paragraph 142). As to claim 36 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 25. As to claim 37 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 26. Claims 27, 38 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Schulz (US 2019/0210614) in view of Gohlke (US 2021/0039663) as applied to claim 21 above, and in further view of Kallmeyer (US 2019/0071078) As to claim 27 Kayllmeyer teaches an apparatus wherein the at least one operating parameter includes: a minimum permissible safety distance of the vehicle from another road user; a recommended speed of the vehicle, at which the vehicle should be driven on average; a maximum permissible longitudinal acceleration and/or deceleration of the vehicle (Paragraph 24); a maximum permissible lateral acceleration of the vehicle; a maximum permissible steering torque and/or a maximum permissible steering angle on a steering system of the vehicle; a maximum permissible speed change or a maximum permissible gradient against time of the steering torque and/or the steering angle on the steering system of the vehicle; a tendency of the vehicle to perform automatic lane changes on a multi-lane road; and/or dynamics when performing a lane change. It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill to modify Kallmeyer to include the teachings of adjusting the operating parameter such as a maximum speed of the vehicle for the purpose of safely controlling the vehicle autonomously As to claim 38 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 27. Claims 28-29, 31-32, 39-40 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Schulz (US 2019/0210614) in view of Gohlke (US 2021/0039663) as applied to claim 21 above, and in further view of Fung (US 2016/0001781) As to claim 28 Fung teaches an apparatus wherein the control unit is also configured to: for a plurality of different users of the vehicle, determine a corresponding plurality of user- specific values for the at least one operating parameter and to store it in a corresponding plurality of user profiles(Paragraph 461); for a journey of the vehicle, determine the user from the plurality of different users who use the vehicle(Paragraph 461); and cause automatic interventions in the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle in accordance with the user profile of the identified user when the vehicle is travelling(Paragraph 497-498). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill to modify Schulz to include the teachings of storing different user profiles for the purpose of controlling the vehicle for different types of users. As to claim 29 Schulz in view Beaurepaire, and Fung teaches an apparatus wherein the control unit is also configured to determine a driving behavior preferred by the user on the basis of the reaction information(Fung Paragraph 497);; the driving behavior preferred by the user indicates: a lane preferred by the user in a construction site area; and/or that the user is reluctant to drive alongside a truck or bus in heavy traffic (Beaurepaire Paragraph 91); and the control unit is also configured to perform automatic interventions in the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle in order to implement the driving behavior preferred by the user (Beaurepaire Paragraph 60). As to claim 31 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 28. As to claim 32 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 28. As to claim 39 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 28. As to claim 40 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 29. Claims 41-42 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Schulz (US 2019/0210614) in view of Gohlke (US 2021/0039663) as applied to claim 21 above, and in further view of Emura (US 2018/0093676), As to claim 41 Emura teaches an apparatus wherein the vehicle comprises one or more control means which enable the user to exert an effect on the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle by operating the one or more control means; the control unit is configured to detect an operation of the one or more control means, via which a change is caused that pertains to an effect of an automatic intervention of the vehicle on the vehicle (Paragraph 348-349); the reaction information indicates the change in the effect on the vehicle caused by the operation of the control means(Paragraph 348-349); and the change in the effect on the longitudinal and/or lateral control of the vehicle includes: i) a change in the dynamics of the vehicle when changing lanes; and/or ii) a cancellation of a lane change(Paragraph 124). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill to modify Schulz to include the teachings of adjusting the operating parameter which has influence on future operations for the purpose of improving the drivers experience by reducing unnecessary operation intervention during autonomous driving. As to claim 42 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 41. Claims 43-44 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Schulz (US 2019/0210614) in view of Gohlke (US 2021/0039663) as applied to claim 21 above, and in further view of Limbacher (US 2021/0016789) As to claim 43 Limbacher teaches an apparatus wherein the multiple user reactions gathered from different types of automatic interventions are subjected to a statistical evaluation (Paragraph 43). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill to modify Schulz to include the teachings of gathering reactions of multiple users of automatic interventions for the purpose of learning the drivers preferences.. As to claim 44 the claim is interpreted and rejected as in claim 43. Response to Arguments Applicant’s arguments with respect to claims 21-22, 24-33, 35-44 have been considered but are moot because the new ground of rejection does not rely on any reference applied in the prior rejection of record for any teaching or matter specifically challenged in the argument. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to IMRAN K MUSTAFA whose telephone number is (571)270-1471. The examiner can normally be reached Mon-Fri 9-5. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, James J Lee can be reached at 571-270-5965. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. IMRAN K. MUSTAFA Primary Examiner Art Unit 3668 /IMRAN K MUSTAFA/ Primary Examiner, Art Unit 3668 1/6/2026
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Prosecution Timeline

Apr 09, 2021
Application Filed
Apr 04, 2023
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Aug 07, 2023
Response Filed
Nov 03, 2023
Final Rejection — §103
Feb 22, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Feb 26, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Jun 14, 2024
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Sep 10, 2024
Interview Requested
Sep 19, 2024
Response Filed
Sep 30, 2024
Final Rejection — §103
Dec 04, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Dec 31, 2024
Request for Continued Examination
Jan 12, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Feb 08, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §103
Jun 13, 2025
Response Filed
Aug 20, 2025
Final Rejection — §103
Oct 21, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Nov 24, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Dec 04, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Jan 06, 2026
Non-Final Rejection — §103 (current)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

7-8
Expected OA Rounds
60%
Grant Probability
77%
With Interview (+16.5%)
3y 8m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 761 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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