Prosecution Insights
Last updated: April 19, 2026
Application No. 17/542,377

GATE ALL AROUND SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE WITH STRAINED CHANNELS

Non-Final OA §102
Filed
Dec 04, 2021
Examiner
LEE, DA WEI
Art Unit
2817
Tech Center
2800 — Semiconductors & Electrical Systems
Assignee
International Business Machines Corporation
OA Round
3 (Non-Final)
75%
Grant Probability
Favorable
3-4
OA Rounds
3y 6m
To Grant
96%
With Interview

Examiner Intelligence

Grants 75% — above average
75%
Career Allow Rate
15 granted / 20 resolved
+7.0% vs TC avg
Strong +21% interview lift
Without
With
+20.8%
Interview Lift
resolved cases with interview
Typical timeline
3y 6m
Avg Prosecution
53 currently pending
Career history
73
Total Applications
across all art units

Statute-Specific Performance

§103
54.2%
+14.2% vs TC avg
§102
33.7%
-6.3% vs TC avg
§112
10.8%
-29.2% vs TC avg
Black line = Tech Center average estimate • Based on career data from 20 resolved cases

Office Action

§102
Notice of Pre-AIA or AIA Status The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA . Response to Amendment Amendment filed on 12/2/2025 has been entered. Claims 15 – 20 are withdrawn. Claims 1, 8 are amended. Claims 7, 14 are canceled. Claims 1 – 6, 8 – 13 are pending in the present application. Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status. The following is a quotation of the appropriate paragraphs of 35 U.S.C. 102 that form the basis for the rejections under this section made in this Office action: A person shall be entitled to a patent unless – (a)(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention. Claims 1 – 6, 8 – 13 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) as being anticipated by More ( Pub. No. US 20230114789 A1 ), hereinafter More. PNG media_image1.png 538 1295 media_image1.png Greyscale Regarding Independent Claim 1 (Currently Amended), More teaches a GAA (gate-all-around) semiconductor device comprising: a first source/drain region ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236; More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234; More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202; More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) comprising an epitaxially grown first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) disposed in contact with first device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ), first device channel inner spacers ( More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234 ) and a device substrate ( More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202 ), and an epitaxially grown first source/drain ( More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254 ) disposed adjacent to the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) wherein the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029]; [0026] ) is undoped ( More, [0011], According to embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the source/drain features is disposed on an undoped semiconductor feature in a source/drain recess ) and is disposed between the first source/drain (More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254) and each of the first device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ) and the first device channel inner spacers ( More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023] ); and a second source/drain region ( Opposite to the first source/drain region, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24 ) comprising an epitaxially grown second buffer layer ( Opposite to the first buffer layer, as shown in More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) disposed in contact with second device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ) and second device channel inner spacers ( Opposite to the first device channel inner spacers, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234 ) and the device substrate ( More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202 ), and an epitaxially grown second source/drain ( Opposite to the epitaxially grown first source/drain, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254 ) disposed adjacent to the second buffer layer ( Opposite to the first buffer layer, as shown in More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ), wherein the second buffer layer ( Opposite to the first buffer layer, as shown in More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029]; [0026] ) is disposed between the second source/drain ( Opposite to the epitaxially grown first source/drain, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254 ) and each of the second device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ) and the second device channel inner spacers ( Opposite to the first device channel inner spacers, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023] ); wherein the first source/drain region ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236; More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234; More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202; More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) and the second source/drain region ( Opposite to the first source/drain region, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24 ) are disposed on opposing sides of a device gate structure ( More, FIG. 24, 250; [0035], gate structure 250 ); and wherein the device gate structure ( More, FIG. 24, 250; [0035], gate structure 250 ) comprising semiconductor nanosheet channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ) disposed between the first source/drain region ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236; More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234; More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202; More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) and the second source/drain region ( Opposite to the first source/drain region, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24 ). Regarding Claim 2 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising wherein the first source drain comprises a defect-free crystalline structure ( More, [0032], … Voids in the second epitaxial layer 240 may reduce volume of the highly doped second epitaxial layer 240, leading to increased resistance. The voids may also induce other defects in the second epitaxial layer 240, which may also lead to increased resistance … the second epitaxial layer 240 is more likely to merge directly over the inner spacer features 234 to bridge the gaps, leading to smaller or no voids adjacent the sidewalls of the inner spacer features ). Regarding Claim 3 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising wherein a nanosheet channel comprises a first cross-section having a first area adjacent to the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) and a second cross-section having a second area disposed between adjacent high-k metal gate portions of the gate structure, wherein the first area is larger than the second area ( More, [0015], In some embodiments, all sacrificial layers 206 may have a substantially uniform first thickness and all of the channel layers 208 may have a substantially uniform second thickness. The first thickness and the second thickness may be identical or different. As described in more detail below, the channel layers 208 or parts thereof may serve as channel member(s) for a subsequently-formed multi-gate device and the thickness of each of the channel layers 208 is chosen based on device performance considerations. The sacrificial layers 206 in channel regions(s) may eventually be removed and serve to define a vertical distance between adjacent channel members, which are formed from the channel layers 208, for a subsequently-formed multi-gate device and the thickness of each of the sacrificial layers 206 is chosen based on device performance considerations ). Regarding Claim 4 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising wherein a nanosheet channel comprises a compressive strained crystalline semiconductor material ( More, [0013], an epitaxial layer (epi-layer), may be strained for performance enhancement; [0029], first epitaxial layer 238 includes … sidewall portions 238S that are disposed directly on sidewalls of the channel layers 208 ). Regarding Claim 5 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising wherein a nanosheet channel comprises a tensile strained crystalline semiconductor material ( More, [0013], an epitaxial layer (epi-layer), may be strained for performance enhancement; [0029], first epitaxial layer 238 includes … sidewall portions 238S that are disposed directly on sidewalls of the channel layers 208 ). Regarding Claim 6 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising wherein the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) comprises a first material having a first Ge concentration ( More, [0036], buffer semiconductor layer 236 may include undoped silicon (Si), undoped germanium (Ge), undoped silicon germanium (SiGe), or undoped germanium tin (GeSn) ), the first source/drain ( More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) comprises a carbon doped Si ( More, [0013], substrate 202 may also include other semiconductors such as germanium (Ge), silicon carbide (SiC); [0024], inner spacer material may include metal oxides, silicon oxide, silicon oxycarbonitride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, carbon-rich silicon carbonitride ) Regarding Independent Claim 8 (Currently Amended), More teaches a GAA (gate-all-around) semiconductor device comprising: a first source/drain region ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236; More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234; More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202; More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) comprising an epitaxially grown first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) disposed in contact with first device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ), first device channel inner spacers ( More, FIG. 24. 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234 ) and a device substrate ( More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202 ), and an epitaxially grown first doped semiconductor source/drain ( More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254 ) disposed adjacent to the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ), wherein the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029]; [0026] ) is undoped ( More, [0011], According to embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the source/drain features is disposed on an undoped semiconductor feature in a source/drain recess ) and is disposed between the first doped semiconductor source/drain ( More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254 ) and each of the first device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ) and the first device inner channel spacers ( More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023] ); and a second source/drain region ( Opposite to the first source/drain region, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24 ) comprising an epitaxially grown second buffer layer ( Opposite to the first buffer layer, as shown in More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) disposed in contact with second device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ), second device channel inner spacers ( Opposite to the first device channel inner spacers, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234 ) and the device substrate ( More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202 ), and an epitaxially grown second doped semiconductor source/drain ( Opposite to the epitaxially grown first doped semiconductor source/drain, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254 ) disposed adjacent to the second buffer layer ( Opposite to the first buffer layer, as shown in More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ), wherein the second buffer layer ( Opposite to the first buffer layer, as shown in More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029]; [0026] ) is disposed between the second doped semiconductor source/drain ( Opposite to the epitaxially grown first source/drain, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254 ) and each of the second device channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ) and the second device channel inner spacers ( Opposite to the first device channel inner spacers, as shown in More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023] ); wherein the first source/drain region ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236; More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234; More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202; More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) and the second source/drain region ( Opposite to the first source/drain region, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24 ) are disposed on opposing sides of a device gate structure ( More, FIG. 24, 250; [0035], gate structure 250 ), and wherein the device gate structure ( More, FIG. 24, 250; [0035], gate structure 250 ) comprising semiconductor nanosheet channels ( More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080 ) disposed between the first source/drain region ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236; More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023], inner spacer features 234; More, FIG. 24, 202; [0013], substrate 202; More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) and the second source/drain region ( Opposite to the first source/drain region, i.e. on the other side of 250, as shown in More, FIG. 24 ). Regarding Claim 9 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising wherein the first source drain comprises a defect-free crystalline structure ( More, [0032], … Voids in the second epitaxial layer 240 may reduce volume of the highly doped second epitaxial layer 240, leading to increased resistance. The voids may also induce other defects in the second epitaxial layer 240, which may also lead to increased resistance … the second epitaxial layer 240 is more likely to merge directly over the inner spacer features 234 to bridge the gaps, leading to smaller or no voids adjacent the sidewalls of the inner spacer features ). Regarding Claim 10 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising wherein a nanosheet channel comprises a first cross-section having a first area adjacent to the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) and a second cross-section having a second area disposed between adjacent high-k metal gate portions of the gate structure, wherein the first area is larger than the second area ( More, [0015], In some embodiments, all sacrificial layers 206 may have a substantially uniform first thickness and all of the channel layers 208 may have a substantially uniform second thickness. The first thickness and the second thickness may be identical or different. As described in more detail below, the channel layers 208 or parts thereof may serve as channel member(s) for a subsequently-formed multi-gate device and the thickness of each of the channel layers 208 is chosen based on device performance considerations. The sacrificial layers 206 in channel regions(s) may eventually be removed and serve to define a vertical distance between adjacent channel members, which are formed from the channel layers 208, for a subsequently-formed multi-gate device and the thickness of each of the sacrificial layers 206 is chosen based on device performance considerations ). Regarding Claim 11 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising wherein a nanosheet channel comprises a compressive strained crystalline semiconductor material ( More, [0013], an epitaxial layer (epi-layer), may be strained for performance enhancement; [0029], first epitaxial layer 238 includes … sidewall portions 238S that are disposed directly on sidewalls of the channel layers 208 ). Regarding Claim 12 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising wherein a nanosheet channel comprises a tensile strained crystalline semiconductor material ( More, [0013], an epitaxial layer (epi-layer), may be strained for performance enhancement; [0029], first epitaxial layer 238 includes … sidewall portions 238S that are disposed directly on sidewalls of the channel layers 208 ). Regarding Claim 13 (Original), More teaches the GAA semiconductor device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising wherein the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029], sidewall portions 238S, bottom portion 238B; second epitaxial layer 240; [0026], buffer semiconductor layer 236 ) comprises a first material having a first Ge concentration ( More, [0036], buffer semiconductor layer 236 may include undoped silicon (Si), undoped germanium (Ge), undoped silicon germanium (SiGe), or undoped germanium tin (GeSn) ), the first source/drain ( More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ), the first source/drain ( More, FIG. 24, 254; [0039], source/drain contacts 254 ) comprises a carbon doped Si ( More, [0013], substrate 202 may also include other semiconductors such as germanium (Ge), silicon carbide (SiC); [0024], inner spacer material may include metal oxides, silicon oxide, silicon oxycarbonitride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, carbon-rich silicon carbonitride ). Response to Arguments Applicant’s argument for claim 1 ( currently amended ): page 9, line 2 from bottom, cited “ Cited buffer layer 236 fails to conform to the claimed features of the buffer layer of the invention. Buffer layer 236 is not disposed in the manner claimed for the buffer layer. Elements 238 and 240 do not comprise undoped portions of buffer layer as they are portions of the source/drain feature. Element 254 is not a source drain but is instead a metallic source/drain contact ”. Examiner’s response: First, based on the original specification, FIG. 6 and FIG. 13, 601 is buffer layer, which is on the side walls and the bottom surface of the source/drain region 710, not only the side walls of the source/drain region 710; besides, [0059], cited “ Buffer layer 610 may comprise doped or undoped semiconductor material ”, which means the buffer layer may be doped. Second, please refer to the Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 102 for claim 1 in this office action, cited “ wherein the first buffer layer ( More, FIG. 24. 238S, 240, 238B, 236; [0029]; [0026] ) is undoped ( More, [0011], According to embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the source/drain features is disposed on an undoped semiconductor feature in a source/drain recess ) and is disposed between the first source/drain (More, FIG. 24, 238S, 240, 238B, 236, 254) and each of the first device channels (More, FIG. 24, 2080; [0035], channel members 2080) and the first device channel inner spacers (More, FIG. 24, 234; [0023]) ”. Conclusion Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to Da-Wei Lee whose telephone number is 703-756-1792. The examiner can normally be reached M -̶ F 8:00 am -̶ 6:00 pm. Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice. If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Marlon Fletcher can be reached on 571-272-2063. The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300. Information regarding the status of published or unpublished applications may be obtained from Patent Center. Unpublished application information in Patent Center is available to registered users. To file and manage patent submissions in Patent Center, visit: https://patentcenter.uspto.gov. Visit https://www.uspto.gov/patents/apply/patent-center for more information about Patent Center and https://www.uspto.gov/patents/docx for information about filing in DOCX format. For additional questions, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000. /DA-WEI LEE/Examiner, Art Unit 2817 /MARLON T FLETCHER/Supervisory Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2817
Read full office action

Prosecution Timeline

Dec 04, 2021
Application Filed
Mar 14, 2024
Response after Non-Final Action
Mar 22, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102
Jun 05, 2025
Interview Requested
Jun 24, 2025
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)
Jun 24, 2025
Examiner Interview Summary
Jun 25, 2025
Response Filed
Sep 04, 2025
Final Rejection — §102
Nov 04, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Dec 02, 2025
Request for Continued Examination
Dec 09, 2025
Response after Non-Final Action
Dec 20, 2025
Non-Final Rejection — §102
Mar 05, 2026
Interview Requested
Mar 11, 2026
Examiner Interview Summary
Mar 11, 2026
Applicant Interview (Telephonic)

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Study what changed to get past this examiner. Based on 5 most recent grants.

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Prosecution Projections

3-4
Expected OA Rounds
75%
Grant Probability
96%
With Interview (+20.8%)
3y 6m
Median Time to Grant
High
PTA Risk
Based on 20 resolved cases by this examiner. Grant probability derived from career allow rate.

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